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Enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction in FePt film with remanence due to decrease in domain walls

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1108-1115页

作者： Hong Hong dong-xue Liu Jun Li Jun-Ming Li Li-Qian Wu Bo Yang Qing-Qi cao Dun-Hui Wang National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresJiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for NanotechnologySchool of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Material Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China

As an effective strategy to improve the properties of electrocatalysts,magnetic field-assisted electrocatalytic water splitting has attracted increasing attention recently.However,the corresponding enhancements mostly depend on the exertion of an external magnetic field during electrochemical reactions,which results in a high cost of industrial production,and makes the magnetic field manipulation of electrocatalysis become a challenging task.In this work,instead of the external magnetic field,a bias magnetic field is self-supplied by the remanence state of a ferromagnetic electrocatalyst of FePt.Owing to the assistance of this bias magnetic field,the FePt film in the remanence state shows the overpotential of 229 mV during hydrogen evolution reaction,which is much lower than that in its demagnetization state(283 mV).Our findings demonstrate that the remanence in ferromagnetic electrocatalysts can improve the catalytic performance,which is attributed to the decrease in domain walls.

关键词： Remanence Magnetic domains Electrocatalysis Hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)

MTCR-CR Routing Strategy for Connection-Oriented Routing over Satellite Networks

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 280-296页

作者： Li Changhao Sun xue Yan Lei cao Suzhi The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094China Key Laboratory of Space Utilization Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China

The high-speed movement of satellites makes it not feasible to directly apply the mature routing scheme on the ground to the satellite network.DT-DVTR in the snapshot-based connectionoriented routing strategy is one of the representative solutions,but it still has room for improvement in terms of routing stability.In this paper,we propose an improved scheme for connection-oriented routing strategy named the Minimal Topology Change Routing based on Collaborative Rules(MTCR-CR).The MTCR-CR uses continuous time static topology snapshots based on satellite status to search for intersatellite link(ISL)construction solutions that meet the minimum number of topology changes to avoid route oscillations.The simulation results in Beidou-3 show that compared with DT-DVTR,MTCR-CR reduces the number of routing changes by about 92%,the number of path changes caused by routing changes is about38%,and the rerouting time is reduced by approximately 47%.At the same time,in order to show our algorithm more comprehensively,the same experimental index test was also carried out on the Globalstar satellite constellation.

关键词： ISL routing stability satellite networks satellite routing dynamic strategy

Therapeutic cancer vaccines:advancements,challenges,and prospects

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 150-172页

作者： Ting Fan Mingna Zhang Jingxian Yang Zhounan Zhu Wanlu cao Chunyan dong Department of Oncology East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Postgraduate Training Base Shanghai East HospitalJinzhou Medical UniversityShanghai 200120China

With the development and regulatory approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies,cancer immunotherapy has undergone a profound transformation over the past decades.Recently,therapeutic cancer vaccines have shown promise by eliciting de novo T cell responses targeting tumor antigens,including tumor-associated antigens and tumor-specific antigens.The objective was to amplify and diversify the intrinsic repertoire of tumor-specific T cells.However,the complete realization of these capabilities remains an ongoing pursuit.Therefore,we provide an overview of the current landscape of cancer vaccines in this review.The range of antigen selection,antigen delivery systems development the strategic nuances underlying effective antigen presentation have pioneered cancer vaccine design.Furthermore,this review addresses the current status of clinical trials and discusses their strategies,focusing on tumor-specific immunogenicity and anti-tumor efficacy assessment.However,current clinical attempts toward developing cancer vaccines have not yielded breakthrough clinical outcomes due to significant challenges,including tumor immune microenvironment suppression,optimal candidate identification,immune response evaluation,and vaccine manufacturing acceleration.Therefore,the field is poised to overcome hurdles and improve patient outcomes in the future by acknowledging these clinical complexities and persistently striving to surmount inherent constraints.

关键词： breakthrough approval overcome

Electromechanical Transient Modeling Analysis of Large-Scale New Energy Grid Connection

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Energy Engineering 2024年第4期121卷 1109-1125页

作者： Shichao cao Yonggang dong Xiaoying Liu Department of Electrical Engineering Hebei Vocational University of Technology and EngineeringXingtai054000China

The synchronous virtual machine uses inverter power to imitate the performance of the conventional synchronous machine.It also has the same inertia,damping,frequency,voltage regulation,and other external performance as the generator.It is the key technology to realize new energy grid connections’stable and reliable operation.This project studies a dynamic simulation model of an extensive new energy power system based on the virtual synchronous motor.A new energy storage method is proposed.The mathematical energy storage model is established by combining the fixed rotor model of a synchronous virtual machine with the charge-discharge power,state of charge,operation efficiency,dead zone,and inverter constraint.The rapid conversion of energy storage devices absorbs the excess instantaneous kinetic energy caused by interference.The branch transient of the critical cut set in the system can be confined to a limited area.Thus,the virtual synchronizer’s kinetic and potential energy can be efficiently converted into an instantaneous state.The simulation of power system analysis software package(PSASP)verifies the correctness of the theory and algorithm in this paper.This paper provides a theoretical basis for improving the transient stability of new energy-connected power grids.

关键词： New energy grid connection transient electromechanical modeling synchronous virtual machine PSASP software energy storage

Graphene from microwave-initiated upcycling of waste polyethylene for electrocatalytic reduction of chloramphenicol

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 187-192页

作者： Qiang cao xue-Feng Cheng Jia Wang Chang Zhou Liu-Jun Yang Guan Wang dong-Yun Chen Jing-Hui He Jian-Mei Lu College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceCollaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and TechnologySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Waste polyolefin plastics, accounting for 50% of all plastic waste, represent a tremendously unexploited carbon source. Efficiently upcycling polyolefin waste into value-added carbon materials for waste water treatment avoiding using noble metals is challenging but economically and environmentally sustainable. In this work, MAX-Ti_(3)AlC_(2) supported Fe selectively catalyzes polyolefin into few-layered graphene in 5 min under microwave treatment. Graphene and MAX supported Fe(Fe@MLC) can completely(99.9%)degrade chloramphenicol(CAP) within 60 min, retain robust after 10 cycles and work efficiently at a wide p H range(3.87–13.03), avoiding the usage of noble metal. Moreover, the electrochemical active surface area(ECSA) of Fe@MLC is 2.7 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. This work provides a cheap and efficient catalyst that promotes deconstruction of plastic wastes and indirectly degrades antibiotics thereby realizes the treatment of waste water with waste plastic.

关键词： Microwave Ti_(3)AlC_(2) Electrochemistry Dechlorination Chloramphenicol

A near-zero quiescent power breeze wake-up anemometer based on a rolling-bearing triboelectric nanogenerator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 241-249页

作者： Xianpeng Fu Zhichao Jiang Jie cao Zefang dong Guoxu Liu Meiling Zhu Chi Zhang CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing101400China School of Nanoscience and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Center on Nanoenergy Research Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems IntegrationSchool of Physical Science&TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical ScienceUniversity of ExeterExeterEX44QFUK

Wind sensors have always played an irreplaceable role in environmental information monitoring and are expected to operate with lower power consumption to extend service lifetime.Here,we propose a breeze wake-up anemometer(B-WA)based on a rolling-bearing triboelectric nanogenerator(RB-TENG)with extremely low static power.The B-WA consists of two RB-TENGs,a self-waking-up module(SWM),a signal processing module(SPM),and a wireless transmission unit.The two RB-TENGs are employed for system activation and wind-speed sensing.Once the ambient wind-speed exceeds 2 m/s,the wake TENG(W-TENG)and the SWM can wake up the system within 0.96 s.At the same time,the SPM starts to calculate the signal frequency from the measured TENG(M-TENG)to monitor the wind speed with a sensitivity of 9.45 Hz/(m/s).After the wind stops,the SWM can switch off the B-WA within 0.52 s to decrease the system energy loss.In quiescent on-duty mode,the operating power of the B-WA is less than 30 nW,which can greatly extend the service lifetime of the B-WA.By integrating triboelectric devices and rolling bearings,this work has realized an ultralow quiescent power and self-waked-up wireless wind-speed monitoring system,which has foreseeable applications in remote weather monitoring,IoT nodes,and so on.

关键词： generator power service

Targeting oxidative stress with natural products: A novel strategy for esophageal cancer therapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第2期16卷 287-299页

作者： Fang cao Han-Ling Zhang Cui Guo xue-Liang Xu Qiang Yuan Department of Rehabilitation III Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610072Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Chongqing Fuling District Maternal and Child Health HospitalChongqing 408000China Department of Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610072Sichuan ProvinceChina

Esophageal cancer(ESC)is a malignant tumor that originates from the mucosal epithelium of the esophagus and is part of the digestive tract.Although the exact pathogenesis of ESC has not been fully elucidated,excessive oxidative stress is an important characteristic that leads to the development of many cancers.Abnormal expression of several proteins and transcription factors contributes to oxidative stress in ESCs,which alters the growth and proliferation of ESCs and promotes their metastasis.Natural compounds,including alkaloids,terpenes,polyphenols,and xanthine compounds,can inhibit reactive oxygen species production in ESCs.These compounds reduce oxidative stress levels and subsequently inhibit the oc-currence and progression of ESC through the regulation of targets and pathways such as the cytokine interleukins 6 and 10,superoxide dismutase,the NF-+ACY-kappa+ADs-B/MAPK pathway,and the mammalian Nrf2/ARE target pathway.Thus,targeting tumor oxidative stress has become a key focus in anti-ESC therapy.This review discusses the potential of Natural products(NPs)for treating ESCs and summarizes the application prospects of oxidative stress as a new target for ESC treatment.The findings of this review provide a reference for drug development targeting ESCs.Nonetheless,further high-quality studies will be necessary to determine the clinical efficacy of these various NPs.

关键词： Oxidative stress Natural products Esophageal cancer Reactive oxygen species

Stomatal dynamics are regulated by leaf hydraulic traits and guard cell anatomy in nine true mangrove species

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 395-405页

作者： Ya-dong Qie Qi-Wei Zhang Scott A.M.McAdam Kun-Fang cao State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541001China Purdue Center for Plant Biology Department of Botany and Plant PathologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Stomatal regulation is critical for mangroves to survive in the hyper-saline intertidal zone where water stress is severe and water availability is highly fluctuant.However,very little is known about the stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit(VPD)in mangroves,and its co-ordination with stomatal morphology and leaf hydraulic traits.We measured the stomatal response to a step increase in VPD in situ,stomatal anatomy,leaf hydraulic vulnerability and pressure-volume traits in nine true mangrove species of five families and collected the data of genome size.We aimed to answer two questions:(1)Does stomatal morphology influence stomatal dynamics in response to a high VPD in mangroves?with a consideration of possible influence of genome size on stomatal morphology;and(2)do leaf hydraulic traits influence stomatal sensitivity to VPD in mangroves?We found that the stomata of mangrove plants were highly sensitive to a step rise in VPD and the stomatal responses were directly affected by stomatal anatomy and hydraulic traits.Smaller,denser stomata was correlated with faster stomatal closure at high VPD across the species of Rhizophoraceae,and stomata size negatively and vein density positively correlated with genome size.Less negative leaf osmotic pressure at the full turgor(πo)was related to higher operating steady-state stomatal conductance(gs);and a higher leaf capacitance(Cleaf)and more embolism resistant leaf xylem were associated with slower stomatal responses to an increase in VPD.In addition,stomatal responsiveness to VPD was indirectly affected by leaf morphological traits,which were affected by site salinity and consequently leaf water status.Our results demonstrate that mangroves display a unique relationship between genome size,stomatal size and vein packing,and that stomatal responsiveness to VPD is regulated by leaf hydraulic traits and stomatal morphology.Our work provides a quantitative framework to better understand of stomatal regulation in mangroves in an environment with high salinity and dynami

关键词： Stomatal temporal kinetics Vapour-pressure deficit(VPD) Leaf water relations Leaf hydraulic vulnerability Leaf osmotic potential Genome size

Expression and Characterization of a Novelλ-Carrageenase Cgl150A_Wa from Wenyingzhuangia aestuarii

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 209-215页

作者： SUN Yuhao cao Siqi ZHANG Yuying xue Changhu XIAO Hang CHANG Yaoguang College of Food Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Marine Life Research Center Laoshan National LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Department of Food Science University of Massachusetts AmherstMA 01003United States

λ-Carrageenan is a highly sulfated polysaccharide alternating of 1,4-O-α-D-galactopyranose-2,6-sulfate(D2S,6S)and 1,3-O-β-D-galactopyranose-2-sulfate(G2S).λ-Carrageenases are desirable tools forλ-carrageenan degradation.Based on the genome mining,a novelλ-carrageenase Cgl150A_Wa was cloned from the bacterium Wenyingzhuangia aestuarii and expressed in Escherichia coli.Cgl150A_Wa was an endo-acting enzyme and exhibited its maximum activity at 30℃and pH 8.0.By employing a glycomics strategy that combined ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis and glycoinformatics,Cgl150A_Wa was proven to degradeλ-carrageenan octaose and hexaose,and the major hydrolysis product of Cgl150A_Wa wasλ-carrageenan tetrose.In addition to the typicalλ-carrageenan motifs,the active center of Cgl150A_Wa might tolerate desulfatedλ-carrageenan motifs.Cgl150A_Wa is a potential biotechnological tool for preparingλ-carrageenan oligosaccharides and structural investigation.

关键词： carrageenan λ-carrageenase LC-MS oligosaccharide GH150