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A Survey of Edge Caching:Key Issues and Challenges

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 818-842页

作者： Hanwen Li Mingtao Sun Fan xia xiaolong xu Muhammad Bilal School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected Horticulture Weifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China Reading Academy Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin-si 17035Republic of Korea

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and intelligent applications,the quantity of mobile devices and data traffic in networks have been growing exponentially,which poses a great burden to networks and brings huge challenge to servicing user *** caching,which utilizes the storage and computation resources of the edge to bring resources closer to end users,is a promising way to relieve network burden and enhance user *** this paper,we aim to survey the edge caching techniques from a comprehensive and systematic *** first present an overview of edge caching,summarizing the three key issues regarding edge caching,i.e.,where,what,and how to cache,and then introducing several significant caching *** then carry out a detailed and in-depth elaboration on these three issues,which correspond to caching locations,caching objects,and caching strategies,*** particular,we innovate on the issue“what to cache”,interpreting it as the classification of the“caching objects”,which can be further classified into content cache,data cache,and service ***,we discuss several open issues and challenges of edge caching to inspire future investigations in this research area.

关键词： edge caching edge computing caching location caching object caching strategy 5G networkarchitecture Internet of Things(IoT)

Neural Circuitry Involving Substance P in Male Sexual Behavior

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 544-546页

作者： Xinrong Wang Junqiang zheng Han xu Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China Nanhu Brain-Computer Interface Institute Hangzhou311100China Liangzhu Laboratory MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine IntegrationState Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine IntelligenceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou311121China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Lingang Laboratory Shanghai200031China

Male sexual behavior is an innate social behavior crucial for reproduction[1].Previous studies have identified several brain regions crucial for the control of both sexual and aggressive behaviors in ***,molecularly specified neural circuits that specifically control male sexual behavior remain *** with the inherently rewarding nature of sexual behavior,previous research has implicated the role of the dopamine system in regulating sexual desire[2].However,the interaction between reward and copulation at the circuit level remains largely ***,it is unclear if the associated neural pathways are specific in modulating sexual reward.

关键词： behavior neural specified

YOLOv5ST:A Lightweight and Fast Scene Text Detector

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 909-926页

作者： Yiwei Liu Yingnan Zhao Yi Chen zheng Hu Min xia School of Computer and Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Automation Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China

Scene text detection is an important task in computer *** this paper,we present YOLOv5 Scene Text(YOLOv5ST),an optimized architecture based on YOLOv5 v6.0 tailored for fast scene text *** primary goal is to enhance inference speed without sacrificing significant detection accuracy,thereby enabling robust performance on resource-constrained devices like drones,closed-circuit television cameras,and other embedded *** achieve this,we propose key modifications to the network architecture to lighten the original backbone and improve feature aggregation,including replacing standard convolution with depth-wise convolution,adopting the C2 sequence module in place of C3,employing Spatial Pyramid Pooling Global(SPPG)instead of Spatial Pyramid Pooling Fast(SPPF)and integrating Bi-directional Feature Pyramid Network(BiFPN)into the *** results demonstrate a remarkable 26%improvement in inference speed compared to the baseline,with only marginal reductions of 1.6%and 4.2%in mean average precision(mAP)at the intersection over union(IoU)thresholds of 0.5 and 0.5:0.95,*** work represents a significant advancement in scene text detection,striking a balance between speed and accuracy,making it well-suited for performance-constrained environments.

关键词： Scene text detection YOLOv5 lightweight object detection

Theoretical Exploration of Alloying Effects on Stabilities and Mechanical Properties ofγʹPhase in Novel Co–Al–Nb-Base Superalloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第7期37卷 1238-1248页

作者： Guan-Cheng Gu Zhao-Jing Han Ze-Yu Chen Zhao-xuan Li Sheng-Bao xia zheng-Ning Li Hua Jin Wei-Wei xu Xing-Jun Liu Shenzhen Research Institute of xiamen University School of Aerospace EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Institute of Materials Genome and Big Data Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China

The new developedγ/γʹCo–Al–Nb-base alloys show great potentials as high-temperature ***,finding appropriate compositions to improve performance of alloys still poses a great challenge to the development of Co–Al–Nb-base *** by the lack of alloying effects on fundamental properties of criticalγʹphase,we systematically performed a theoretical investigation on the effect of alloying elements TM(TM:Ti,V,Cr,Zr,Mo,Ta,W,Re,and Ru)on phase stabilities and mechanical properties of L1_(2)-typeγʹ(Co,Ni)_(3)(Al,Nb).By analyzing the stability ofγʹphase with respect to its competitive B2 and D0_(19) phases,the results shown that Ti,V,and Cr enhance the L1_(2) stability and widen the L1_(2)–D0_(19) energy barrier,in which V yields the maximum *** analysis of electronic structure indicated that the alternation of valence electrons at fermi level would be the atomic origin for doping TM inγʹ*** calculated results of mechanical properties shown that V and Cr are expected to be optimal dopant for enhancing the strength and the ductility ofγʹ*** addition of Ta is also beneficial for enhancing the strength at the slight expense of ductility ofγʹ*** drawing the mechanical maps,the preferred composition range for the phases with desired properties is roughly demarcated in theory for the multi-addition of V/Cr and V/Ta inγʹ*** findings would be useful for optimizing the performance of novelγ/γʹCo–Al–Nb-base superalloys.

关键词： Co-Al-Nb-base superalloys γ/γʹdual-phase Phase stability Mechanical properties First-principle methods

Predicted Critical State Based on Invariance of the Lyapunov Exponent in Dual Spaces

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第1期41卷 68-76页

作者：刘通夏旭 Department of Applied Physics School of ScienceNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Critical states in disordered systems,fascinating and subtle eigenstates,have attracted a lot of research ***,the nature of critical states is difficult to describe quantitatively,and in general,it cannot predict a system that hosts the critical *** propose an explicit criterion whereby the Lyapunov exponent of the critical state should be 0 simultaneously in dual spaces,namely the Lyapunov exponent remains invariant under the Fourier *** this criterion,we can exactly predict a one-dimensional quasiperiodic model which is not of self-duality,but hosts a large number of critical ***,we perform numerical verification of the theoretical prediction and display the self-similarity of the critical *** to computational complexity,calculations are not performed for higher dimensional ***,since the description of extended and localized states by the Lyapunov exponent is universal and dimensionless,utilizing the Lyapunov exponent of dual spaces to describe critical states should also be ***,we conjecture that some kind of connection exists between the invariance of the Lyapunov exponent and conformal invariance,which can promote the research of critical phenomena.

关键词： state exponent critical

Can whole steps of grain production be outsourced? Empirical analysis based on the three provinces of Jiangsu,Jilin,and Sichuan in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 336-347页

作者： Jiacheng Liu Shengzhi Mao Qiufen zheng Zhigang xu School of Finance and Taxation Nanjing University of Finance and EconomicsJiangsu 210023China School of Economics Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsSichuan 611130China School of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityJiangsu 210095China

Certain outsourcing services for agricultural management in China,such as pest control in grain production,have experienced prolonged sluggishness,contrasting with the relatively high level of outsourcing services observed in harvesting,land preparation,and *** study examines the feasibility of implementing whole-step outsourcing in grain production by conducting a case study of rice and maize production in Jiangsu,Jilin,and Sichuan provinces in *** provision of outsourcing services hinges on two essential conditions:technological advancements fostering specialized production and economies of scale,coupled with a market size sufficient to realize the aforementioned potential economies of *** results showed that outsourcing pest control or harvesting services had varying economies of *** outsourcing services in pest control were less common than in harvesting services,and their marginal growth space of the economies of scale with technological change was also *** by the operational characteristics of pest control itself,the market scale of its professional services is ***,achieving the whole-step outsourcing of grain production necessitates not only technological innovation but also effective policy interventions to overcome the constraints of market *** interventions include(1)optimizing crop layouts between planning regions and reducing land fragmentation and(2)supplying timely and effective inter-regional agricultural information for service providers aided by information technology.

关键词： outsourcing services economy of scale technical conditions market scale

Spatial distribution of shallow landslides caused by Typhoon Lekima in 2019 in Zhejiang Province, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1564-1580页

作者： CUI Yulong YANG Liu xu Chong zheng Jun School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of ChinaBeijing 100085China Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

In recent years, the coastal region of Southeast China has witnessed a significant increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events associated with landfalling typhoons. The hilly and mountainous terrain of this area, combined with rapid rainfall accumulation, has led to a surge in flash floods and severe geological hazards. On August 10, 2019, Typhoon Lekima made landfall in Zhejiang Province, China, and its torrential rainfall triggered extensive landslides, resulting in substantial damage and economic losses. Utilizing high-resolution satellite images, we compiled a landslide inventory of the affected area, which comprises a total of 2,774 rainfallinduced landslides over an area of 2965 km2. The majority of these landslides were small to mediumsized and exhibited elongated, clustered patterns. Some landslides displayed characteristics of high-level initiation, obstructing or partially blocking rivers, leading to the formation of debris dams. We used the inventory to analyze the distribution pattern of the landslides and their relationship with topographical, geological, and hydrological factors. The results showed that landslide abundance was closely related to elevation, slope angle, faults, and road density. The landslides were predominantly located in hilly and low mountainous areas, with elevations ranging from 150 to 300 m, slopes of 20 to 30 degrees, and a NE-SE aspect. Notably, we observed the highest Landslide Number Density(LND) and Landslide Area Percentage(LAP) in the rhyolite region. Landslides were concentrated within approximately 4 km on either side of fault zones, with their size and frequency negatively correlated with distances to faults, roads, and river systems. Furthermore, under the influence of typhoons, regions with denser vegetation cover exhibited higher landslide density, reaching maximum values in shrubland areas. In areas experiencing significantly increased concentrated rainfall, landslide density also showed a corr

关键词： Typhoon rainfall Landslide characteristics Spatial distribution Southeast coastal region

Strong anisotropy of thermal transport in the monolayer of a new puckered phase of PdSe

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 143-151页

作者： zheng Shu Huifang xu Hejin Yan Yongqing Cai Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao 999078China

We examine the electronic and transport properties of a new phase PdSe monolayer with a puckered structure calculated by first-principles and Boltzmann transport *** spin−orbit coupling is found to play a negligible effect on the electronic properties of PdSe *** lattice thermal conductivity of PdSe monolayer exhibits remarkable anisotropic characteristic due to anisotropic phonon group velocity along different directions and its intrinsic structure *** compromised electronic mobility despite a relatively low thermal conduction results in a moderate ZT value but significantly anisotropic thermoelectric performance in single-layer *** present work suggests that the remarkable thermal transport anisotropy of PdSe monolayer can be used for thermal management,and enhance the scope of possibilities for heat flow manipulation in PdSe based *** sizeable puckered cages and wiggling lattice implies it an ideal platform for ionic and molecular engineering for thermoelectronic applications.

关键词： 2D materials first-principles calculations phonon

Spherical Confinement Generates Entropic Force to Accelerate Polymer Chain Detachment

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 407-416,I0010页

作者： Yu-Shan zheng Jian-Ping Zhou Yan xu Kai Li Mechanical Engineering Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830002China

To understand the dynamic process of polymer detachment, it is necessary to determine the mean detachment time of a single breakable link, which is modeled as a spring. Normally, this time can be viewed as the escape of a Brownian particle from the potential well of the spring. However, as the free dangling length of the polymer chain increases, the conformational entropy of the chain is affected by geometric confinement. It means that the wall exerts a repulsive force on the chain, resulting in accelerated link detachment from a macroscopic perspective. In this work, we investigate the effect of entropy on the detachment rate in the case where the substrate is spherical. We demonstrate that spherical confinement accelerates chain detachment both inside and outside the sphere. An analytical expression for the mean detachment time of breakable links is given, which includes an additional pre-factor that is related to the partition function. Additionally, we analyze the expressions for entropic forces inside the sphere, outside the sphere, and on a flat wall, comparing their magnitudes to explain the difference in mean detachment time.

关键词： Polymer detachment Breakable link Entropic force Mean first passage time