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Cell polarization in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and advances

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 632-645页

作者： Yuanwei li Xiaoxiao Xu xuan Wu Jiarui li Shiling Chen Danyang Chen Gaigai li Zhouping Tang Department of Neurology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and disability rates. Since the inflammation and immune response play a central role in driving ischemic damage, it becomes essential to modulate excessive inflammatory reactions to promote cell survival and facilitate tissue repair around the injury site. Various cell types are involved in the inflammatory response, including microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils, each exhibiting distinct phenotypic profiles upon stimulation. They display either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory states, a phenomenon known as ‘cell polarization.’ There are two cell polarization therapy strategies. The first involves inducing cells into a neuroprotective phenotype in vitro, then reintroducing them autologously. The second approach utilizes small molecular substances to directly affect cells in vivo. In this review, we elucidate the polarization dynamics of the three reactive cell populations(microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils) in the context of ischemic stroke, and provide a comprehensive summary of the molecular mechanisms involved in their phenotypic switching. By unraveling the complexity of cell polarization, we hope to offer insights for future research on neuroinflammation and novel therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.

关键词： astrocyte polarization immune regulation inflammation ischemic injury microglia polarization neutrophil polarization signaling pathways stroke

Malignant glaucoma treated by low-dose laser cycloplasty: a 1-year multicenter prospective noncomparative study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1248-1254页

作者： Hai-Shuang lin Xiao-Ping Xu xuan-li zheng Ji-Bing Wang Su-Jie Fan Zuo-HongWu Su-Mian Cheng li-Jun Zhao Qin-Hua Cai Shao-Dan Zhang Shan-Shan liu Ai-Guo Lyu Ying Zhang Hong Chen Dan-Ni Jiang Wu-liang li Nathan Congdon Clement C Tham Ming-Guang He Yuan-Bo liang the Malignant Glaucoma TreatmentTrial Study(MGTT)Group Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina Ningbo Eye Hospital Ningbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Weifang Eye Hospital Weifang 261000Shandong ProvinceChina Handan Eye Hospital Handan 056000Hebei ProvinceChina Aier Eye Hospital(Wuhan) Wuhan 430061Hubei ProvinceChina Hebei Eye Hospital Xingtai 054001Hebei ProvinceChina The Third People’s Hospital of Dalian Dalian 116033Liaoning ProvinceChina First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University Suzhou 215031Jiangsu ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina Glaucoma Research Institute Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027Zhejiang ProvinceChina Centre for Public Health Queen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUK Orbis International New YorkUSA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Centre for Eye Research Australia University of MelbourneRoyal Victorian Eye and Ear HospitalEast Melbourne 3000VICAustralia 不详

AIM:To report a one-year clinical outcomes of low-dose laser cycloplasty(LCP)among malignant glaucoma ***:In this prospective,multicenter,noncomparative clinical study,participants with malignant glaucoma were recruited and underwent LCP at eight ophthalmic centers in *** were followed up at 1wk,1,3,6,and *** pressure(IOP),number of glaucoma medications,anterior chamber depth(ACD),and complications were *** success was defined as the reformation of the anterior chamber based on slit-lamp *** was defined by the presence of a shallow orﬂat anterior chamber after initial recovery from ***:A total of 34 eyes received *** IOP and medications decreased from 36.1±11.5 mm Hg with 3.3±1.5 glaucoma medications pre-treatment to 20.9±9.8 mm Hg(Pline to 1.7±1.0 mm and to 2.0±0.5 mm at 1d and 12mo,respectively.A total of 32(94.1%)eyes achieved initial anatomical *** follow-up,2(5.9%)eyes failed and 8(23.5%)eyes relapsed,yielding a 12-month anatomical success rate of 64.3%.Complications including anterior synechia(8.82%),choroidal/ciliary detachment(5.88%)and hypopyon(2.94%)were observed within ***:LCP is simple,safe,and effective in reforming the anterior chamber in malignant glaucoma.

关键词： anterior chamber reformation intraocular pressure low-dose laser cycloplasty malignant glaucoma anatomical success

Bowel preparation before colonoscopy: Consequences, mechanisms, and treatment of intestinal dysbiosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 13-26页

作者： Ze-Long zheng Qing-Fan zheng li-Qiang Wang Yi liu Department of Gastroenterology(Endoscopy Center) China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina

The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human *** adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy,it may interfere with the gut *** preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota,potentially affecting an individual’s health,especially in vulnerable populations,such as patients with inflammatory bowel ***,measures such as oral pro-biotics may ameliorate these adverse *** focused on the bowel prepa-ration-induced changes in the gut microbiota and host health status,hypothesized the factors influencing these changes,and attempted to identify measures that may reduce dysbiosis,thereby providing more information for individualized bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the future.

关键词： Bowel preparation Colonoscopy Microbiota Inflammatory bowel disease Probiotics

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基于滑移率的路面附着系数估计

科技视界 2014年第2期 7-8,13页

作者：李宣政重庆邮电大学汽车电子与嵌入式系统工程研究中心中国重庆400065

轮胎—路面附着系数对于车辆主动安全控制系统十分重要,如主动避撞、自适应巡航等车辆纵向安全辅助系统等,依赖于路面附着系数等车辆状态信息实时、准确的估计。本文重点分析了车辆纵向动力学模型,提出了一种针对非水平路况的路面附着... 详细信息

轮胎—路面附着系数对于车辆主动安全控制系统十分重要,如主动避撞、自适应巡航等车辆纵向安全辅助系统等,依赖于路面附着系数等车辆状态信息实时、准确的估计。本文重点分析了车辆纵向动力学模型,提出了一种针对非水平路况的路面附着系数估计算法。利用轮胎纵向力与滑移率,路面附着系数与滑移率的关系,通过递推最小二乘算法实现了路面附着系数的实时估计。最后利用Matlab/Simulink仿真环境对递推最小二乘估计算法进行了验证,仿真结果验证了算法的有效性。

关键词：路面附着系数估计滑移率轮胎纵向力仿真最小二乘法

不同荷载作用下二维硼烯的力学性能及变形破坏机理

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物理学报 2024年第11期73卷 251-262页

作者：韩同伟李选政赵泽若顾叶彤马川张小燕江苏大学土木工程与力学学院镇江212013 江苏大学化学化工学院镇江212013

二维硼烯具有丰富的物理和化学性质,在凝聚态物理和材料科学等领域引起了广泛的研究兴趣,但硼烯在不同荷载作用下的力学性能和变形破坏机理仍需进一步研究.本文采用分子动力学方法模拟了硼烯的拉伸、剪切和纳米压痕破坏过程,获得了硼烯... 详细信息

二维硼烯具有丰富的物理和化学性质,在凝聚态物理和材料科学等领域引起了广泛的研究兴趣,但硼烯在不同荷载作用下的力学性能和变形破坏机理仍需进一步研究.本文采用分子动力学方法模拟了硼烯的拉伸、剪切和纳米压痕破坏过程,获得了硼烯的关键力学性能参数,并从两种不同类型的B—B键长随应变/压入深度的变化规律分析了硼烯在不同载荷作用下的力学性能和变形破坏机理.研究发现,硼烯的拉伸力学性能表现出显著的各向异性特性,沿扶手椅方向的杨氏模量和强度远高于沿锯齿方向,而硼烯的剪切力学性能的各向异性特性不明显,产生以上现象的原因可归因于强σ键B—B键和弱多中心键的不同贡献.研究还发现,硼烯在球形和圆柱形压头载荷作用下表现出不同的力学响应规律.在球形压头载荷作用下,硼烯能承受的最大压入载荷远低于圆柱形压头的情况,而且无法测得与拉伸一致的本征力学性能参数,而采用圆柱形压头沿不同的方向压入硼烯薄膜时,硼烯也表现出与拉伸时类似的各向异性特性,并且可以测得与拉伸时一致的杨氏模量等力学性能参数.本文还研究了压痕模型尺寸与压头半径的比值、压头加载速率和加载温度等因素对硼烯力学性能参数的影响规律.以上研究结果可为基于硼烯的微/纳米机电系统的实际应用提供重要指导.

关键词：硼烯力学性能变形机理分子动力学

Influence of introducing Zr,Ti,Nb and Ce elements on externally solidified crystals and mechanical properties of high-pressure die-casting Al–Si alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 147-153页

作者： Junjie li Wenbo Yu Zhenyu Sun Weichen zheng liangwei Zhang Yanling Xue Wenning liu Shoumei Xiong Center of Materials Science and Engineering School of Mechanical and Electronic Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Traffic&Transportation Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High pressure die casting(HPDC)AlSi10Mn Mg alloy castings are widely used in the automobile *** can optimize the mechanical properties of castings through heat treatment,while the release of thermal stress arouses the deformation of large integrated ***,the development of non-heat treatment Al alloys is becoming the hot *** addition,HPDC contains externally solidified crystals(ESCs),which are detrimental to the mechanical properties of *** achieve high strength and toughness of non-heat treatment die-casting Al-Si alloy,we used AlSi9Mn alloy as matrix with the introduction of Zr,Ti,Nb,and *** influences on ESCs and mechanical properties were systematically investigated through three-dimensional reconstruction and thermodynamic *** results reveal that the addition of Ti increased ESCs'size and porosity,while the introduction of Nb refined ESCs and decreased ***,large-sized Al_3(Zr,Ti)phases formed and degraded the mechanical *** introduction of Ce resulted in the poisoning effect and reduced mechanical properties.

关键词： aluminium alloy high-pressure die-casting externally solidified crystals non-heat treatment

Development of a nomogram for overall survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma:A prospective cohort study in China

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第1期17卷 158-168页

作者： Shi-Shi Yu Xi zheng Xiao-Sheng li Qian-Jie Xu Wei Zhang Zhong-li liao Hai-Ke Lei Department of Gastroenterology Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Chongqing Cancer Multi-omics Big Data Application Engineering Research Center Chongqing University Cancer HospitalChongqing 400030China Department of Health Statistics School of Public HealthChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

BACKGROUND Esophageal carcinoma(EC)presents a significant public health issue in China,with its prognosis impacted by myriad *** creation of a reliable prog-nostic model for the overall survival(OS)of EC patients promises to greatly advance the customization of treatment *** To create a more systematic and practical model that incorporates clinically significant indicators to support decision-making in clinical *** This study utilized data from a prospective longitudinal cohort of 3127 EC patients treated at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital between January 1,2018,and December 12,*** the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression alongside multivariate Cox regression analyses helped pinpoint pertinent variables for constructing the *** efficacy was assessed by concordance index(C-index),area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),calibration curves,and decision curve analysis(DCA).RESULTS Nine variables were determined to be significant predictors of OS in EC patients:Body mass index(BMI),Karnofsky performance status,TNM stage,surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,immunotherapy,platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio,and albumin-to-globulin ratio(ALB/GLB).The model demonstrated a C-index of 0.715(95%CI:0.701-0.729)in the training cohort and 0.711(95%CI:0.689-0.732)in the validation *** the training cohort,AUCs for 1-year,3-year,and 5-year OS predictions were 0.773,0.787,and 0.750,respectively;in the validation cohort,they were 0.772,0.768,and 0.723,respectively,illustrating the model's *** curves and DCA verified the model's predictive accuracy and net *** A novel prognostic model for determining the OS of EC patients was successfully developed and validated to help clinicians in devising individualized treatment schemes for EC patients.

关键词： Esophageal carcinoma High-risk factors Prognosis Overall survival Prediction model

Peripheral blood RNA biomarkers can predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1764-1775页

作者： Zhenzhong zheng Jialin Chen Jinghong Xu Bin Jiang Lei li Yawei li Yuliang Dai Bing Wang Department of Spine Surgery The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Degenerative cervical myelopathy is a common cause of spinal cord injury,with longer symptom duration and higher myelopathy severity indicating a worse *** numerous studies have investigated serological biomarkers for acute spinal cord injury,few studies have explored such biomarkers for diagnosing degenerative cervical *** study involved 30 patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy(51.3±7.3 years old,12 women and 18 men),seven healthy controls(25.7±1.7 years old,one woman and six men),and nine patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(51.9±8.6 years old,three women and six men).Analysis of blood samples from the three groups showed clear differences in transcriptomic *** analysis identified 128 differentially expressed genes that were enriched in patients with neurological *** least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis,we constructed a five-gene model(TBCD,TPM2,PNKD,EIF4G2,and AP5Z1)to diagnose degenerative cervical myelopathy with an accuracy of 93.5%.One-gene models(TCAP and SDHA)identified mild and severe degenerative cervical myelopathy with accuracies of 83.3%and 76.7%,*** of two immune cell types(memory B cells and memory-activated CD4^(+)T cells)predicted levels of lesions in degenerative cervical myelopathy with 80%*** results suggest that peripheral blood RNA biomarkers could be used to predict lesion severity in degenerative cervical myelopathy.

关键词： biomarkers candidate genes degenerative cervical myelopathy gene expression analysis immune cell types neurological disabilities peripheral blood RNA profiles spinal cord injury

Small extracellular vesicles derived from cerebral endothelial cells with elevated microRNA 27a promote ischemic stroke recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 224-233页

作者： Yi Zhang Zhongwu liu Michael Chopp Michael Millman Yanfeng li Pasquale Cepparulo Amy Kemper Chao li li Zhang zheng Gang Zhang Department of Neurology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Department of Physics Oakland UniversityRochesterMIUSA Department of Pathology Henry Ford HospitalDetroitMIUSA Division of Pharmacology Department of NeuroscienceReproductive and Dentistry SciencesSchool of MedicineUniversity of Naples“Federico Ⅱ”NaplesItaly

Axonal remodeling is a critical aspect of ischemic brain repair processes and contributes to spontaneous functional *** previous in vitro study demonstrated that exosomes/small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)isolated from cerebral endothelial cells(CEC-sEVs)of ischemic brain promote axonal growth of embryonic cortical neurons and that microRNA 27a(miR-27a)is an elevated miRNA in ischemic *** the present study,we investigated whether normal CEC-sEVs engineered to enrich their levels of miR-27a(27a-sEVs)further enhance axonal growth and improve neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke when compared with treatment with non-engineered CEC-sEVs.27a-sEVs were isolated from the conditioned medium of healthy mouse CECs transfected with a lentiviral miR-27a expression *** EVs isolated from CECs transfected with a scramble vector(Scra-sEVs)were used as a *** male mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and then were randomly treated with 27a-sEVs or *** array of behavior assays was used to measure neurological *** with treatment of ischemic stroke with Scra-sEVs,treatment with 27a-sEVs significantly augmented axons and spines in the peri-infarct zone and in the corticospinal tract of the spinal grey matter of the denervated side,and significantly improved neurological *** vitro studies demonstrated that CEC-sEVs carrying reduced miR-27a abolished 27a-sEV-augmented axonal *** analysis revealed that 27a-sEVs systemically administered preferentially localized to the pre-synaptic active zone,while quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot analysis showed elevated miR-27a,and reduced axonal inhibitory proteins Semaphorin 6A and Ras Homolog Family Member A in the peri-infarct *** of the Clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway substantially reduced neuronal internalization of *** data provide evidence that 27a-sEVs have

关键词： axonal remodeling cerebral endothelial cells exosomes miR-27a mitochondria Semaphorin 6A small extracellular vesicles stroke