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Subretinal fibrosis secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration:mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 378-393页

作者： Jingxiang Zhang Xia Sheng Quanju Ding Yujun Wang Jiwei zhao Jingfa Zhang Department of Ophthalmology People’s Hospital of Huangdao DistrictQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Urology People’s Hospital of Huangdao DistrictQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital(Shanghai First People’s Hospital)Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus DiseasesShanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and PhotomedicineShanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye DiseasesShanghaiChina

Subretinal fibrosis is the end-stage sequelae of neovascular age-related macular *** causes local damage to photoreceptors,retinal pigment epithelium,and choroidal vessels,which leads to permanent central vision loss of patients with neovascular age-related macular *** pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis is complex,and the underlying mechanisms are largely ***,there are no effective treatment options.A thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis and its related mechanisms is important to elucidate its complications and explore potential *** current article reviews several aspects of subretinal fibrosis,including the current understanding on the relationship between neovascular age-related macular degeneration and subretinal fibrosis;multimodal imaging techniques for subretinal fibrosis;animal models for studying subretinal fibrosis;cellular and non-cellular constituents of subretinal fibrosis;pathophysiological mechanisms involved in subretinal fibrosis,such as aging,infiltration of macrophages,different sources of mesenchymal transition to myofibroblast,and activation of complement system and immune cells;and several key molecules and signaling pathways participating in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis,such as vascular endothelial growth factor,connective tissue growth factor,fibroblast growth factor 2,platelet-derived growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β,transforming growth factor-βsignaling pathway,Wnt signaling pathway,and the axis of heat shock protein 70-Toll-like receptors 2/*** review will improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis,allow the discovery of molecular targets,and explore potential treatments for the management of subretinal fibrosis.

关键词： choroidal neovascularization epithelial-mesenchymal transition mesenchymal transition myofibroblast neovascular age-related macular degeneration submacular fibrosis subretinal fibrosis therapeutic targets transforming growth factor-β vascular endothelial growth factor

Applicability of the Friedberg-Lee-zhao Method

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2002年第7期38卷 41-46页

作者： zhao Gong-Bo DING Yi-Bing LI xue-Qian QIAN Ke WANG Guo-Li zhaorigetu Department of Physics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Department of Physics Graduate School the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Department of Physics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Department of Physics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Department of Physics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Department of Physics Chifeng Normal College Inner-Mongolia Chifeng 024000 China

Friedberg, Lee and zhao (FLZ) proposed a method for effectively evaluating the eigenenergies and eigen wavefunctions of quantum systems. In this work, we study several special cases to investigate applicability of the ***, we calculate the ground-state eigenenergy of the Hellmann potential as well as the Cornell potential, and also evaluate the energies of the systems where linear term is added to the Coulomb as a perturbation. The results obtained in this method have a surprising agreement with the traditional method or the numerical results. Since the results in this method have obvious analyticity compared to that in other methods, and because of the simplicity for calculations this method can be applied to solving the Schrodinger equation and provides us a better understanding of the physical essence of the concerned systems. But meanwhile applications of the FLZ method are restricted at present, especially for certain potential forms, but due to its obvious advantages, it should be further developed.

关键词： applicability, FLZ method

Frequency Domain Fatigue Evaluation on SCR Girth-Weld Based on Structural Stress

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 255-270页

作者： ZHANG Long zhao Tian-feng College of Safety and Ocean Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

The Steel Catenary Riser(SCR)is a vital component for transporting oil and gas from the seabed to the floating *** harsh environmental conditions and complex platform motion make the SCR’s girth-weld prone to fatigue *** structural stress fatigue theory and Master S-N curve method provide accurate predictions for the fatigue damage on the welded joints,which demonstrate significant potential and compatibility in multi-axial and random fatigue ***,we propose a new frequency fatigue model subjected to welded joints of SCR under multiaxial stress,which fully integrates the mesh-insensitive structural stress and frequency domain random process and transforms the conventional welding fatigue technique of SCR into a spectrum analysis technique utilizing structural ***,a full-scale FE model of SCR with welds is established to obtain the modal structural stress of the girth weld and the frequency response function(FRF)of modal coordinate,and a biaxial fatigue evaluation about the girth weld of the SCR can be achieved by taking the effects of multi-load correlation and pipe-soil interaction into *** research results indicate that the frequency-domain fatigue results are aligned with the time-domain results,meeting the fatigue evaluation requirements of the SCR.

关键词： SCR girth weld random vibration self(cross)power spectrum structural stress method biaxial fatigue damage

盐酸去氢骆驼蓬碱对人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡及自噬的影响

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2020年第11期34卷 825-831页

作者：西仁阿依·西热甫雷秀英张瑜伊力亚斯·艾萨木塔力甫·艾买提陈倩冯学召李飞米娜新疆医科大学药学院新疆乌鲁木齐830011 新疆医科大学第一附属医院临床医学研究院新疆乌鲁木齐830011 新疆医科大学基础医学院新疆乌鲁木齐830011 中国药科大学国家重点实验室江苏南京210009 新疆医科大学中心实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830011

目的探讨盐酸去氢骆驼蓬碱(HMH)对人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡及自噬的影响。方法①SH-SY5Y细胞分别加入HMH 10,20,40,80和160μmol·L^(-1)或DMSO(细胞对照组)孵育24 h,通过MTT实验检测SH-SY5Y细胞存活率;Hoechst33342/PI染色法观... 详细信息

目的探讨盐酸去氢骆驼蓬碱(HMH)对人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡及自噬的影响。方法①SH-SY5Y细胞分别加入HMH 10,20,40,80和160μmol·L^(-1)或DMSO(细胞对照组)孵育24 h,通过MTT实验检测SH-SY5Y细胞存活率;Hoechst33342/PI染色法观察细胞凋亡;Western印迹法检测凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-2、胱天蛋白酶3、活化的胱天蛋白酶3及自噬相关蛋白微管相关蛋白轻链3B-Ⅱ(LC3B-Ⅱ)和P62的表达。②SH-SY5Y细胞分别加入HMH(2和4μmol·L-1)或DMSO孵育14 d,检测SH-SY5Y细胞克隆形成率。③HMH 40μmol·L^(-1)单独或与3-甲基腺嘌呤(3-MA)5 mmol·L^(-1)同时加入SH-SY5Y细胞,分别培养4或24 h后,Western印迹法检测LC3B-Ⅱ蛋白的表达。④将SH-SY5Y细胞分别加入HMH 40μmol·L^(-1)或溶剂孵育24 h后,Western印迹法检测蛋白激酶B(Akt)、磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)和p-mTOR的表达。结果①与细胞对照组相比,药物作用24 h后HMH 20~160μmol·L^(-1)组细胞存活率降低(P<0.01),凋亡细胞增多,LC3B-Ⅱ蛋白的相对表达量及Bax/Bcl-2的比值增加(P<0.05,P<0.01),P62蛋白的相对表达量减少(P<0.01)。HMH 40~160μmol·L^(-1)组活化的胱天蛋白酶3/胱天蛋白酶3的比值增加(P<0.05)。②与细胞对照组相比,药物作用14 d后,HMH 2和4μmol·L^(-1)组细胞克隆形成率降低(P<0.01)。③HMH与3-MA同时孵育24 h后,细胞LC3B-Ⅱ的相对表达量比HMH 40μmol·L^(-1)单独处理组降低(P<0.05)。④与细胞对照组相比,HMH 40μmol·L^(-1)组Akt和mTOR的磷酸化水平均降低(P<0.05)。结论HMH通过抑制Akt/mTOR通路抑制人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞增殖,诱导凋亡与自噬。

关键词：盐酸去氢骆驼蓬碱 SH-SY5Y细胞细胞凋亡自噬

A new fracture criterion for peridynamic and dual-horizon peridynamics

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 629-641页

作者： Jinhai zhao Hesheng TANG Songtao xue Research Institute of Structural Engineering and Disaster Reduction Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention in Civil Engineering Tongii UniversityShanghai 200092China

A new fracture criterion based on the crack opening displacement for peridynamic (PD) and dual-horizon peridynamics (DH-PD) is proposed. When the relative deformation of the PD bond between the particles reaches the critical crack tip opening displacement of the fracture mechanics, we assume that the bond force vanishes. A new damage rule similar to the local damage rule in conventional PD is introduced to simulate fracture. The new formulation is developed for a linear elastic solid though the extension to nonlinear materials is straightforward. The performance of the new fracture criterion is demonstrated by four examples, i.e. a bilateral crack problem, double parallel crack, monoclinic crack and the double inclined crack. The results are compared to experimental data and the results obtained by other computational methods.

关键词： Castigliano’s theorem breaking energy critical extension XFEM COD PD-COD

Visualization of adaptive polymer flow and displacement in medium-permeable 3D core-on-a-chip

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Petroleum Science 2023年第2期20卷 1018-1029页

作者： Yan Zhang xue-Zhi zhao Pei-Hui Han Li-Yuan Zhang David A.Weitz Yu-Jun feng Polymer Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065SichuanPR China EOR Laboratory Exploration&Development Research InstituteDaqing Oilfield Limited CompanyPetroChinaDaqing163712HeilongjiangPR China School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridge02138United States School of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumQingdao266580ShandongPR China

Polymer flooding has been witnessed an effective technology for enhancing oil recovery from medium-to low-permeability reservoirs;however, direct visualization of polymer solution flow in such reservoir condition is still lacking. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) core-on-a-chip device with a permeability of around 200 mD was prepared and employed to visualize the pore-scale flow and displacement of a self-adaptive polymer (SAP, 8.7 × 106 g·mol−1)−whose microscopic association structure and macroscopic viscosity can reversibly change in response to shear action−versus partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), by recording their flow curves, monitoring dynamic transportation process via particle imaging velocimetry, and building 3D structure of remaining oil. The results show that, in single-phase flow, all polymer solutions exhibit flow thinning and then thickening regions as flow rate increases, but the transition between two regimes occurs at a small Weissenberg number (10−3−10−1) in this medium-permeable condition. In contrast to HPAM-1 with close weight-average molecular weight (Mw), the adaptive character not only extends SAP's shear-govern region, allowing SAP to propagate piece by piece and achieve higher accessible pore volume, but it also enhances the elastic resistibility of polymer in the extension-dominated regime, increasing the microscopic displacement efficiency. These two effects result in 1.5–3 times more oil recovery factor for SAP than for HPAM-1. Regarding ultra-high-Mw HPAM-2 (25 × 106 g·mol−1), plugging and chain degradation do occur, thus producing lower oil recovery than SAP. This work provides a direct approach for in-situ assessment of polymer-based displacing system under a more authentic condition of practical reservoirs.

关键词： Polymer flooding Medium-permeable transparent media Adaptive polymer In-situ rheology Particle imaging velocimetry

Improving interface adhesion in TiNi wire/shape memory epoxy composites using carbon nanotubes

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Rare Metals 2021年第4期40卷 934-938页

作者： xue feng Li-Min zhao Xu-Jun Mi Guo-Jie Huang Hao-feng Xie Xiang-Qian Yin Li-Jun Peng Zhen Yang State Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Process General Research Institute for Nonferrous MetalsBeijing 100088China College of Materials Science and Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252059China

In order to increase both the interfacial strength and interphase region strength between TiNi wires and shape memory epoxy,a novel interface structure including aminated CNTs was *** morphology shows that after electroplating and etching,continuous and homogeneous concave-convex layers form on the surface of astreated TiNi wires,meanwhile aminated CNTs were planted on the surface which could react with shape memory epoxy at the interface *** interfacial shear strength increases first with the CNT content rising but then a dramatic drop happens,and the maximum is obtained at CNT content of 0.6 g·L^(-1),which is about twice the result of acid etching TiNi wires.

关键词： Interfacial strength Interface structure Carbon nanotube Shape memory material Composite

Improved iterative convergence method in Q-ary LDPC coded high order PR-CPM

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2016年第3期27卷 541-548页

作者： Danfeng zhao Yanbo Sun Rui xue College of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering University

The Q-ary low-density parity-check（LDPC） coded high order partial response continuous phase modulation（PR-CPM） with double iterative loops is investigated. This scheme shows significant improvements in power and bandwidth efficiency, but at the expense of long iterative decoding delay and computational complexity induced by the improper match between the demodulator and the decoder. To address this issue, the convergence behavior of Q-ary LDPC coded CPM is investigated for the Q=2 and Q〉2 cases, and an optimized design method based on the extrinsic information transfer chart is proposed to improve the systematic iterative efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve a perfect tradeoff between iterative decoding delay and bit error rate performance to satisfy real-time applications.

关键词： iterative detection convergence low-density paritycheck(LDPC) code continuous phase modulation(CPM) extrinsic information transfer chart

Peridynamics versus XFEM:a comparative study for quasistatic crack problems

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 548-557页

Peridynamics (PD) is a nonlocal continuum theory based on integro-differential equations without spatial derivatives. The fracture criterion is implicitly incorporated in the PD theory and fracture is a natural outcome of the simulation. However, capturing of complex mixed-mode crack patterns has been proven to be difficult with PD. On the other hand, the extended finite element method (XFEM) is one of the most popular methods for fracture which allows crack propagation with minimal remeshing. It requires a fracture criterion which is independent of the underlying discretization though a certain refinement is needed in order to obtain suitable results. This article presents a comparative study between XFEM and PD. Therefore, two examples are studied. The first example is crack propagation in a double notched specimen under uniaxial tension with different crack spacings in loading direction. The second example is the specimens with two center cracks. The results show that PD as well as XFEM are well suited to capture this type of behaviour.

关键词： XFEM peridynamic bilateral crack parallel double cracks nonlocal theory