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基于迁移学习的LLaMA 2大语言模型微调优化方法

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软件工程 2024年第9期27卷 32-36页

作者：孙倩石竞泽裴丽君张倩怡徐凤强大连东软信息学院辽宁大连116023 大连交通大学软件学院辽宁大连116028

在计算资源受限情况下,针对大语言模型微调面临的训练成本高、微调时间长等问题,提出一种基于迁移学习的预训练大模型的微调优化方法。首先,在原有自注意力验证损失函数中引入权重方向惩罚因子,提高模型收敛速度。其次,改进自注意力验... 详细信息

在计算资源受限情况下,针对大语言模型微调面临的训练成本高、微调时间长等问题,提出一种基于迁移学习的预训练大模型的微调优化方法。首先,在原有自注意力验证损失函数中引入权重方向惩罚因子,提高模型收敛速度。其次,改进自注意力验证优化器,用来平衡不同权重参数的衰减程度。实验结果表明,改进后的微调优化方法可以有效减少微调的迭代次数,提高微调效率,从而提升大语言模型在下游任务的迁移应用能力。

关键词：大语言模型微调优化迁移学习

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Coronary heart disease： incidence, risk factors and interventions in Jiaozhou of Shandong province

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第12期127卷 2275-2278页

作者： Yu Hua Li Dan Chu Xianming An Yi Song Tongxun Feng Huixin Lin Peilin Wang Tao Jiang Shaoyan Guo Linlin xu fengqiang Liu Zhengke Yang Bin Department of Cardiology Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266071China Department of Cardiology Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266042China Department of Cardiology Jiaozhou Peoples HospitalQingdaoShandong 266300China Department of Cardiology Jiaozhou Puji Central Health InstituteQingdaoShandong 266326China

Background Coronary heart disease （CHD） is the most common type of heart disease and cause of heart *** study investigated the epidemiological characteristics of CHD and its risk factors in Jiaozhou,Shandong province,to ultimately find a way of reducing the prevalence of cardiovascular disease,and to provide a theoretical basis for establishing a cardiovascular disease management path under the regional medical collaborative *** A questionnaire survey was performed including 1 952 people aged 35 years or older who were questioned by means of stratified,cluster,proportional sampling to investigate the prevalence of CHD and its risk *** data were inputted into SPSS11.0 statistical software for processing and *** advised the local medical institutions to establish health files for the residents with CHD and risk *** were followed up *** risk factors and life-style were monitored,and advice was given as to proper *** channels were established,and the patients were transmitted in a timely manner to superior hospitals for better treatment if the necessary treatments were not available in the local *** control of risk factors was observed after the follow-up for half a *** In Jiaozhou,the rates of coronary artery disease,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and overweight were 8.15％,28.54％,11.43％,35.46％,and 18.70％ *** rates of hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and overweight were higher than the data published in ＂The report of Chinese cardiovascular disease 2012＂; which are 24％,9.7％,18.6％,and 9.7％,*** control of risk factors improved significantly after the guidance of the residents lifestyle and medication for six *** The high prevalence of coronary artery disease in Jiaozhou is closely related to age,gender,diet structure,family history of cardiovascular disease,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,overweight,and unhealthy ***

关键词： coronary heart disease risk factors prevalence health file regional medical collaboration

大尺度交联聚丙烯酰胺微球微观形态及溶胀特性

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石油学报（石油加工） 2014年第4期30卷 674-681页

作者：林梅钦郭金茹徐凤强华朝中国石油大学提高采收率研究院北京102249 中国石油大学中国石油三次采油重点实验室北京102249

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、光学显微镜、激光衍射仪研究了大尺度交联聚丙烯酰胺微球的微观形态及溶胀特性。结果表明,大尺度交联聚丙烯酰胺微球的粒径在200nm^20μm范围,微球在水中充分溶胀后粒径增大,粒径在2~100μm范围,溶胀后体积大约增加3... 详细信息

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、光学显微镜、激光衍射仪研究了大尺度交联聚丙烯酰胺微球的微观形态及溶胀特性。结果表明,大尺度交联聚丙烯酰胺微球的粒径在200nm^20μm范围,微球在水中充分溶胀后粒径增大,粒径在2~100μm范围,溶胀后体积大约增加30~80倍,具有良好的膨胀特性。大尺度交联聚丙烯酰胺微球分散在水中溶胀2h后,粒径达到最大值,溶胀时间继续增加,微球粒径基本不再变化。随着分散体系盐质量浓度增加,交联聚丙烯酰胺微球的粒径变小,但变化幅度较小;随着温度的提高,微球溶胀后粒径有所增大;微球分散体系经高速剪切作用后,其形态及大小均未发生明显变化,因此交联聚丙烯酰胺微球具有良好的耐温、耐盐及抗剪切特性。

关键词：交联聚丙烯酰胺微球粒径微观形态溶胀剪切作用

基于水下机器人的海产品智能检测与自主抓取系统

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北京航空航天大学学报 2019年第12期45卷 2393-2402页

作者：徐凤强董鹏王辉兵付先平大连海事大学信息科学技术学院

针对水下机器人实现自主抓取过程中缺乏引导系统的问题,提出了一种依托水下机器人的海产品智能检测与自主抓取系统,用来解决水下目标的智能检测问题,并引导水下机器人进行海产品的自主抓取。将卷积神经网络检测算法应用到水下场景,利用... 详细信息

针对水下机器人实现自主抓取过程中缺乏引导系统的问题,提出了一种依托水下机器人的海产品智能检测与自主抓取系统,用来解决水下目标的智能检测问题,并引导水下机器人进行海产品的自主抓取。将卷积神经网络检测算法应用到水下场景,利用水下图像数据集训练特定的网络模型DSOD检测海产品。建立短基线定位系统定位水下作业的机器人。通过分析相机成像坐标系与定位系统坐标系之间的关系,提出了一种计算海产品实际位置的坐标转换方法,计算海产品的实际位置。设计了一种基于反馈机制的多信号分析方法,引导机器人在水下移动并抓捕海产品。为了验证所提系统的有效性,搭建了一款水下抓捕机器人,并成功将所提算法应用到机器人,在真实海洋环境中进行海产品的自主抓取实验。

关键词：水下抓捕机器人智能检测水下目标定位短基线定位系统自主抓取

Influence of sex on outcomes of liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma:a multicenter cohort study in China

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第4期21卷 347-362页

作者： Jian Chen Zhe Yang fengqiang Gao Zhisheng Zhou Junli Chen Di Lu Kai Wang Meihua Sui Zhengxin Wang Wenzhi Guo Guoyue Lyu Haizhi Qi Jinzhen Cai Jiayin Yang Shusen Zheng Xiao xu Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310030China Institute of Organ Transplantation Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310030China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Shulan Hospital of HangzhouHangzhou 310006China National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Liver Transplant Hangzhou 310003China Department of General Surgery Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Department of Liver Transplantation Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Department of Organ Transplantation Center The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266003China Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610044China NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation Hangzhou 310003China Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Objective:Sex-specific differences are observed in various liver diseases,but the influence of sex on the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after liver transplantation(LT)remains to be *** study is the first Chinese nationwide investigation of the role of sex in post-LT outcomes in patients with ***:Data for recipients with HCC registered in the China Liver Transplant Registry between January 2015 and December 2020 were *** associations between donor,recipient,or donor-recipient transplant patterns by sex and the post-LT outcomes were studied with propensity score matching(PSM).The survival associated with different sex-based donor-recipient transplant patterns was further ***:Among 3,769 patients enrolled in this study,the 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival(OS)rates of patients with HCC after LT were 96.1%,86.4%,and 78.5%,respectively,in female recipients,and 95.8%,79.0%,and 70.7%,respectively,in male recipients after PSM(P=0.009).However,the OS was comparable between recipients with female donors and male *** analysis indicated that male recipient sex was a risk factor for post-LT survival(HR=1.381,P=0.046).Among the donor-recipient transplant patterns,the male-male donor-recipient transplant pattern was associated with the poorest post-LT survival(P<0.05).Conclusions:Our findings highlighted that the post-LT outcomes of female recipients were significantly superior to those of male recipients,and the male-male donor-recipient transplant pattern was associated with the poorest post-LT *** from male donors may provide the most benefit to female *** results indicate that sex should be considered as a critical factor in organ allocation.

关键词： Sex liver transplantation hepatocellular carcinoma outcome recipient donor

Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by *** understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were *** rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global *** δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,*** end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate *** isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid *** on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely *** the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier ***,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

Laboratory evaluation of high-friction thin overlays for pavement preservation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 936-948页

作者： Ouming xu Rentao xu Lintong JIN School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional asphalt concrete(AC)and stone matrix asphalt(SMA),which are used as thin asphalt overlays,are common maintenance strategies to enhancing ride quality,skid resistance,and ***,several studies have used a novel asphalt mixture known as a high-friction thin overlay(HFTO)to improve surface ***,it remains uncertain whether the laboratory properties of HFTO differ significantly from those of conventional *** study aims to evaluate the laboratory properties of HFTO mixtures and compare them with those of AC and *** mixtures with nominal maximum size of 9.5 mm were produced in the laboratory,and performance tests were conducted,including wheel tracking test,low temperature flexural creep test,moisture susceptibility test,Cantabro Abrasion Test,Marshall Test,sand patch test,British pendulum test,and indoor tire-rollingdown *** results showed that the HFTO exhibited a lower tire/pavement noise than the AC and ***,HFTO had superior high-temperature stability,larger macro texture,and higher skid resistance in comparison to those of AC,but lower than those of ***,HFTO mixtures may be considered a suitable replacement for traditional AC mixtures in regions where skid resistance and noise reduction are concerns.

关键词： road engineering pavement maintenance high friction thin overlay performance skid resistance tire/pavement noise

Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health *** this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically ***,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was *** DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of ***,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and ***,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

Granting strength to aerogel fibers through encapsulation

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Science China Materials 2024年第4期67卷 1365-1366页

作者： Wenhui xu Department of Basic Chemistry School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China

Aerogel fibers, distinguished by their lightweight nature, pronounced porosity, large surface area, and superior thermal insulation properties, have diversified applications in thermal management, energy devices, and environmental remediation[1]. However, compared with monolithic ones, these fibershaped aerogels exhibit limited mechanical strength and resilience due to their one-dimensional small size.

关键词： strength fibers thermal