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A multi-colloidal gold immunochromatography assay for rapid and simultaneous detection of 13 herbicides

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8368-8376页

作者： Qianqian Lu Xinxin xu Aihua Qu Liqiang Liu Yuzhe Li Maozhong sun Chuanlai xu Hua Kuang International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment Beijing 100021China

Herbicide residues in agricultural products can have adverse effects on the environment and human health,therefore,there is an urgent need to establish a sensitive,rapid,and wide-ranging detection *** this study,haptens of phenylurea herbicides(PUs)and sulfonylurea herbicides(SUs)were analyzed and designed based on computational simulation techniques,and two high-performance broad-spectrum monoclonal antibodies against PUs and SUs were *** this basis,a multi-colloidal gold immunochromatography assay(multi-CGIA)was developed to simultaneously detect 13 herbicides in *** visual limit of detection(vLOD)for PUs including diuron,chlortoluron,neburon,chlorbromuron,and linuron was 1-2μg/*** vLOD for SUs including metsulfuron methyl,ethametsulfuron-methyl,sulfometuron-methyl,tribenuron methyl,cinosulfuron,triasulfuron,chlorimuron-ethyl,and chlorsulfuron was 2-10μg/*** results of real sample determination indicated that the multi-CGIA is accurate,stable,and reliable,and adaptable to on-site preliminary screening of actual samples.

关键词： phenylurea herbicides sulfonylurea herbicides monoclonal antibody immunochromatographic assay wheat

Robust and Discriminative Feature Learning via Mutual Information Maximization for Object Detection in Aerial Images

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CMC-COMPUTERS MATERIALS & CONTINUA 2024年第3期80卷 4149-4171页

作者： sun, xu Yu, Yinhui Cheng, Qing Jilin Univ Sch Commun Engn Changchun 130012 Peoples R China

Object detection in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial images has become increasingly important in military and civil applications. General object detection models are not robust enough against interclass similarity and intraclass variability of small objects, and UAV-specific nuisances such as uncontrolled weather conditions. Unlike previous approaches focusing on high-level semantic information, we report the importance of underlying features to improve detection accuracy and robustness from the information-theoretic perspective. Specifically, we propose a robust and discriminative feature learning approach through mutual information maximization (RD-MIM), which can be integrated into numerous object detection methods for aerial images. Firstly, we present the rank sample mining method to reduce underlying feature differences between the natural image domain and the aerial image domain. Then, we design a momentum contrast learning strategy to make object features similar to the same category and dissimilar to different categories. Finally, we construct a transformer-based global attention mechanism to boost object location semantics by leveraging the high interrelation of different receptive fields. We conduct extensive experiments on the VisDrone and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Benchmark Object Detection and Tracking (UAVDT) datasets to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results show that our approach brings considerable robustness gains to basic detectors and advanced detection methods, achieving relative growth rates of 51.0% and 39.4% in corruption robustness, respectively. Our code is available at https:// ***/cq100/RD-MIM (accessed on 2 August 2024).

关键词： Aerial images object detection mutual information contrast learning attention mechanism

Correlation between carbon emissions,fuel consumption of vehicles and speed limit on expressway

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 631-642页

作者： Chao Gao Jinliang xu Miao Jia Zhenhua sun School of Highway Chang'an University Shaoxing Communications Investment Group Co. Ltd.

This paper aimed to investigate the correlation between carbon emissions, fuel consumption, and speed limit. A theoretical model was derived based on the energy conservation law, which expresses the relationship between vehicle's fuel consumption and speed. Subsequently, a total of 40 sets of fuel consumption data were collected through field tests to verify the accuracy of the theoretical model at different speeds and different road longitudinal slope combinations. The fuel consumption was then converted to carbon emissions according to the carbon emission factors specified by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC). In the field experiment, two types of cars and trucks, which are most common on the expressways in China, were selected. Finally, the travel speed under different posted speed limits was obtained through the previously established model, and the carbon emission changes of different vehicle types at different limited speeds are calculated. The results show that the speed limit has a significant impact on fuel consumption and carbon emissions. When the speed limit increased from 80 to 120 km/h,average vehicle speeds increased about 21%-27%, and fuel consumption and carbon emissions increased from approximately 33%-38%. Another interesting result was that the vehicle's fuel consumption and carbon emissions are only affected by speed. The results of the study explore the effect of speed limits on carbon emissions and provide evidence for road managers to set reasonable speed limits.

关键词： Vehicle carbon emission Vehicle fuel consumption Posted speed limit Average speed Road longitudinal slope

Learning to select the recombination operator for derivative-free optimization

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第6期67卷 1457-1480页

作者： Haotian Zhang Jianyong sun Thomas Back Zongben xu School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science Leiden UniversityLeiden2333 CANetherlands

Extensive studies on selecting recombination operators adaptively,namely,adaptive operator selection(AOS),during the search process of an evolutionary algorithm(EA),have shown that AOS is promising for improving EA's performance.A variety of heuristic mechanisms for AOS have been proposed in recent decades,which usually contain two main components:the feature extraction and the policy *** feature extraction refers to as extracting relevant features from the information collected during the search *** policy setting means to set a strategy(or policy)on how to select an operator from a pool of operators based on the extracted *** components are designed by hand in existing studies,which may not be efficient for adapting optimization *** this paper,a generalized framework is proposed for learning the components of AOS for one of the main streams of EAs,namely,differential evolution(DE).In the framework,the feature extraction is parameterized as a deep neural network(DNN),while a Dirichlet distribution is considered to be the policy.A reinforcement learning method,named policy gradient,is used to train the *** case studies,the proposed framework is applied to two DEs including the classic DE and a recently-proposed DE,which result in two new algorithms named PG-DE and PG-MPEDE,*** on the Congress of Evolutionary Computation(CEC)2018 test suite show that the proposed new algorithms perform significantly better than their ***,we prove theoretically that the considered classic methods are the special cases of the proposed framework.

关键词： evolutionary algorithm differential evolution adaptive operator selection reinforcement learning deep learning

System Strength Assessment Based on Multi-task Learning

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 41-50页

作者： Baoluo Li Shiyun xu Huadong sun Zonghan Li Lin Yu Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong UniversityJinan 250014China China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China

Increase in permeability of renewable energy sources(RESs)leads to the prominent problem of voltage stability in power system,so it is urgent to have a system strength evaluation method with both accuracy and practicability to control its access scale within a reasonable ***,a hybrid intelligence enhancement method is proposed by combining the advantages of mechanism method and data driven ***,calculation of critical short circuit ratio(CSCR)is set as the direction of intelligent enhancement by taking the multiple renewable energy station short circuit ratio as the quantitative ***,the construction process of CSCR dataset is proposed,and a batch simulation program of samples is developed accordingly,which provides a data basis for subsequent ***,a multi-task learning model based on progressive layered extraction is used to simultaneously predict CSCR of each RESs connection point,which significantly reduces evaluation error caused by weak *** performance and anti-noise performance of the proposed method are verified on the CEPRI-FS-102 bus system,which provides strong technical support for real-time monitoring of system strength.

关键词： Critical short circuit ratio hybrid intelligence enhancement multi-task learning system strength

Surface roughness classification using light scattering matrix and deep learning

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 520-535页

作者： sun Hao TAN Wei RUAN YiXiao BAI Long xu JianFeng State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan Digital Design and Manufacturing Innovation Center Co. LtdWuhan 430074China

High-quality optical components have been widely used in various applications;thus,extremely high beam quality is ***,surface roughness is a key indicator of the surface *** this study,the angular distribution of light scattering field intensity was obtained for surfaces having different roughness profiles based on the finite difference time domain(FDTD)method,and the results were compared with those obtained using the generalized Harvey-Shack(GHS)*** was shown that the FDTD approach can be used for an accurate simulation of the scattered field of a rough surface,and the superposition of results obtained from many surfaces that have the same roughness level was in good agreement with the result given by the analytic GHS model.A light scattering matrix(LSM)method was proposed based on the FDTD simulation results that could obtain rich surface roughness *** classification effect of LSM was compared with that of the single-incidence scattering distribution(SISD)based on a ResNet-50 deep learning *** classification accuracy of the model trained with the LSM dataset was obtained as 95.74%,which was 23.40%higher than that trained using the SISD ***,the effects of different noise types and filtering methods on the classification performance were analyzed,and the LSM was also shown to improve the robustness and generalizability of the trained surface roughness ***,the proposed LSM method has important implications for improving the data acquisition scheme of current light scattering measurement systems,and it also has the potential to be used for detection and characterization of surface defects of optical components.

关键词： surface roughness FDTD simulation GHS theory deep learning light scattering matrix

Review on the recent progress of nearly zero energy building frontiers in China

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 2620-2636页

作者： LYU YanJie xu Wei ZHANG ShiCong sun DeYu HOU YueBin China Academy of Building Research Beijing 100013China

Energy efficiency improvement in Chinese construction has progressed rapidly over the past two *** zero energy buildings(NZEBs),as an integrated solution for energy-efficient construction,have gained significant attention during China's 13th Five-Year Plan period,with continuous maturation of the technical *** this study,a research framework built upon the accomplishments of China's National Key Research and Development Program is developed,and an in-depth analysis of the most cutting-edge research is provided by thoroughly reviewing the work conducted *** NZEB in China has been categorized into three stages based on the characteristics of technological development:(1)definition and standards,(2)demonstration and promotion,and(3)cross-domain *** study discerns four noteworthy development trends by examining comprehensive data spanning the last decade from 100 NZEB and zero energy ***,a comprehensive analysis of essential technology advancements in line with these identified trends is *** issues and challenges arising from the increased application of renewable energy in the context of China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals have also been ***,based on this analysis,the challenges and corresponding suggestions for future research directions were proposed to help guide future studies exploring emerging trends in the NZEB field.

关键词： nearly zero energy building energy efficiency load flexibility heat pump renewable energy

A Survey of Edge Caching:Key Issues and Challenges

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 818-842页

作者： Hanwen Li Mingtao sun Fan Xia Xiaolong xu Muhammad Bilal School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China Reading Academy Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin-si 17035Republic of Korea

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and intelligent applications,the quantity of mobile devices and data traffic in networks have been growing exponentially,which poses a great burden to networks and brings huge challenge to servicing user *** caching,which utilizes the storage and computation resources of the edge to bring resources closer to end users,is a promising way to relieve network burden and enhance user *** this paper,we aim to survey the edge caching techniques from a comprehensive and systematic *** first present an overview of edge caching,summarizing the three key issues regarding edge caching,i.e.,where,what,and how to cache,and then introducing several significant caching *** then carry out a detailed and in-depth elaboration on these three issues,which correspond to caching locations,caching objects,and caching strategies,*** particular,we innovate on the issue“what to cache”,interpreting it as the classification of the“caching objects”,which can be further classified into content cache,data cache,and service ***,we discuss several open issues and challenges of edge caching to inspire future investigations in this research area.

关键词： edge caching edge computing caching location caching object caching strategy 5G networkarchitecture Internet of Things(IoT)

Optimizing evasive maneuvering of planes using a flight quality driven model

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 197-208页

作者： Chang LIU Shaoshan sun Chenggang TAO Yingxin SHOU Bin xu School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Chengdu Aircraft Design & Research Institute of AVIC

This paper investigates the optimal evasive maneuver for a plane to avoid an incoming missile. To accurately model the system dynamics while improving computational efficiency, a simplified plane model based on flight quality is established. A missile model with proportional guidance is also *** problem of determining the optimal evasion plane maneuver is formulated. The Gauss pseudospectral method(GPM) is proposed as a solution to find the optimal maneuver. The optimized maneuver is validated by testing it on a high-fidelity 6-degree-of-freedom(6-DOF) model, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed simplified plane model. The Monte Carlo method is employed to evaluate the capability of the plane to evade missiles in various scenarios and elucidate general principles for successful evasion.

关键词： optimal maneuver flying quality evasive strategy pursuit-evasion game air-to-air combat