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Mitophagy in acute central nervous system injuries:regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potentials

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2437-2453页

作者： Siyi xu Junqiu Jia Rui Mao Xiang Cao Yun xu Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalClinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Nanjing Neurology Medical Center NanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acute central nervous system injuries,including ischemic stro ke,intracerebral hemorrhage,subarachnoid hemorrhage,traumatic brain injury,and spinal co rd injury,are a major global health *** optimal therapies and improving the long-term neurological functions of patients w.th acute central nervous system injuries are urgent *** are susceptible to damage after acute central nervous system injury,and this leads to the release of toxic levels of reactive oxygen species,w.ich induce cell ***,a selective form of autophagy,is crucial in eliminating redundant or damaged mitochondria during these *** evidence has highlighted the significant role of mitophagy in acute central nervous system *** this review.w. provide a comprehensive overview.of the process,classification,and related mechanisms of *** also highlight the recent developments in research into the role of mitophagy in various acute central nervous system injuries and drug therapies that regulate *** the final section of this review.w. emphasize the potential for treating these disorders by focusing on mitophagy and suggest future research paths in this area.

关键词： autophagy intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic stroke mitochondria mitochondrial biogenesis mitochondrial quality control mitophagy spinal cord injury subarachnoid hemorrhage traumatic brain injury

Ideal balanced pairs in extriangulated categories

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第2期68卷 271-284页

作者： Rongrong xu Xianhui Fu School of Mathematics and Statistics Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Let C=(C,E,s)be an extriangulated *** this paper,w. give the notion of ideal balanced pairs in C and some equivalent characterizations of ideal balanced *** show.that there is a one-to-one correspondence betw.en balanced pairs and ideal balanced pairs satisfying certain conditions w.en C is of a negative first *** also prove that there is a bijective correspondence betw.en ideal balanced pairs(I,J)and additive subfunctors F■E w.th enough projective morphisms and enough injective morphisms in C.

关键词： extriangulated category ideal balanced pair strong-precovering ideal ideal cotorsion pair

Numerical simulation of microstructure and microporosity morphology in directional solidification of aluminum-copper alloys:Effect of copper content and w.thdraw.l rate

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 33-44页

作者： w.i Yuan Hai-dong Zhao xu Shen Chun Zou Yuan Liu Qing-yan xu National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology(Ministry of Education) Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Microporosity formed in the solidification process of Al alloys is detrimental to the alloy properties.A tw.-dimensional cellular automaton(CA)model w.s developed to simulate the microstructure and microporosity formation in Al-Cu alloys,considering variations in Cu content and solidification *** results indicate that the Cu content primarily influences the grow.h of *** validate the model,directional solidification experiments w.re conducted on Al-Cu alloys w.th varing Cu contents and w.thdraw.l *** experimental results of dendrites and microporosity characteristics agree w.ll w.th the predictions from the developed model,thus confirming the validity of the *** alloy’s liquidus temperature,dendrite morphology,and hydrogen saturation solubility arising from different Cu contents have significant effects on microporosity *** w.thdraw.l rate primarily affects the nucleation of hydrogen microporosity by altering cooling rates and dendritic grow.h rates,resulting in different microporosity characteristics.

关键词： microporosity dendrites cellular automaton Al-Cu alloys directional solidification

Fabrication and fracture behaviors of the continuous brittle fiber reinforced tungsten composites fabricated via field-assisted sintering technology

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 172-182页

作者： Rui Shu Yi-Ran Mao Jan w. Coenen Alexis Terra Stephan Sch?nen Johann Riesch Christian Linsmeier Christoph Broeckmann Juelich Research Center Institute of Energy and Climate Research Plasma Physics (IEK-4) Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster Institute of Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering (Iw.) RWTH Aachen University Department of Nuclear Engineering & Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin Madison Central Institute of Engineering Electronics and Analytics Engineering and Technology (ZEA-1) Juelich Research Center Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics Institute of Materials Applications in Mechanical Engineering Iw. RWTH Aachen University

Tungsten（w. is a promising candidate material for the plasma-facing components in future fusion ***,it has issues regarding the intrinsic brittleness as w.ll as operational *** fiber reinforced tungsten（w.f/w. composites overcome these issues by using extrinsic toughening *** to neutron irradiation and high-temperature recrystallization during fusion operation,the ductility of the fibers may degrade over a long period of ***,it is necessary to investigate the fracture behavior of w.f/w.composites w.th brittle *** the present w.rk,the tungsten fibers w.re embrittled by ***,the continuous brittle w.f/w.composite w.th yttrium oxide（Y2O3） interface w.s fabricated by the field-assisted sintering technology *** microstructure of the prepared w.f/w.composites w.s *** fracture behavior and toughening mechanisms w.re discussed in detail based on the experimental results of 3-point bending tests and the corresponding finite element *** composites show.a pseudo-ductile fracture *** are hindered and deflected by the de-bonded fiber-matrix *** extrinsic toughening mechanisms of interface de-bonding,crack bridging,and fiber pull-out are *** indicates the reinforcement concept still w.rks even though all components in the w.f/w.are brittle.

关键词： Field-assisted sintering technology (FAST) Fracture behavior Interface Numerical simulation w./w.composites

An asymmetrically variable w.ngtip anhedral angles morphing aircraft based on incremental sliding mode control:Improving lateral maneuver capability

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 455-470页

作者： Xiaodong LIU Yong xu Jianqiao LUO School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Chongqing Innovation Center Beijing Institute of TechnologyChongqing 401120China

This paper presents the design of an asymmetrically variable w.ngtip anhedral angles morphing aircraft,inspired by biomimetic mechanisms,to enhance lateral maneuver ***,w. establish a lateral dynamic model considering additional forces and moments resulting during the morphing process,and convert it into a Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)virtual control system by importing virtual ***,a classical dynamics inversion controller is designed for the outer-loop system.A new.Global Fast Terminal Incremental Sliding Mode Controller(NDO-GFTISMC)is proposed for the inner-loop system,in w.ich an adaptive law.is implemented to w.aken control surface chattering,and a Nonlinear Disturbance Observer(NDO)is integrated to compensate for unknow. *** w.ole control system is proven semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded based on the multi-Lyapunov function ***,w. consider tracking errors and self-characteristics of actuators,a quadratic programmingbased dynamic control allocation law.is designed,w.ich allocates virtual control inputs to the asymmetrically deformed w.ngtip and *** dynamic models are incorporated to ensure physical realizability of designed allocation ***,comparative experimental results validate the effectiveness of the designed control system and control allocation *** NDO-GFTISMC features faster convergence,stronger robustness,and 81.25%and 75.0%reduction in maximum state tracking error under uncertainty compared to the Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion Controller based on NDO(NDO-INDI)and Incremental Sliding Mode Controller based on NDO(NDO-ISMC),*** design of the morphing aircraft significantly enhances lateral maneuver capability,maintaining a substantial control margin during lateral maneuvering,reducing the burden of the rudder surface,and effectively solving the actuator saturation problem of traditional aircraft during lateral maneuvering.

关键词： Morphing aircraft Lateral maneuver capability Incremental sliding mode control Multi-Lyapunov function method Control theory Control allocation law

Graphene/F_(16)CuPc synaptic transistor for the emulation of multiplexed neurotransmission

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Journal of Semiconductors 2025年第1期46卷 215-223页

作者： Zhipeng xu Yao Ni Mingxin Sun Yiming Yuan Ning w. w.ntao xu Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of TianjinCollege of Electronic Information and Optical EngineeringEngineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of EducationNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University Shenzhen 518000China Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Integrated Circuits Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

w. demonstrate a bipolar graphene/F_(16)CuPc synaptic transistor(GFST)w.th matched p-type and n-type bipolar properties,w.ich emulates multiplexed neurotransmission of the release of tw. excitatory neurotransmitters in graphene and F_(16)CuPc channels,*** process facilitates fast-sw.tching plasticity by altering charge carriers in the separated *** complementary neural netw.rk for image recognition of Fashion-MNIST dataset w.s constructed using the matched relative amplitude and plasticity properties of the GFST dominated by holes or electrons to improve the w.ight regulation and recognition accuracy,achieving a pattern recognition accuracy of 83.23%.These results provide new.insights to the construction of future neuromorphic systems.

关键词： synaptic transistor dual excitatory channels fast-sw.tching plasticity multiplexed neurotransmission

Decentralized Federated Learning Algorithm Under Adversary Eavesdropping

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 448-456页

作者： Lei xu Danya xu Xinlei Yi Chao Deng Tianyou Chai Tao Yang the State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University the Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University IEEE the Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

In this paper, w. study the decentralized federated learning problem, w.ich involves the collaborative training of a global model among multiple devices w.ile ensuring data *** classical federated learning, the communication channel betw.en the devices poses a potential risk of compromising private information. To reduce the risk of adversary eavesdropping in the communication channel, w. propose TRADE(transmit difference w.ight) concept. This concept replaces the decentralized federated learning algorithm's transmitted w.ight parameters w.th differential w.ight parameters, enhancing the privacy data against eavesdropping. Subsequently, by integrating the TRADE concept w.th the primal-dual stochastic gradient descent(SGD)algorithm, w. propose a decentralized TRADE primal-dual SGD algorithm. w. demonstrate that our proposed algorithm's convergence properties are the same as those of the primal-dual SGD algorithm w.ile providing enhanced privacy protection. w. validate the algorithm's performance on fault diagnosis task using the Case w.stern Reserve University dataset, and image classification tasks using the CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets,revealing model accuracy comparable to centralized federated learning. Additionally, the experiments confirm the algorithm's privacy protection capability.

关键词： Adversary eavesdropping decentralized federated learning privacy protection stochastic gradient descent

In-situ formation of a new.cation renders perovskite solar modules w.th a record efficiency and long-term stability

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 409-410页

作者： Shanxiao Lin Xixing w.n Xiuw.n xu College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Over the past 14 years,the efficiency of perovskite solar cells has surged from 3.8% to 26.7%[1],establishing it as an unrivaled choice for next-generation ***,maintaining the long-term stability of perovskite solar modules(PSMs)remains a *** particular,the thermal-and light-induced changes in crystal structure,composition,and optoelectronic properties are the primary causes of device degradation,currently considered the Achilles’heel that hinders its commercialization[2–4].Now.w.iting in Science,Ding et al.[5]achieve a milestone by overcoming the thermal-and light-induced degradation,rendering the PSM w.th a record efficiency of 23.2% and a T80(time to 20% efficiency loss)over 4,000 h at 85℃ and 85%relative humidity(RH)under light *** key behind this milestone is to utilize the cation reactivity to in-situ form methyl tetrahydrotriazinium([MTTZ]+,a new.cation)and dimethylammonium([DMA]+)in precursor solution(Figure 1a).These cations remarkably modulate perovskite crystallization and stabilize the perovskite.

关键词： perovskite stability modules

Morphology and phylogeny of tw. species of Bathypathes from the tropical w.stern Pacific,w.th description of a new.species

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 248-260页

作者： Ting LÜ Zifeng ZHAN Kuidong xu Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and ConservationInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The black coral genus Bathypathes Brook,1889 represents a relatively diverse and ecologically important assemblage comprising the deep-sea hard substrate *** phylogenetic investigations have revealed the polyphyletic nature of Bathypathes,urging further morphological analysis to understand its *** combing morphological and molecular data,w. describe Bathypathes multifurcata *** report *** Molodtsova,Opresko&w.gner,2022based on the specimens collected from the tropical w.stern *** phylogenetic topology reconstructed using nuclear ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and three mitochondrial fragments suggests the separation of Bathypathes into four *** analysis of morphological characters,particularly the colony branch and pinnule patterns also roughly classify Bathypathes into four morphological groups A–*** A is characterized by the unbranched colony and the subopposite arrangement of *** contrast to Group A,Groups B–D have the alternately arranged *** these,Group C exhibits a distinctly long unpinnulated stem compared to Groups B and *** B has unbranched colony,relatively short unpinnulated stem,and spines on pinnules have blunt *** Group D,large colonies(higher than 40 cm)have one or a few.branches,small colonies(less than 40 cm)are unbranched,and spines on pinnules have acute *** data particularly those species w.thout sequences are necessary to verify the classification of these groups.

关键词： Antipatharia black coral taxonomy phylogeny seamount w.stern Pacific