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A Review of Atmospheric Electricity Research in China from 2011 to 2018

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第9期36卷 994-1014页

作者： xiushu qie Yijun ZHANG Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China College of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Atmospheric electricity research has been conducted actively in China,having profited from the development and application of high temporal and spatial resolution lightning detection and location technologies.This paper reviews the scientific advances made in the field of atmospheric electricity in China from 2011 to 2018,covering the following five aspects:(1)lightning detection and location techniques;(2)discharge processes and parameters associated with rocket-triggered lightning;(3)physical processes in natural lightning and attachment to the ground;(4)lightning activities and charge structure in different thunderstorms;and(5)effects of thunderstorms on the upper atmosphere.In addition,some outstanding questions for future research are outlined.

关键词： atmospheric electricity lightning thunderstorm lightning location techniques

Investigating Lightning Characteristics through a Supercell Storm by Comprehensive Coordinated Observations over North China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第8期37卷 861-872页

作者： Dongxia LIU xiushu qie Yichen CHEN Zhuling SUN Shanfeng YUAN Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChina Academy ScienceBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Beijing Weather Modification Office Beijing 100089China

Electrical characteristics of an isolated supercell storm observed on 13 June 2014 over Beijing were investigated using lightning data obtained from the Beijing Lightning Network,radar reflectivity,and hydrometeor retrievals during the 6-h lifetime.Positive cloud-to-ground(+CG)lightning took a high percentage of CG lightning.Before and during a hail event,+CG lightning was more frequent than negative cloud-to-ground(-CG)lightning,except that+CG lightning took a high percentage at the beginning and in the dissipating stage.After the hail event ended,-CG lightning dominated and reached its maximum value.An analysis of hydrometeors retrieved by X-band polarimetric radar revealed that the discharge concentrated in the convective region with graupel particles and hailstones,whereas graupel,snow and ice crystals in the stratiform region.Lightning radiation sources were located mainly in the convective region,some of which were distributed along a gradient of radar reflectivity from the convective region to the stratiform region.The indication is that the supercell demonstrated an inverted tripole charge structure before the hail event,which converted to a normal tripole structure after the hail event.

关键词： lightning supercell Beijing Lightning Network charge structure

Simulation of Quasi-Linear Mesoscale Convective Systems in Northern China：Lightning Activities and Storm Structure

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第1期33卷 85-100页

作者： Wanli LI xiushu qie Shenming FU Debin SU Yonghai SHEN Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Meteorological Administration Training Center Beijing 100081 International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Meteorological Observation Center of Beijing Meteorological Bureau Beijing 100089

Two intense quasi-linear mesoscale convective systems（QLMCSs） in northern China were simulated using the WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting） model and the 3D-Var（three-dimensional variational） analysis system of the ARPS（Advanced Regional Prediction System） model.A new method in which the lightning density is calculated using both the precipitation and non-precipitation ice mass was developed to reveal the relationship between the lightning activities and QLMCS structures.Results indicate that,compared with calculating the results using two previous methods,the lightning density calculated using the new method presented in this study is in better accordance with observations.Based on the calculated lightning densities using the new method,it was found that most lightning activity was initiated on the right side and at the front of the QLMCSs,where the surface wind field converged intensely.The CAPE was much stronger ahead of the southeastward progressing QLMCS than to the back it,and their lightning events mainly occurred in regions with a large gradient of CAPE.Comparisons between lightning and non-lightning regions indicated that lightning regions featured more intense ascending motion than non-lightning regions;the vertical ranges of maximum reflectivity between lightning and non-lightning regions were very different;and the ice mixing ratio featured no significant differences between the lightning and non-lightning regions.

关键词： quasi-linear mesoscale convective system,Weather Research and Forecasting model,Advanced Regional Prediction System model,precipitation and non-precipitation ice

Propagation of positive, negative, and recoil leaders in upward lightning flashes

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2019年第2期3卷 102-110页

作者： xiushu qie ShanFeng Yuan HongBo Zhang RuBin Jiang ZhiJun Wu MingYuan Liu ZhuLing Sun YunJiao Pu JinLiang Li Abhay Srivastava ZiLong Ma GaoPeng Lu Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of information Science & Technology College of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Meteorological Service Center Fujian Meteorological Bureau

Leader propagation is a fundamental issue in lightning physics. The propagation characteristics of positive leaders and negative leaders are summarized and compared based on data from high-speed camera and electromagnetic field in rocket-triggered lightning and tower-initiated lightning discharges; available channel base current data recorded in rocket-triggered lightning are also used. The negative leaders propagate in a stepped fashion accompanied by many branches. The stems ahead of the negative leader tip determine the manner and direction of the leader propagation, and even the branching and winding of the lightning channel. The impulsive current, electromagnetic field, and related optical images suggest that the positive leader may develop in a step-like fashion at its initial stage of triggered lightning. However, the stepping processes of the positive leader are obviously different from those of the negative leader. Tower-initiated lightning revealed that the most conspicuous characteristics of the stepwise positive leader involve the intermittent brush-like corona zone in front of the leader tip and the luminosity enhancement of the channel behind the tip. In rockettriggered lightning flashes, the charge transferred during an individual step for the negative leader was nearly an order greater than for the positive counterpart. The successive streamers ahead of the leader tip are essential for both negative and positive leader propagation, and the stems could be formed from one or more streamers in the previous negative streamer zone with the main leader channel dim. High-resolution observation of tower lightning also revealed a new type of bidirectional recoil leader, with polarity contrary to the traditional one, traversing in negative channels associated with tower-initiated and rocket-triggered lightning.

关键词： lightning propagation negative leader positive leader recoil leader

Review of Chinese atmospheric science research over the past 70 years: Atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第12期62卷 1903-1945页

作者： Tijian WANG Taichang GAO Hongsheng ZHANG Maofa GE Hengchi LEI Peichang ZHANG Peng ZHANG Chunsong LU Chao LIU Hua ZHANG Qiang ZHANG Hong LIAO Haidong KAN Zhaozhong FENG Yijun ZHANG xiushu qie Xuhui CAI Mengmeng LI Lei LIU Shengrui TONG School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyNanjing 211101China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Environmental Health School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Environmental Science College of Environmental Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China 70 years ago,the subject of atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment has developed rapidly in China,providing important support for the development of atmospheric science and guarantee for the development of national economy.In this paper,the general advancement of atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment in last 70 years was described.The main research progress of atmospheric physics and atmospheric environment in the past 40 years of reform and opening-up was reviewed,the outstanding research achievements since the 21 st century were summarized,the major problems and challenges are pointed out,and the key directions and suggestions for future development are put forward.

关键词： Atmospheric physics Atmospheric environment Atmospheric sounding Atmospheric chemistry Atmospheric remote sensing

Lightning Activity and Its Relation to the Intensity of Typhoons over the Northwest Pacific Ocean

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第3期31卷 581-592页

作者： PAN Lunxiang qie xiushu WANG Dongfang Key Laboratory of the Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology

ABSTRACT Data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network （WWLLN） were used to analyze the lightning activity and the relationship between maximum sustained wind and lightning rate in 69 tropical cyclones over the Northwest Pacific Ocean from 2005 to 2009. The minimum lightning density was observed in the category 2 typhoon Kong-Rey （2007）, with a value of only 1.15 d-1 （100 kin）-2. The maximum lightning density occurred in the category 2 typhoon Mitag （2007）, with a value of 510.42 d-1 （100 km）-2. The average lightning density decreased with radius from the typhoon center in both weak （categories 1-3） and super （categories 4-5） typhoons. The average lightning density in the inner core of super typhoons was more than twice as large as that for weak typhoons. Both groups of typhoons showed a near-monotonic decrease in lightning density with radius. Results also showed that lightning activity was more active in typhoons that made landfall than in those that did not. The mean correlation coefficient between the accumulated flashes within a 600-kin radius and the maximum wind speed in the weak typhoons and super typhoons was 0.81 and 0.74, respectively. For more than 78% （56%） of the super （weak） typhoons, the lightning activity peaked before the maximum sustained wind speed, with the most common leading time being 30 （60） h. The results suggest that, for the Northwest Pacific Ocean, lightning activity might be used as a measurement of the intensification of typhoons.

关键词： lightning typhoon intensity WWLLN

Charge Structure of a Summer Thunderstorm in North China:Simulation Using a Regional Atmospheric Model System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第5期31卷 1022-1034页

作者： LIU Dongxia qie xiushu PENG Liang LI Wanli Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology National Center of Atmospheric Research China Meteorological Administration Training Center

Electrification and simple discharge schemes are coupled into a 3D Regional Atmospheric Model System （RAMS） as microphysical parameterizations, in accordance with electrical experiment results. The dynamics, microphysics, and electrifi- cation components are fully integrated into the RAMS model, and the inductive and non-inductive electrification mechanisms are considered in the charging process. The results indicate that the thunderstorm mainly had a normal tripole charge structure. The simulated charge structure and lightning frequency are basically consistent with observations of the lightning radiation source distribution. The non-inductive charging mechanism contributed to the electrification during the whole lifetime of the thunderstorm, while the inductive electrification mechanism played a significant role in the development period and the mature stage when the electric field reached a large value. The charge structure in the convective region and the rearward region are analyzed, showing that the charge density in the convective region was double that in the rearward region.

关键词： RAMS electrification parameterization discharge parameterization charge structure thunderstorm

Understanding the dynamical-microphysical-electrical processes associated with severe thunderstorms over the Beijing metropolitan region

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第1期64卷 10-26页

作者： xiushu qie Shanfeng YUAN Zhixiong CHEN Dongfeng WANG Dongxia LIU Mengyu SUN Zhuling SUN Abhay SRIVASTAVA Hongbo ZHANG Jingyu LU Hui XIAO Yongheng BI Liang FENG Ye TIAN Yan XU Rubin JIANG Mingyuan LIU Xian XIAO Shu DUAN Debin SU Chengyun SUN Wenjing XU Yijun ZHANG Gaopeng LU Da-Lin ZHANG Yan YIN Ye YU Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of A tmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China College of Atmospheric Science Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Earth and Planetary Science University of Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Meteorological Observation Centre Beijing Meteorological BureauBeijing 100081China Jiangxi Weather Modification Nanchang 330096China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of MarylandMaryland 20742USA

The Dynamical-microphysical-electrical Processes in Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning Hazards(STORM973)project conducted coordinated comprehensive field observations of thunderstorms in the Beijing metropolitan region(BMR)during the warm season from 2014 to 2018.The aim of the project was to understand how dynamical,microphysical and electrical processes interact in severe thunderstorms in the BMR,and how to assimilate lightning data in numerical weather prediction models to improve severe thunderstorm forecasts.The platforms used in the field campaign included the Beijing Lightning Network(BLNET,consisting of 16 stations),2 X-band dual linear polarimetric Doppler radars,and 4 laser raindrop spectrometers.The collaboration also made use of the China Meteorological Administration’s mesoscale meteorological observation network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Although diverse thunderstorm types were documented,it was found that squall lines and multicell storms were the two major categories of severe thunderstorms with frequent lightning activity and extreme rainfall or unexpected local short-duration heavy rainfall resulting in inundations in the central urban area,influenced by the terrain and environmental conditions.The flash density maximums were found in eastern Changping District,central and eastern Shunyi District,and the central urban area of Beijing,suggesting that the urban heat island effect has a crucial role in the intensification of thunderstorms over Beijing.In addition,the flash rate associated with super thunderstorms can reach hundreds of flashes per minute in the central city regions.The super(5%of the total),strong(35%),and weak(60%)thunderstorms contributed about 37%,56%,and 7%to the total flashes in the BMR,respectively.Owing to the close connection between lightning activity and the thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics of the thunderstorms,the lightning flash rate can be used as an indicator of severe weather events,such as hail and short-duration heavy rainfall.Lightning data

关键词： Lightning 3D location Dual linear polarimetric Doppler radar Severe thunderstorm Lightning data assimilation Hail Short-term heavy precipitation

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我国大气电学研究的最新进展

大气科学 2024年第1期48卷 51-75页

作者：郄秀书朱江皖底绍轩骆烁名黄子凡刘冬霞张鸿波袁善锋刘明远孙竹玲徐晨孙春发王东方蒋如斌杨静中国科学院大气物理研究所中层大气和全球环境探测重点实验室(LAGEO) 北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049

大气电学主要研究地球大气和近地空间发生的电学过程及其机理和影响,其核心研究内容是雷电物理和雷暴电学。自1980年代以来,中国大气电学研究不断取得新的进展,特别是近年来,得益于高时间分辨率雷电探测技术的进步,大气电学研究不仅在... 详细信息

大气电学主要研究地球大气和近地空间发生的电学过程及其机理和影响,其核心研究内容是雷电物理和雷暴电学。自1980年代以来,中国大气电学研究不断取得新的进展,特别是近年来,得益于高时间分辨率雷电探测技术的进步,大气电学研究不仅在雷电物理学和雷暴云电荷结构方面取得了重要成果,也在雷电和雷暴对近地空间的影响、强对流天气的雷电特征、以及雷电资料同化和预警预报等方面取得了重要进展。本文从六个方面对近五年来大气电学的主要研究进展进行回顾,包括高精度雷电探测和定位技术、雷电物理过程和机制、雷暴对中上层大气的影响、雷暴云电荷结构的观测和数值模拟、强对流天气的雷电特征与预报、雷电对气候变化的影响与响应等,最后对大气电学未来发展进行展望。

关键词：大气电学雷暴雷电强对流天气资料同化和预警预报