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Fast and furious:insights of back splicing regulation during nascent RNA synthesis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2021年第7期64卷 1050-1061页

作者： Wei xue xu-Kai Ma Li Yang CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Alternative splicing of eukaryotic precursor(messenger)RNAs in the nucleus not only increases transcriptomic complexity,but also expands proteomic and functional diversity.In addition to basic types of alternative splicing,recent transcriptome-wide analyses have also suggested other new types of non-canonical splicing,such as back splicing and recursive splicing,and their widespread expression across species.Increasing lines of evidence have suggested mechanisms for back splicing,including insights from analyses of nascent RNA sequencing.In this review,we discuss our current understanding of back splicing regulation,and highlight its distinct characteristics in processing during nascent RNA synthesis by taking advantage of metabolic tagging nascent RNA sequencing.Features of recursive splicing are also discussed in the perspective of nascent RNA sequencing.

关键词： alternative splicing back splicing deep sequencing nascent RNA-seq metabolic tagging 4sUDRB-seq transcription recursive splicing

Comparison of the hygrothermal performance of two light-framed timber structure buildings under different operation modes

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第1期25卷 18-35页

作者： Wanqing xu Yucong xue Jiang LU Yifan FAN Xiaoyu LUO College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China International Research center for Green Building and Low-Carbon City International CampusZhejiang UniversityJiaxing314400China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou310023China

Light-framed timber structure(LTS)buildings have been highly valued in recent years due to their low-carbon characteristics.However,the applicability of the building envelope is closely related to indoor and outdoor conditions.The hot summer and cold winter(HSCW)climate zone in China has high humidity and great temperature variation throughout the year,resulting in distinct outdoor environments in different seasons.The indoor environment is greatly affected by energy-consumption patterns and window-opening habits,which largely depend upon the regulation operations of occupants.All these interrelated factors lead to extremely complex boundary conditions on each side of the building envelope.Whether the structures of LTS buildings are applicable in this climate zone,therefore,needs to be carefully considered.In this study,two LTS buildings with different envelopes were established in Haining,China,situated in the HSCW climate zone,and selected as the study objects.Different operation modes were adopted to create a variety of indoor environments.Under each condition,the processes of heat and moisture transfer within the building envelopes and the indoor environment were monitored and compared.The comparison indicated that the building envelope with high moisture storage and insulation ability maintained a relatively stable indoor environment,especially when the environment changed abruptly.Conversely,if the outdoor environment was equable(e.g.,relative humidity within the range of 30%–60%)or intermittent energy consumption modes were adopted,the building envelope with a low thermal inertia index and weak moisture-buffering ability performed better because it enabled a faster response of the indoor environment to air conditioning.Moreover,a high risk of moisture accumulation between the thermal insulation layer and other materials with a large water vapour transfer resistance factor was also identified,suggesting a higher requirement for the vapour insulation of the envelopes of LTS buildings.

关键词： Light-framed timber structure(LTS)buildings In-situ experiment Typical operation mode Indoor environment Heatand moisture transfer

Quantum sensing of control errors in three-level systems by coherent control techniques

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第4期66卷 37-48页

作者： Hang xu xue-Ke Song Dong Wang Liu Ye School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

The quantum coherent control of a quantum system with high fidelity is rather important in quantum computation and quantum information processing.Many control techniques are used to reach these targets,such as resonant excitation,adiabatic passages,shortcuts to adiabaticity,and composite pulses.However,for a single pulse to realize population transfer,a tiny external error has a slight influence on the final population.The repeated application of the same pulse will greatly amplify the error efect,making it easy to be detected.Here,we propose to measure small control errors in three-level quantum systems through a coherent amplification of their efects using several coherent control techniques.For the two types of Hamiltonian with an SU(2)dynamic symmetry,we analyze how the fidelity of the population transfer is afected by the Rabi frequency error and static detuning deviation based on the pulse sequence with alternating and same phases,respectively.The results show that the sensitivity of detecting these errors can be efectively amplified by control pulse sequences.Furthermore,we discuss the efficiency of sensing the two errors with the control techniques by comparing the full width at half maximum of the population profiles.The results provide an accurate and reliable way for detecting the weak error in three-level quantum systems by repeatedly applying the coherent control pulse.

关键词： atom lasers sensor multiphoton processes Raman lasers

Identity-Preserving Adversarial Training for Robust Network Embedding

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第1期39卷 177-191页

作者：岑科廷沈华伟曹婍徐冰冰程学旗 Data Intelligence System Research center Institute of Computing TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101480China Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100000China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Network embedding,as an approach to learning low-dimensional representations of nodes,has been proved extremely useful in many applications,e.g.,node classification and link prediction.Unfortunately,existing network embed-ding models are vulnerable to random or adversarial perturbations,which may degrade the performance of network em-bedding when being applied to downstream tasks.To achieve robust network embedding,researchers introduce adversari-al training to regularize the embedding learning process by training on a mixture of adversarial examples and original ex-amples.However,existing methods generate adversarial examples heuristically,failing to guarantee the imperceptibility of generated adversarial examples,and thus limit the power of adversarial training.In this paper,we propose a novel method Identity-Preserving Adversarial Training(IPAT)for network embedding,which generates imperceptible adversarial exam-ples with explicit identity-preserving regularization.We formalize such identity-preserving regularization as a multi-class classification problem where each node represents a class,and we encourage each adversarial example to be discriminated as the class of its original node.Extensive experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate that our proposed IPAT method significantly improves the robustness of network embedding models and the generalization of the learned node representations on various downstream tasks.

关键词： network embedding identity-preserving adversarial training adversarial the example

A stretchable fabric as strain sensor integrating electromagnetic shielding and electrochemical energy storage

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Nano Research 2023年第11期16卷 12753-12761页

作者： xu Li Xiaohui Sun Jiuyue Zhang Song xue Linjie Zhi Advanced Chemical Engineering and Energy Materials Research center China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China College of New Energy China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China

Multifunctional intelligent fabric plays an integral role in health management,human–machine interaction,wireless energy storage and conversion,and many other artificial intelligence fields.Herein,we demonstrate a newly developed MXene/polyaniline(PANI)multifunctional fabric integrated with strain sensing,electrochemical energy storage,and electromagnetic shielding properties.The multifunctional fabric-based strain sensor possesses a real-time signal response at a sizeable tensile strain of 100%with a minute strain of 0.5%,maintaining a stable and consistent signal response even after 3000 stretch–release cycles.In addition,the multifunctional fabric exhibits excellent electromagnetic shielding capabilities,achieving a total shielding effectiveness value of up to 43 dB,and in the meantime shows attractive electrochemical energy storage performance as an electrode in a supercapacitor,offering a maximum specific capacity and energy density of 522.5 mF·cm^(−2)and 18.16μWh·cm^(−2),respectively.Such a multifunctional intelligent fabric offers versatile opportunities to develop smart clothes for various artificial intelligent applications.

关键词： strain sensor MXene polyaniline(PANI) multifunctional intelligent fabric electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding electrochemical energy storage

超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间高分辨质谱用于太平洋鳕鱼脂质轮廓分析

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分析化学 2020年第7期48卷 903-911页

作者：蓝皓慧王昕岑张晓梅张鸿伟丛培旭徐杰薛长湖中国海洋大学食品科学与工程学院青岛海关技术中心

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间高分辨质谱（UPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS）分析脂质轮廓的方法。色谱柱选用ACQUITY UPLC CSH C;柱（150 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7μm）,流动相A为乙腈-水（65∶35,V/V）,流动相B为异丙醇-乙腈（85∶15,V/V）... 详细信息

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间高分辨质谱（UPLC-Triple TOF-MS/MS）分析脂质轮廓的方法。色谱柱选用ACQUITY UPLC CSH C;柱（150 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7μm）,流动相A为乙腈-水（65∶35,V/V）,流动相B为异丙醇-乙腈（85∶15,V/V）,两者均含5 mmol/L甲酸铵和0.1%甲酸;质谱采用IDA自动二级扫描模式。13类脂质标准品在一定浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数（R;）均大于0.995,检出限（LOD）为0.001～0.25μmol/L,定量限（LOQ）为0.0025～0.2μmol/L,相对标准偏差（RSD）均小于10%,大部分标准品的回收率大于80%。采用氯仿-甲醇（2∶1,V/V）提取太平洋鳕鱼肌肉组织中的脂质,共鉴定出498个脂质分子种类,包括255个磷脂、52个鞘脂、191个甘油酯,主要亚类分别为磷脂酰乙醇胺、鞘磷脂、甘油二酯。本方法具有高灵敏、高分辨和高通量等优点,可用于太平洋鳕鱼脂质轮廓的分析,为脂质组学在水产品领域中的应用奠定了方法学基础。

关键词：脂质轮廓超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间高分辨质谱磷脂鞘脂太平洋鳕鱼

Impact–sliding fretting tribocorrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel in solution with different halide concentrations

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摩擦:英文版 2023年第12期11卷 2310-2328页

作者： xu MA Wei TAN Remy BONZOM xue MI Guorui ZHU School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University Ningbo 315201China Electricitéde France R&D Materials and Mechanics of Components DepartmentMoret sur Loing 77818France Nuclear Power Institute of China Chengdu 610044China

Impact–sliding caused by random vibrations between tubes and supports can affect the operation of heat exchangers.In addition,a corrosive environment can cause damage,accelerating the synergism of corrosion and wear.Therefore,the focus of this work was the impact–sliding fretting tribocorrosion behavior of 316L heat exchanger tubes at different halide concentrations.A device system incorporating the in situ electrochemical measurements of impact–sliding fretting corrosion wear was constructed,and experiments on 316L heat exchanger tubes in sodium chloride(NaCl)solution with different concentrations(0.0,0.1,0.5,1.0,3.5,and 5.0 wt%)were carried out.The synergism between wear and corrosion was also calculated and analyzed.The wear and damage mechanisms were elucidated by correlating the corrosion–wear synergism,morphologies,and material loss rates.The results indicated that the stable wear stage occurred at approximately 9–12 h,after which the corrosion current increased with the expansion of the wear area.As the halide concentration increased,the scale of damage on the wear scars gradually decreased,changing from being dominated by cracks,delaminations,and grooves to being dominated by scratches,microgrooves,and holes.There was an obvious positive synergism between wear and corrosion.The material loss was dominated by pure mechanical wear and wear enhanced by corrosion,but corrosion enhanced by wear contributed more than tangential sliding fretting corrosion.The total mass loss increased gradually in the range of 0.0–0.5 wt%and decreased in the range of 0.5–5.0 wt%.Large-scale damage enhanced by corrosivity and small-scale damage reduced by lubricity dominated the material loss at low and high concentrations,respectively.

关键词： impact-sliding fretting wear tribocorrosion halide concentration 316L stainless steel

Rapamycin in fibrotic diseases： beneficial or detrimental agent？

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第7期126卷 1364-1369页

作者： xu xue-feng Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100020 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine Beijing 100020 China

apamvcin was first isolated from a strain of Sreptomyces hygroscopicus in the early 1970s froma soil sample taken on Easter Island. Because the antiproliferative effects of rapamycin on yeast cell, as well as B and T lymphocytes, it was first identified as an antimicrobial agent with potent immunosuppressive activity and has been used in antirejection therapy.

关键词： fibrotic disease rapamycin mammalian target of rapaymycin negative feedback loop antifibrogenesis

Coordinated shift control of nonsynchronizer transmission for electric vehicles based on dynamic tooth alignment

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021年第4期16卷 887-900页

作者： Xiaotong xu Yutao LUO xue HAO School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Automotive Engineering Guangzhou 510641China

Multispeed transmissions can enhance the dynamics and economic performance of electric vehicles(EVs),but the coordinated control of the drive motor and gear shift mechanism during gear shifting is still a difficult challenge because gear shifting may cause discomfort to the occupants.To improve the swiftness of gear shifting,this paper proposes a coordinated shift control method based on the dynamic tooth alignment(DTA)algorithm for nonsynchronizer automated mechanical transmissions(NSAMTs)of EVs.After the speed difference between the sleeve(SL)and target dog gear is reduced to a certain value by speed synchronization,angle synchronization is adopted to synchronize the SL quickly to the target tooth slofs angular position predicted by the DTA.A two-speed planetary NS AMT is taken as an example to carry out comparative simulations and bench experiments.Results show that gear shifting duration and maximum jerk are reduced under the shift control with the proposed method,which proves the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated shift control method with DTA.

关键词： electric vehicle nonsynchronizer automated mechanical transmission(NSAMT) planetary gear coordinated shift control dynamic tooth alignment