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The gut microbiome modulate response to immunotherapy in cancer

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Shan-Shan Jiang Zi-Ran Kang ying-xuan Chen Jing-Yuan Fang Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Gut microbiota have been reported to play an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. Currently, clinical studies have identified specific gut microbiota and its metabolites associated with efficacy of immunotherapy in multiple types of *** investigations have elucidated that gut microbiota modulate the antitumor immunity and affect the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Certain microbiota and its metabolites may favorably remodel the tumor microenvironment by engaging innate and/or adaptive immune cells. Understanding how the gut microbiome interacts with cancer immunotherapy opens new avenues for improving treatment strategies. Fecal microbial transplants, probiotics, dietary interventions, and other strategies targeting the microbiota have shown promise in preclinical studies to enhance the immunotherapy. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating these approaches. This review presents the recent advancements in understanding the dynamic interplay among the host immunity, the microbiome, and cancer immunotherapy, as well as strategies for modulating the microbiome, with a view to translating into clinical applications.

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The effect of fasting plasma glucose on in-hospital mortality after acute myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes:findings from a prospective,nationwide,and multicenter registry

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第5期21卷 523-533页

作者： Rui FU ying-xuan ZHU Kong-Yong CUI Jin-Gang YANG Hai-Yan XU Dong YIN Wei-Hua SONG Hong-Jian WANG Cheng-Gang ZHU Lei FENG Wei WU Kai-HongCHEN Yan-Yan ZHAO Ye LU Ke-Fei DOU Yue-Jin YANG on behalf of the CAMI Registry Investigators Cardiometabolic Medicine Center Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseNational Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Medical Research&Biometrics Center Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Coronary Heart Disease Center Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseNational Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Department of Cardiology Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medical College First Affiliated HospitalGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Cardiology Longyan Hospital First HospitalFujian ProvinceChina 不详

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the predictive value of fasting plasma glucose(FPG)for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)with different glucose metabolism *** We selected 5,308 participants with AMI from the prospective,nationwide,multicenter CAMI registry,of which 2,081 were diabetic and 3,227 were *** were divided into high FPG and low FPG groups according to the optim-al cutoff values of FPG to predict in-hospital mortality for diabetic and nondiabetic cohorts,*** primary endpoint was in-hospital *** Overall,94 diabetic patients(4.5%)and 131 nondiabetic patients(4.1%)died during hospitalization,and the optimal FPG thresholds for predicting in-hospital death of the two cohorts were 13.2 mmol/L and 6.4 mmol/L,*** with individuals who had low FPG,those with high FPG were significantly associated with higher in-hospital mortality in diabet-ic cohort(10.1%vs.2.8%;odds ratio[OR]=3.862,95%confidence interval[CI]:2.542-5.869)and nondiabetic cohort(7.4%vs.1.7%;HR=4.542,95%CI:3.041-6.782).After adjusting the potential confounders,this significant association was not ***-more,FPG as a continuous variable was positively associated with in-hospital mortality in single-variable and multivariable models regardless of diabetic *** FPG to the original model showed a significant improvement in C-statistic and net reclassification in diabetic and nondiabetic *** This large-scale registry indicated that there is a strong positive association between FPG and in-hospital mor-tality in AMI patients with and without *** might be useful to stratify patients with AMI.

关键词： patients fasting infarction

The central limit theorem and chaos

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2009年第2期24卷 230-236页

作者： NIU ying-xuan Department of Mathematics and Physics Wanxi College Lu＇an 237012 China

Let X be a compact metric space studies some relationships between stochastic and f ： X→ X be a continuous map. This paper and topological properties of dynamical systems. It is shown that if f satisfies the central limit theorem, then f is topologically ergodic and / is sensitively dependent on initial conditions if and only if / is neither minimal nor equicontinuous.

关键词： the central limit theorem topologically ergodic sensitive dependence on initial conditions min- imal equicontinuous

基于GA-BP神经网络的多无人艇协同作战效能评估

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舰船科学技术 2024年第1期46卷 109-114页

作者：王翀倪海参王赢旋黄炳涛中国舰船研究院北京100101 哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院黑龙江哈尔滨150001

在现代化海战中,多无人艇协同作战作为新的作战形式,对其作战效能进行科学准确的评估十分重要。针对多无人艇系统协同作战的特点,结合ADC方法和OODA决策链建立协同作战效能评估指标体系。考虑传统评估方法具有过于依赖专家经验的缺点,引... 详细信息

在现代化海战中,多无人艇协同作战作为新的作战形式,对其作战效能进行科学准确的评估十分重要。针对多无人艇系统协同作战的特点,结合ADC方法和OODA决策链建立协同作战效能评估指标体系。考虑传统评估方法具有过于依赖专家经验的缺点,引入BP神经网络构建多无人艇协同作战评估模型,利用遗传算法(GA)对神经网络进行全局优化并对模型进行仿真验证。结果表明,该模型可有效地对多无人艇系统协同作战效能进行评估。

关键词：多无人艇系统作战效能评估指标体系神经网络

Pseudospectral method based trajectory optimization and fairing rejection time analysis of solid launch vehicle

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3198-3206页

作者： xuan ying ZHANG WeiHua ZHANG YuLin College of Aerospace and Material Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

The problem of real-time trajectory optimization for small solid launch vehicle of operational responsive space (ORS) was studied by using pseudospectral method. According to the characteristic of the trajectory design, the dynamics model was set up in the inertia right-angled reference frame, and the equation and parameter at the orbit injection point were simplified and converted. The infinite dimension dynamic optimal control problem was converted to a finite dimension static state optimization problem and the algorithm reduced the complexity so as to become a general algorithm in trajectories optimization. With the trajectories optimization of a three-stage solid vehicle with a liquor upper stage as example, the model of the trajectory optimization was set up and simulations were carried out. The results demonstrated the advantage and validity of the pseudospectral method. The rejection time of fairing was also analyzed by the simulation results, and the optimal flight procedure and trajectory were obtained.

关键词： pseudospectral method solid launch vehicle trajectory optimization rejection time of fairing

Investigation of Geiger-mode detector in multi-hit model for laser ranging

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2015年第5期58卷 943-950页

作者： ZHAO Peng ZHANG Yan QIAN WeiPing xuan ying Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology Key Laboratory of Space Object Measurement China Defense Science and Technology Information Center

The performance of detector limits the overall performance of laser ranging system. And the design of multi-hit detector is one of the feasible ways to promote the performance of detector. Currently, the segmentation method or the recursive method is commonly used to analyze the multi-hit detector model. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to propose a combinatorial method to solve the multi-hit detector model from the perspective of discrete time. Then, universal formulas of total signal detection probability and the average count are deduced based on the Poisson distribution signal. Furthermore, analysis is made to figure out how the average count changes with different parameters, such as the dead time, gating time, rate intensity. As a result, for GM-APD, the multi-hit detector model is verified advantageously compared to the single-hit detector model in improving the average count theoretically. Meanwhile, a discrete step feature is presented when average count changes with dead time or the gating time, which is of great significance in gating time optimization.

关键词： segmentation gating verified recursive combinatorial deduced figure trigger feasible universal

CCTA与CT-FFR诊断冠状动脉缺血病变的应用价值

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中国现代医生 2024年第22期62卷 50-53,91页

作者：周康锴应璇潘婷浙江中医药大学研究生院浙江杭州310032 金华市人民医院影像科浙江金华321000 金华市人民医院心内三科浙江金华321000

目的探讨冠状动脉CT血管成像(coronary CT angiography,CCTA)与CT血管造影血流储备分数(CT angiography derived fractional flow reserve,CT-FFR)诊断冠状动脉缺血病变(coronary ischemic disease,CID)的应用价值。方法选取2021年5月至2023年6月于金华市人民医院诊治的108例冠心病患者为研究对象,以冠状动脉造影为金标准,根据心肌血流储备分数将其分为CID组(n=66)和非CID组(n=42)。比较两组患者的CCTA参数[最小管腔面积(minimum lumen area,MLA)、最小管腔直径(minimum lumen diameter,MLD)、狭窄面积百分比(percentage of area stenosis,%AS)、狭窄直径百分比(percentage of diameter stenosis,%DS)]和CT-FFR;分析CID组患者的临床特征与MLA、MLD、%AS、%DS、CT-FFR的关系。绘制受试者操作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲线)分析CCTA、CT-FFR诊断CID的效能。结果CID组患者的MLA、MLD、CT-FFR均显著低于非CID组,%AS、%DS均显著高于非CID组(P<0.05)。重度钙化、狭窄者的MLA、MLD、CT-FFR均显著低于轻中度钙化、狭窄者,%AS、%DS均显著高于轻中度钙化、狭窄者(P<0.05)。MLA、MLD、CT-FFR与钙化程度、狭窄程度均呈负相关,%AS、%DS与钙化程度、狭窄程度均呈正相关(P<0.05)。CT-FFR的诊断确诊率高于CCTA(86.11%vs.70.37%,χ^(2)=7.859,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,CCTA、CT-FFR诊断CID的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.706、0.860;CT-FFR的AUC高于CCTA(Z=2.347,P<0.05)。结论CCTA与CT-FFR对CID诊断均有一定价值,但CT-FFR效能更高,提供心肌缺血信息更全面。

关键词： CT血管成像 CT血管造影血流储备分数冠状动脉缺血病变

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Gradient-based Kriging approximate model and its application research to optimization design

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第4期52卷 1117-1124页

作者： xuan ying XIANG JunHua ZHANG WeiHua ZHANG YuLin College of Aerospace and Material Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

In the process of multidisciplinary design optimization, there exits the calculation complexity problem due to frequently calling high fidelity system analysis models. The high fidelity system analysis models can be surrogated by approximate models. The sensitivity analysis and numerical noise filtering can be done easily by coupling approximate models to optimization. Approximate models can reduce the number of executions of the problem's simulation code during optimization, so the solution efficiency of the multidisciplinary design optimization problem can be improved. Most optimization methods are based on gradient. The gradients of the objective and constrain functions are gained easily. The gra- dient-based Kriging (GBK) approximate model can be constructed by using system response value and its gradients. The gradients can greatly improve prediction precision of system response. The hybrid optimization method is constructed by coupling GBK approximate models to gradient-based optimiza- tion methods. An aircraft aerodynamics shape optimization design example indicates that the methods of this paper can achieve good feasibility and validity.

关键词： Kriging approximation function gradient-based approximate model hybrid optimization method multidisciplinary design optimization

Comprehensive review of targeted therapy for colorectal cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 2155-2184页

作者： Yuan-Hong Xie ying-xuan Chen Jing-Yuan Fang Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Shanghai Institute of Digestive DiseaseState Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesKey Laboratory of Gastroenterology&HepatologyMinistry of HealthRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University145 Middle Shandong Road200001 ShanghaiChina

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is among the most lethal and prevalent malignancies in the world and was responsible for nearly 881,000 cancer-related deaths in *** and chemotherapy have long been the first choices for cancer ***,the prognosis of CRC has never been satisfying,especially for patients with metastatic *** therapy is a new optional approach that has successfully prolonged overall survival for CRC *** successes with the anti-EGFR(epidermal growth factor receptor)agent cetuximab and the anti-angiogenesis agent bevacizumab,new agents blocking different critical pathways as well as immune checkpoints are emerging at an unprecedented *** worldwide are currently updating the recommended targeted drugs on the basis of the increasing number of high-quality clinical *** review provides an overview of existing CRC-targeted agents and their underlying mechanisms,as well as a discussion of their limitations and future trends.

关键词： Surgery drugs chemotherapy