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Identifying file-sharing P2P traffic based on traffic characteristics

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2008年第4期15卷 112-120页

作者： CHENG wei-qing gong Jian DING wei College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210003 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China

This article focuses on identifying file-sharing peer-to-peer （P2P）（such as BitTorrent （BT）） traffic at the borders of a stub network. By analyzing protocols and traffic of applications, it is found that file-sharing P2P traffic of a single user differs greatly from traditional and other P2P （such as QQ） applications＇ traffic in the distribution of involved remote hosts and remote ports. Therefore, a method based on discreteness of remote hosts （RHD） and discreteness of remote ports （RPD） is proposed to identify BT-like traffic. This method only relies on flow information of each user host in a stub network, and no packet payload needs to be monitored. At intervals, instant RHD for concurrent transmission control protocol and user datagram protocol flows for each host are calculated respectively through grouping flows by the stub network that the remote host of each flow belongs to. On given conditions, instant RPD are calculated through grouping flows by the remote port to amend instant RHD. Whether a host has been using a BT-like application or not can be deduced from instant RHD or average RHD for a period of time. The proposed method based on traffic characteristics is more suitable for identifying protean file-sharing P2P traffic than content-based methods Experimental results show that this method is effective with high accuracy.

关键词： traffic identification concurrent flows P2P discreteness of remote hosts discreteness of remote ports

To Be,Or Not To Be:The Calculated Politics of Acupuncture in JAMA

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第11期23卷 803-808页

作者： gong Chang-zhen LIU wei American Academy of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine RosevilleMN(55113)United States

Ten acupuncture-related articles were published in The Journal of the American Medical Association（JAMA） between 1998 and 2017. Five studies showed positive results in terms of the effectiveness of acupuncture/Chinese medicine（CM）; five studies showed negative results. This article summarizes the acupuncturerelated clinical trials published over the last 20 years in JAMA, and addresses what seems to be a fundamental ambivalence in Western medical journals regarding the scientific validity of acupuncture/CM. As yet there has been no consensus on the role of acupuncture in healthcare in Western countries. This is hardly surprising, considering the conflicting evidence found in published studies. Skepticism regarding acupuncture/CM is largely grounded in the fact that an accurate model for assessing the true clinical effects of acupuncture has yet to be created. This article discusses some of the pitfalls which result from applying Western-based scientific principles to CM, and suggests that in many cases, ＂negative＂ studies have been misinterpreted. The clinical experience of acupuncture practitioners is often in direct conflict with many of the negative conclusions published in journals. We are in need of an accurate model for sham and placebo treatments, and must analyze all published studies for design flaws and faulty conclusions.

关键词： Chinese medicine acupuncture Western medical journals study design

Two Evidence-Based Acupuncture Models

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第1期26卷 3-7页

作者： gong Chang-zhen LIU wei American Academy of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine

Modern clinical trials have produced controversial data interpretation which refutes conventional standard teachings and practices. Acupuncture scholars and practitioners have been stimulated to scrutinize these trials and analyze conventional practices. This paper presents two acupuncture models which address these issues. One rationalizes the clinical trial results with newer understanding of acupuncture points and techniques, while the other reconciles these results with rediscovered techniques of palpating points and performing needling. These two models indicate that acupuncture is in transition from classical model to evidence-based models.

关键词： acupuncture model evidence-based LI Yong-ming’s Balloon model LENG San-hua’s C-Nerve Network Counter-Stimulation model

Oxidation behavior of low-grade vanadiferous titanomagnetite concentrate with high titanium

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 329-341页

作者： Jin-sheng Liu Zhen-xing Xing gong-jin Cheng xue-yong Ding Xiang-xin xue School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina Liaoning Key Laboratory of Recycling Science for Metallurgical Resources Shenyang110819LiaoningChina Innovation Research Institute of Vanadium and Titanium Resource Industry Technology Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina

In order to clarify the oxidation mechanisms and make better use of the low-grade vanadiferous titanomagnetite concentrate with high titanium(LVTC),the oxidation behavior of LVTC was *** results showed that oxidation degree was achieved within 90 min when temperature was not lower than 700°C,and the main phases of the oxidized LVTC consisted of Fe9TiO15,Fe2O3,CaSiTiO5 and a small amount of *** temperature is favorable to the formation of *** surface of LVTC gradually becomes rough,with fine particles of needle-like and granular shape appearing on the surface,which finally turn from laminar to creamy,spread out,and are interspersed with many tiny *** phase oxidation paths in LVTC were as follows:(1)Fe2.75Ti0.25O4→Fe9TiO15+Fe2O3;(2)Fe2.75Ti0.25O4→Fe2O3+FeTiO3→Fe2TiO5;(3)FeTiO3→Fe2O3+Fe2Ti3O9→*** is predominantly mesoporous whether oxidized or not,with the pores mainly distributed in the range of 2–40 nm,and the specific surface area of LVTC decreases significantly with increasing temperature.

关键词： Low-grade vanadiferous titanomagnetite concentrate Oxidation degree Phase transformation Micromorphology Oxidation path Pore structure

Long-term Activity of Earthquake-induced Landslides: A Case Study from Qionghai Lake basin, Southwest of China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2014年第3期11卷 607-624页

作者： wei xue-li CHEN Ning-sheng CHENG Qian-gong HE Na DENG Ming-feng TANOLI Javed Iqbal Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong Universit Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

Earthquake-triggered landslides are a major geological hazard in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, and have prolonged impact on earth surface processes and fluvial system. To determine how long co-seismic landslides affect basins, a massive number of landslides existing in Qionghai Lake Basin were investigated for landslide distribution characteristics and geomorphological evidences, with further comparison and analysis using historic seismic analog method. The landslides found in Qionghai Lake Basin showed clear features of seismic triggering with strongly controlled by Zemuhe fault. These landslides are still active at present. Some new slides generally occur in ancient slope failure zones causing serious secondary hazards in recent years. In this study we strengthen the idea that the landslides triggered by the 185o Xichang earthquake （Ms7.5） have long term activity and prolonged impact on the mountain disasters with a period of more than 16o years. Our results support growing evidence that coseismic landslides have a prolonged effect on secondary disasters in a basin, and invite more careful consideration of the relationship between current basin condition and landslide history for a longer period.

关键词： Qionghai Lake Earthquake Landslide Debris flow Sediment yield

Effects of slip length and hydraulic diameter on hydraulic entrance length of microchannels with superhydrophobic surfaces

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第1期14卷 127-138页

作者： Wenchi gong Jun SHEN wei DAI Zeng DENG xueqiang DONG Maoqiong gong Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

This paper investigated effects of slip length and hydraulic diameter on the hydraulic entrance length of laminar flow in superhydrophobic *** investigations were performed for square microchannels with Re ranging between 0.1 and *** is found that superhydrophobic microchannels have a longer hydraulic entrance length than that of conventional ones by nearly 26.62%at a low *** dimensionless hydraulic entrance length slightly increases with the increasing slip length at approximately Re<10,and does not vary with the hydraulic diameter.A new correlation to predict the entrance length in square microchannels with different slip lengths was developed,which has a satisfying predictive performance with a mean absolute relative deviation of 5.69%.The results not only ascertain the flow characteristics of superhydrophobic microchannels,but also suggest that super hydrophobic microchannels have more significant advantages for heat transfer enhancement at a low Re.

关键词： laminar flow hydraulic entrance length super hydrophobic surface slip length hydraulic diameter

Thermo-Rheological Structure and Passive Continental Margin Rifting in the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea, China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第2期21卷 347-360页

作者： LI Chaoyang JIANG Xiaodian gong wei School of Ocean Science and Technology Dalian University of TechnologyPanjin 124221China Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Educationand College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

To investigate the thermo-rheological structure and passive continental margin rifting in the Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB),thermo-rheological models of two profiles across the western and eastern QDNB are *** continental shelf of western QDNB,having the lowest crustal extension factor,is recognized as the initial non-uniform extension crust *** regime is referred to as the jelly sandwich-1(JS-1)regime,having a lower crustal ductile *** oceanward part of the western QDNB changes from the relatively strong JS-1 to the weak crème brûlée-1(CB-1)regime with a significantly thinned lower ***,the crustal extension in the eastern QDNB is significantly higher than that in the western QDNB,with conjugate faults extending deep into the lower *** central depression zone of the eastern QDNB is defined as the much stronger JS-2 regime,having a brittle deformation across the entire crust and upper mantle and characteristics of a cold and rigid oceanic *** the widespread lower crustal high-velocity layers(HVLs)in the northern margin of the South China Sea,the HVLs are confined to the lower crustal base of the central depression zone of the *** HVLs of QDNB are the results of non-uniform extension with mantle underplating during the lower crustal-necking stage,which is facilitated by the lower crustal ductile layer and derived by mantle lat-eral *** gigantic mantle low-velocity zone related to the Red River Fault should be a necessary factor for the east-west differential margin rifting process of QDNB,which may drive the lateral flowing in the mantle.

关键词： Qiongdongnan Basin thermo-rheological structure continental margin rifting high-velocity layer

Mobile Content Distribution with Vehicular Cloud in Urban VANETs

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China Communications 2016年第8期13卷 84-96页

作者： Haigang gong Lingfei Yu Nianbo Liu xue Zhang School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Big Data Research Center of UESTC University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Hangzhou College of Commerce Zhejiang Gongshang University

Plenty of multimedia contents such as traffic images, surveillance video, music and movie will flood into vehicular ad hoc networks. However, content distribution over VANETs is not a easy task, due to the high mobility of vehicles and intermittent connectivity. Infrastructure-based scheme can relieve the problem, but with a large amount of investment. In this paper, we propose a mobile content distribution scheme based on roadside parking cloud(RPC), which is formed by the parked car on the roadside, and mobile cloud(MC), which is formed by moving cars on the road. According to a trip history model, a mobile car can estimate its following trajectory. When it wants to download the content, gateway node of the RPC will work out a downloading schedule, which tells it how much chunks it can download from which RPCs. Moreover, the helper of the mobile car in mobile cloud would deliver specified chunks to it when there is lack of RPC in the following trip. Simulation results show that cloud-based scheme performs better than inter-vehicle communication approach and cluster-based scheme.

关键词： roadside parking cloud mobile cloud trip history model trajectory prediction content distribution

Process analysis of PM_(2.5) pollution events in a coastal city of China using CMAQ

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第5期31卷 225-238页

作者： Qiang Zhang Di xue Xiaohuan Liu Xiang gong Huiwang Gao College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao University of Science and Technology

US EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system(CMAQ) with Process Analysis tool was used to simulate and quantify the contribution of individual atmospheric processes to PM_(2.5) concentration in Qingdao during three representative PM_(2.5) pollution events in the winter of 2015 and 2016. Compared with the observed surface PM_(2.5) concentrations, CMAQ could reasonably reproduce the temporal and spatial variations of PM_(2.5) during these three events. Process analysis results show that primary emissions accounted for 72.7%–93.2% of the accumulation of surface PM_(2.5) before and after the *** the events occurred, primary emissions were still the major contributor to the increase of PM_(2.5) in Qingdao, however the contribution percentage reduced significantly,which only account for 51.4%–71.8%. Net contribution from horizontal and vertical transport to the accumulation of PM_(2.5) was also positive and its percentage increased when events occurred. Only 1.1%–4.6% of aerosol accumulation was due to PM processes and aqueous chemical processes before and after events. When the events occurred,contribution from PM processes and aqueous chemistry increased to 6.0%–11.8%. Loss of PM_(2.5) was mainly through horizontal transport, vertical transport and dry deposition, no matter during or outside the events. Wet deposition would become the main removal pathway of PM_(2.5), when precipitation occurred.

关键词： CMAQ Process analysis PM2.5 Qingdao