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Effect of temperature on tribofilm growth and the lubrication of the piston ring-cylinder liner system in two-stroke marine engines

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Friction 2024年第8期12卷 1858-1881页

作者： xiuyi lyu Jiang HU Yunchuan WANG Jinlu SHENG Xuan MA Tongyang LI Chang GE Xiqun LU Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing 400074China Chongqing Metropolitan College of Science and Technology Chongqing 402167China Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001China Yantai Zhongke Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering Yantai 264006China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

This study is an optimized extension based on the authors’previous research on the tribo-chemical reaction under constant temperature field of two-stroke internal combustion engines(ICEs).It establishes a coupled analysis model that considers the tribo-chemical reactions,dynamic contact,and interface lubrication of the piston ring-cylinder liner(PRCL)system under transient temperature *** this study,for the first time,the prediction of the tribofilm thickness and its influence on the surface micro-topography(the comprehensive roughness)are coupled in the working temperature field of the PRCL system,forming an effective model framework and providing a model basis and analytical basis for subsequent *** study findings reveal that by incorporating temperature and tribofilm into the simulation model,the average friction deviation throughout the stroke decreases from 8.92%to 0.93%when compared to experimental ***,the deviation during the combustion regime reduces from 39.56%to 7.34%.The proposed coupled model provides a valuable tool for the evaluation of lubrication performance of the PRCL system and supports the analysis software forward design in two-stroke ICEs.

关键词： tribofilm piston ring-cylinder liner(PRCL)system temperature comprehensive roughness two-stroke internal combustion engines(ICEs)

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Immersive visualization of 3D subsurface ground model developed from sparse boreholes using virtual reality(VR)

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Underground Space 2024年第4期17卷 188-206页

作者： Borui lyu Yu Wang Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina

Analytics and visualization of multi-dimensional and complex geo-data,such as three-dimensional(3D)subsurface ground models,is critical for development of underground space and design and construction of underground structures(e.g.,tunnels,dams,and slopes)in engineering *** complicated 3D subsurface ground models now can be developed from site investigation data(e.g.,boreholes)which is often sparse in practice,it remains a great challenge to visualize a 3D subsurface ground model with sophisticated stratigraphic variations by conventional two-dimensional(2D)geological *** reality(VR)technology,which has an attractive capability of constructing a virtual environment that links to the physical world,has been rapidly developed and applied to visualization in various disciplines *** on the rapid development of VR,this study proposes a framework for immersive visualization of 3D subsurface ground models in geo-applications using VR *** 3D subsurface model is first developed from limited borehole data in a data-driven ***,a VR system is developed using related software and hardware devices currently available in the markets for immersive visualization and interaction with the developed 3D subsurface ground *** results demonstrate that VR visualization of the 3D subsurface ground model in an immersive environment has great potential in revolutionizing the geo-practices from 2D cross-sections to a 3D immersive virtual environment in digital era,particularly for the emerging digital twins.

关键词： Immersive visualization 3D subsurface model Virtual reality Virtual environment Interaction

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Macro-micro behaviors and failure mechanism of frozen weakly cemented mudstone

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1337-1347页

作者： Xianzhou lyu Jijie Du Hao Fu Dawei lyu Weiming Wang College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China

Understanding the mechanical properties and multiscale failure mechanism of frozen soft rock is an important prerequisite for the construction safety of tunnels,artificially frozen ground and other infrastructure in cold *** this study,the triaxial compression test are performed on mudstone in the weakly cemented soft rock strata in the mining area of western China,and the mechanical characteristics and failure mechanism of weakly cemented mudstone are systematically investigated under the combined action of freezing and ***,the quantitative relationship between the microstructural parameters and the macroscopic strength and deformation parameters is established based on fractal ***,the failure mechanism of frozen weakly cemented mudstone is revealed on both micro- and *** results show that temperature and confining pressure significantly affects the elastic modulus and peak strength of weakly cemented *** decreasing temperature,the compressive strength increases,while the corresponding peak strain decreases *** the deformation curve,the plastic deformation stage is shortened,and the brittle fracture feature at the post-peak stage is more prominent,and the elastic modulus correspondingly increases with decreasing *** low-temperature conditions,most of the weakly cemented mudstone undergoes microscopic shear failure along the main fracture *** micro-fracture morphology characteristics of weakly cemented mudstone under different temperatures are quantified via the fractal dimension,and an approximately exponential relationship can be obtained among the fractal dimension and the temperature,compressive strength and elastic modulus.

关键词： Weakly cemented mudstone Artificial freezing Mechanical properties Linkage destruction mechanism Fractal dimension

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Model-based investigation on building thermal mass utilization and flexibility enhancement of air conditioning loads

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Building Simulation 2024年第8期17卷 1289-1308页

作者： Yue Sun Tianyi Zhao Shan lyu Institute of Building Energy School of Infrastructure EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China School of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Building air conditioning systems(ACs)can contribute to the stable operation of power grids by participating in peak load shaving programs,but the participants need a fast and accurate zone temperature prediction model,e.g.,the detailed room thermal-resistance(RC)model,to improve peak shaving effect and avoid obvious thermal ***,when applying the detailed room RC model to multi-zone buildings,conventional studies mostly consider the heat transfer among neighboring rooms,which contributes little to the prediction accuracy improvement,but leads to complicated model structure and heavy ***,a distributed RC model is developed for multi-zone buildings in this *** to conventional models,the proposed model considers the total heat transfer between the building and the air,and ignores the heat transfer among indoor air in neighboring rooms through internal walls with heavy thermal mass,thereby having comparable temperature prediction accuracy,simpler structure,and stronger *** on the model,the effectiveness of passive pre-cooling strategies in reducing the air conditioning loads during peak periods is *** indicate that the thermal insulation performance of opaque building envelope is quite important to the flexibility enhancement of air conditioning *** an uninsulated building envelope,passive pre-cooling is useless for the peak load *** comparison,well insulated opaque building envelope enables the building thermal mass to be utilized through passive pre-cooling,which leads to the air conditioning loads during peak periods being further reduced by about 12%.

关键词： RC model passive pre-cooling internal thermal mass building energy flexibility

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Amorphous hybrid tungsten oxide–nickel hydroxide nanosheets used as a highly efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2499-2508页

作者： Chao lyu Chenghai Dai Yiwei Tan State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

There are more challenges for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)via simultaneously expediting the electron-coupled water dissociation process(Volmer step)and the following electrochemical H_(2) desorption(Heyrovsky step).Hybrid amorphous electrocatalysts are highly desirable for efficient hydrogen evolution from water-alkali electrolyzers due to the bifunctionality for the different elementary steps of HER and optimal interactions with water molecules and the reactive hydrogen intermediates(Had).Herein,the synthesis of amorphous hybrid ultrathin(tungsten oxide/nickel hydroxide)hydrate(a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O)nanosheets on nickel foam(NF)for efficient alkaline HER is *** structural and composition features of a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O are characterized in *** resulting a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O/NF electrocatalyst with the synergistic effect of both hybrid components for the HER elementary steps shows greatly improved the activity and durability for the HER with a low overpotential of-41 and-163 mV at-10 and-500 mA·cm^(-2),respectively,a Tafel slope as low as-72.9 mV·dec^(-1),and long-term stability of continuous electrolysis for at least 150 h accompanying by inappreciable overpotential change in 1 M *** the hybrid a-[WO_(3)/Ni(OH)_(2)]·0.2H_(2)O,Ni(OH)_(2) and WO_(3) moieties are separately responsible for accelerating dissociative adsorption of water and weakening Had adsorption strength,which is beneficial to the improvement of the alkaline HER activity.

关键词： amorphous nanomaterial bimetallic electrocatalyst tungsten oxide ultrathin nanosheet hydrogen evolution reaction

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Pre-combustion mercury removal with co-production of hydrogen via coal electrolysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 382-389页

作者： Xiang lyu Runming Tao Tianyu Zhang Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department Ohio University165 Stocker CenterAthensOH45701USA Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Pre-combustion mercury removal via coal electrolysis was performed and investigated on a bench-scale coal electrolytic cell(CEC)systemically,and factorial design was used to determine the effect of different operating conditions(coal particle size,operating temperature,operating cell voltage,and flow rate of slurry)on the percentage of mercury removal,percentage of ash removal,and dry heating value *** results showed that the operating cell voltage,as well as the interaction between operating cell voltage and coal particle size,are significant factors in the percentage of mercury *** is no significant factor in the percentage of ash removal and the dry heating value change,but the coal could be purified while keeping the dry heating value almost constant after electrolysis.A co-product of hydrogen could be produced during coal electrolysis with 50%lower energy consumption compared with water ***,a mechanism for mercury removal in coal was *** facts indicate that coal electrolysis is a promising method for precombustion mercury removal.

关键词： Pre-combustion mercury removal Coal electrolysis Ash removal Dry heating value Hydrogen production

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Challenges and opportunities in rare cancer research in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 274-285页

作者： Jianxin Xue Qunyan lyu Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment Cancer CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing 100085China

Cancer is one of the major public health challenges in *** cancers collectively account for a considerable proportion of all *** lack of awareness of rare cancers among healthcare professionals and the general public,the typically complex and delayed diagnosis,and limited access to clinical trials are key *** years have witnessed an increase in funding for research related to rare cancers in *** this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of rare cancers and summarize the status of research on rare cancers in China and overseas,including the trends of funding and *** also highlight the challenges and perspectives regarding rare cancers in China.

关键词： rare cancers basic research clinical research preclinical model funding scheme

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活塞环周向张力仿真计算及试验验证方法

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内燃机学报 2023年第5期41卷 473-479页

作者：焦博文张涛马旋吕修颐刘志刚哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院黑龙江哈尔滨150001 92942部队北京100073 重庆交通大学航运与船舶工程学院重庆400074

基于Maxwell-Mohr定理建立活塞环自由型线模型,活塞环自由型线和截面尺寸作为输入建立了活塞环/缸套的三维有限元接触模型,得到活塞环/缸套接触力.设计并搭建了活塞环周向张力测量试验台,通过试验很难测得活塞环/缸套整个接触面的接触力... 详细信息

基于Maxwell-Mohr定理建立活塞环自由型线模型,活塞环自由型线和截面尺寸作为输入建立了活塞环/缸套的三维有限元接触模型,得到活塞环/缸套接触力.设计并搭建了活塞环周向张力测量试验台,通过试验很难测得活塞环/缸套整个接触面的接触力(分布力),而只能测得有限个点的支反力(集中力).提出了分布力与集中力的等效原理模型,实现了对活塞环/缸套接触力模型的验证.结果表明:试验结果与仿真结果在345°位置处有最大误差为8.75%,其他位置具有较好的一致性,整体误差在可接受范围内.该模型为活塞环设计提供了理论依据,且可作为活塞环摩擦、润滑分析的输入,来提高计算的准确性.

关键词：活塞环有限元张力分布试验台架力等效模型

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Single transmembrane GPCR modulating proteins:neither single nor simple

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Protein & Cell 2024年第6期15卷 395-402页

作者： Meng Wang Jianjun lyu Chao Zhang Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China Hubei Topgene Research Institute of Hubei Topgene Biotechnology Co. LtdEast Lake High-Tech Development ZoneWuhan 430205China Fundamental Research Center Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center)Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The discovery of G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)accessory proteins has fundamentally redefined the pharmacological concept of GPCR signaling,demonstrating a more complex molecular basis for receptor specificity on the plasma membrane and impressionable downstream intracellular *** accessory proteins not only contribute to the proper folding and trafficking of receptors but also exhibit selectable receptor preferences.

关键词： specificity GPCR neither

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Real-Time 3D Ultrasound Imaging System Based on a Hybrid Reconstruction Algorithm

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 245-255页

作者： Yifei lyu Yu SHEN Mingbo ZHANG Junchen WANG School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University The First Medical Center General Hospital of Chinese PLA

As a safe and convenient imaging technology in clinical routine diagnosis, ultrasound imaging can provide real-time 2D images of internal tissues and organs. To realize real-time 3D image reconstruction, pixel nearest neighbor interpolation(PNN) reconstruction algorithm and Bezier interpolation algorithm are combined into a hybrid reconstruction algorithm. On this basis, a real-time interactive 3D ultrasound imaging system is *** temporal calibration and spatial calibration, the six degrees of freedom poses of 2D ultrasound images can be accurately collected. The 3D volume reconstructed by the proposed 3D reconstruction algorithm is visualized by volume rendering. A multi-thread software system allows parallel operation of data acquisition, 3D reconstruction,volume visualization and other functions. 3D imaging experiments on a 3D printing femur model, a neck phantom and the neck of human volunteers were performed for systematic evaluation. When the reconstruction voxel size was set to be(0.53 mm3, 1.03 mm3, 1.53 mm3), the reconstruction errors of the femur and trachea model were respectively(0.23 mm, 0.31 mm, 0.56 mm) and(0.62 mm, 0.88 mm, 1.41 mm). Clinical feasibility was demonstrated by application of the 3D ultrasound imaging on the neck of human volunteers.

关键词： Interpolation Three-dimensional displays Ultrasonic imaging Imaging Data visualization Reconstruction algorithms Real-time systems

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