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Coordinated Voltage Control of Distribution Network ConsideringMultiple Types of Electric Vehicles

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Energy Engineering 2024年第2期121卷 377-404页

作者： Liang Liu Guangda xu yuan Zhao Yi Lu Yu Li Jing Gao State Grid Jibei Electric Power Research Institute(North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd.)Beijing100045China

The couple between the power network and the transportation network(TN)is deepening gradually with the increasing penetration rate of electric vehicles(EV),which also poses a great challenge to the traditional voltage control *** this paper,we propose a coordinated voltage control strategy for the active distribution networks considering multiple types of *** the first stage,the action of on-load tap changer and capacitor banks,etc.,are determined by optimal power flow calculation,and the node electricity price is also determined based on dynamic time-of-use tariff *** the second stage,multiple operating scenarios of multiple types of EVs such as cabs,private cars and buses are considered,and the scheduling results of each EV are solved by building an optimization model based on constraints such as queuing theory,Floyd-Warshall algorithm and traffic flow *** the third stage,the output power of photovoltaic and energy storage systems is fine-tuned in the normal control *** charging power of EVs is also regulated in the emergency control mode to reduce the voltage deviation,and the amount of regulation is calculated based on the fair voltage control mode of ***,we test the modified IEEE 33-bus distribution system coupled with the 24-bus Beijing *** simulation results show that the proposed scheme can mitigate voltage violations well.

关键词： Electric vehicle transportation network voltage control queuing theory

Clinical practice guidelines for nutritional assessment and monitoring of adult ICU patients in China

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 137-159页

作者： Xiangdong Guan Dechang Chen yuan xu Chinese Society of Critical Care Medicine Department of Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalBeijingChina 不详

The Chinese Society of Critical Care Medicine(CSCCM)has developed clinical practice guidelines for nutrition assessment and monitoring for patients in adult intensive care units(ICUs)in *** guideline focuses on nutrition evaluation and metabolic monitoring to achieve optimal and personalized nutrition therapy for critically ill *** guideline was developed by experts in critical care medicine and evidence-based medicine methodology and was developed after a thorough review of the system and a summary of relevant trials or studies published from 2000 to July 2023.A total of 18 recommendations were formed and consensus was reached through discussions and reviews by expert groups in critical care medicine,parenteral and enteral nutrition,and *** recommendations are based on currently available evidence and cover several key fields,including screening and assessment,evaluation and assessment of enteral feeding intolerance,metabolic and nutritional measurement and monitoring during nutrition therapy,and organ function evaluation related to nutrition *** question was analyzed according to the Population,Intervention,Comparison,and Outcome(PICO)*** addition,interpretations were provided for four questions that did not reach a consensus but may have potential clinical and research *** plan is to update this nutrition assessment and monitoring guideline using the international guideline update method within 3–5 years.

关键词： Adults Critical illness Intensive care unit Nutriti on Nutriti on assessment and monitoring Guideline Recommendations Chinese Society of Critical Care Medicine-Chinese Medical Association(CSCCM-CMA)

Influence of meteorological factors on open biomass burning at a background site in Northeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 1-9页

作者： Yulong Wang Linlin Liang Wanyun xu Chang Liu Hongbing Cheng Yusi Liu Gen Zhang Xiaobin xu Dajiang Yu Peng Wang Qingli Song Jiumeng Liu yuan Cheng State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Longfengshan Regional Background Station China Meteorological AdministrationHeilongjiang 150200China Heilongjiang Climate Center Heilongjiang 150030China

Biomass burning(BB)is a very important emission source that significantly adversely impacts regional air *** produces a large number of primary organic aerosol(POA)and black carbon(BC).Besides,BB also provides many precursors for secondary organic aerosol(SOA)*** this work,the ratio of levoglucosan(LG)to organic carbon(OC)and the fire hotspots map was used to identify the open biomass burning(OBB)events,which occurred in two representative episodes,October 13 to November 30,2020,and April1 to April 30,*** ratio of organic aerosol(OA)to reconstructed PM_(2.5)concentration(PM_(2.5)^(*))increased with the increase of LG/*** LG/OC ratio is higher than 0.03,the highest OA/PM_(2.5)^(*)ratio can reach 80%,which means the contribution of OBB to OA is *** to the ratio of LG to K^(+),LG to mannosan(MN)and the regional characteristics of Longfengshan,it can be determined that the crop residuals are the main *** occurrence of OBB coincides with farmers’preferred choices,i.e.,burning biomass in“bright weather”.The“bright weather”refers to the meteorological conditions with high temperature,low humidity,and without *** factors indirectly affect regional biomass combustion pollution by influencing farmers’active choices.

关键词： Air pollution Biomass burning Meteorological factors Organic trace Agricultural fires

Precipitating thermally reinforcement phase in aluminum alloys for enhanced strength at 400℃

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 71-82页

作者： Xiang Su yuan Lei Yang Chen Hongjie Qu Zhixiang Qi Gong Zheng xu Liu Henggao Xiang Guang Chen National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic and Intermetallic Materials TechnologyEngineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and DesignMinistry of EducationNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Aviation and Mechanical Engineering Changzhou Institute of TechnologyChangzhou 213032China

Heat-resistant aluminum alloys are widely used in aerospace and automotive fields for manufacturing hot components due to their advantages in lightweight design and energy ***,the high-temperature strength of existing cast aluminum alloys is always limited to about 100 MPa at 350℃due to coarsening and transformation of strengthening ***,we reveal that the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the T6 state Al-8.4Cu-2.3Ce-1.0Mn-0.5Ni-0.2Zr alloy at 400◦C increase by 34%and 44%after re-aging at 300℃for 100 h,and its thermal strength exhibits distinguished ad-vantage over traditional heat-resistant aluminum *** enhanced elevated-temperature strength is attributed to the reprecipitation of the Ni-bearing T-Al_(20)Cu_(2)Mn_(3)phase,whose number density increases over one *** significant segregation of Ni,Ce,and Zr elements at the interfaces helps improve the thermal stability of the T *** thermostable T phase effectively strengthens the matrix by in-hibiting dislocation ***,a highly interconnected 3D intermetallic network along the grain boundaries can still remain after long-term re-aging at 300℃,which is conducive to imposing a drag on the grain boundaries at high *** finding offers a viable route for enhancing the elevated-temperature strength of heat-resistant aluminum alloys,which could provide expanded opportunities for higher-temperature applications.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Precipitation Thermally reinforcement phase Re-aging treatment High-temperature strength

Highly Conductive Ag/pCF/MVQ Composite Rubber for Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 864-873页

作者： Yang Chen Xiao-Ming Shao Liang He Yi-Nuo xu Qi-yuan Yao Ding Feng Wen-Cai Wang State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Key Laboratory of Beijing City for Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Sino-german School of Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266400China

In this study,flexible and highly conductive composite rubber at low filler content was successfully prepared through polydopamine-assisted electroless silver plating plus mechanical ***,carbon fibers(CF)were activated by polydopamine(PDA)to improve the surface activity by self-polymerization ***,because of the metal chelating ability of PDA,silver layer was firmly deposited on the surface of CF through a facile electroless silver plating ***,flexible silver-plated carbon fibers(Ag/pCF)silicone rubber composites prepared by mechanical *** using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD),the chemical composition and crystal structure of Ag/pCF were examined,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was used to assess the surface morphology of the Ag/*** results showed that a uniform and dense silver layer was formed on the surface of the CF,and the conductivity of the Ag/pCF could reach 7885 S/*** was noteworthy that the composite rubber filled with only 45 phr Ag/pCF had a high electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness(100 dB)due to the low density and high aspect ratio of Ag/*** composite rubber has excellent potential for application in the field of electromagnetic interference shielding.

关键词： Carbon fibers Polydopamine Electroless plating Silver Electromagnetic interference shielding

A comprehensive review of recent advancements and developments in heat exchanger network synthesis techniques

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 335-356页

作者： xu Yue LIU WeiWei ZHANG Lu CUI Guo Min XIAO yuan ZHANG GuanHua YANG QiGuo School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

The rapid development of computational technology and the increasing energy demand have improved heat exchanger network(HEN)*** HEN synthesis involves several optimizations of matches,distributions of heat loads,and stream splitting of heat ***,obtaining good results at high efficiency has been the main standard for evaluating the techniques in the research area of HEN *** paper first summarizes and analyzes the main contributions of the existing HEN synthesis *** compare related data quantitively,information on ten typical cases is presented in this ***,recently improved solutions for commonly encountered existing literature cases demonstrate the evolution and competition trends in the field of HEN *** comparison data presented in this paper not only provide a useful reference for future research but also present the optimization *** on the findings of this study,it is noted that there is still a large room for improvement,and current approaches are incapable of dealing with all HEN ***,it is still difficult to escape a local optimum and overcome structural constraints when seeking the global *** a follow-up to the current work,the parallel computing mode and adaptively coordinating the ratio of global and local searching abilities are major development trends for future investigation.

关键词： heat integration heat exchanger network synthesis sequential synthesis method simultaneous synthesis method optimization techniques development optimization quality

A synthesis of the Cretaceous wildfire record related to atmospheric oxygen levels?

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 149-164页

作者： Da-Wei Lü Wen-xu Du Zhi-Hui Zhang yuan Gao Tian-Tian Wang Jin-Cheng xu Ao-Cong Zhang Cheng-Shan Wang Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals College of Earth Sciences and EngineeringShandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590Shandong ProvinceChina School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBejing 100083China Institute of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences(Bejing)Beijing 100083China

The Cretaceous was a significant greenhouse period in Earth's history with higher atmospheric CO_(2) levels and temperatures than today. Although evidence of combustion has been widely described from the Cretaceous deposits, our understanding of the spatiotemporal diversification pattern and process of the Cretaceous wildfires is still limited. In this study, we comprehensively synthesize a total of 271 published Cretaceous wildfire occurrences based on the by-products of burning, including fossil charcoal, pyrogenic inertinite(fossil charcoal in coal), and pyrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs). Spatially, the dataset shows a distinctive distribution of reported wildfire evidence characterized by high concentration in the middle latitudinal areas of the Northern Hemisphere(30°N-60°N) over the Cretaceous. Temporally, an overall increasing trend of the reported wildfire data from the Early Cretaceous to the Late Cretaceous is coincident with higher atmospheric O_(2) levels. However, the spatial and temporal patterns may result from many types of factors, such as taphonomy, preservation, and researcher biases, instead of a real picture of the Cretaceous wildfire evolution. To better understand the spatiotemporal diversification of the Cretaceous wildfire, more investigations on the record of wildfire occurrences during this period would be necessary in the future.

关键词： Wildfire Cretaceous Atmospheric oxygen Taphonomy Charcoal

Tough Semi-interpenetrating Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Polyacrylamide Hydrogels Enabled by Bioinspired Hydrogen-bonding Induced Phase Separation

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第5期42卷 591-603,I0006页

作者： Qiong-Jun xu Zhao-Yang yuan Chang-Cheng Wang Hao Liang Yu Shi Hai-Tao Wu Hu xu Jing Zheng Jin-Rong Wu State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Semi-interpenetrating(semi-IPN)hydrogels formed by the continuous interpenetration of cross-linked polymer network and linear non-crosslinked polymer with multifunctionality are widely used in biomedical and other ***,the negative impact of linear polymer on the homogeneity of the cross-linked network often leads to a decrease in the mechanical properties of semi-IPN hydrogels and severely limits their ***,a bioinspired hydrogen-bonding induced phase separation strategy is presented to construct the tough semi-IPN polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyacrylamide hydrogels(named PVP/PAM hydrogels),including the linear polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)and cross-linked polyacrylamide(PAM)*** resultant PVPx/PAM hydrogels exhibit unique phase separation induced by the hydrogen bonding between PVP and PAM and affected by the amount of substance of ***,the phase separation of PVPx/PAM hydrogels results in excellent mechanical properties with a strain of 2590%,tensile strength of 0.28 MPa and toughness of 2.17 MJ/m^(3).More importantly,the hydrogen bonding between PVP and PAM firstly disrupts to dissipate energy under external forces,so the PVPx/PAM hydrogels exhibit good self-recovery properties and outperform chemically cross-linked PAM hydrogels in impact resistance and damping *** is believed that the PVPx/PAM hydrogels with hydrogen-bonding induced phase separation possess more potential application prospects.

关键词： Tough Semi-interpenetrating networks Polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyacrylamide Hydrogels Phase separation

Dynamic response and failure process of horizontal-layered fractured structure rock slope under strong earthquake

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第3期21卷 882-900页

作者： WANG Tong LIU Xianfeng HOU Zhaoxu xu Jiahang ZHANG Jun yuan Shengyang JIANG Guanlu HU Jinshan School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Laboratory of High-Speed Railway Engineering of Ministry of Education Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Civil Engineering Xinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023China China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.LTD Xi'an 710043China

Rock slope with horizontal-layered fractured structure(HLFS)has high stability in its natural ***,a strong earthquake can induce rock fissure expansion,ultimately leading to slope *** this study,the dynamic response,failure mode,and spectral characteristics of rock slope with HLFS under strong earthquake conditions were investigated based on the large-scale shaking table model *** this basis,multiple sets of numerical calculation models were further established by UDEC discrete element *** influencing factors were considered in the parametric study of numerical simulations,including slope height,slope angle,bedding-plane spacing and secondary joint spacing as well as bedrock dip *** results showed that the failure process of rock slope with HLFS under earthquake action is mainly divided into four phases,i.e.,the tensile crack of the slope shoulder joints and shear dislocation at the top bedding plane,the extension of vertical joint cracks and increase of shear displacement,the formation of step-through sliding surfaces and the instability,and finally collapse of fractured rock *** acceleration response of slopes exhibits elevation amplification effect and surface *** simulations indicate that the seismic stability of slopes with HLFS exhibits a negative correlation with slope height and angle,but a positive correlation with bedding-plane spacing,joint spacing,and bedrock dip *** results of this study can provide a reference for seismic stability evaluation of weathered rock slopes.

关键词： Seismic behavior Horizontal layered Weathered rock slope Shaking table test Failure mode