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Comparison of the effect of different external electrodes on discharge plasma-assisted diffusion flame stabilization

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第10期26卷 123-132页

作者： Siyin ZHOU Xiang LIU Wansheng nie Shuhui YUAN Space Engineering University Beijing 101416People’s Republic of China

To optimize the design of plasma injectors,the influence of different external electrodes on plasma-assisted flame stabilization was assessed by using a nonequilibrium plasma injector flame control *** electrical characteristics of the injector,flame structure parameters,flame intensity,discharge power,and cost-to-effectiveness ratio under different external electrodes(four mesh electrodes and one copper foil electrode)were analyzed using electrical and optical *** results show that reducing the mesh size of the external electrode leads to a decrease in breakdown *** with a ceramic dielectric barrier-based injector,an injector with a quartz dielectric barrier produces a higher breakdown voltage under the same *** the same actuation voltage,the discharge current increases as the mesh size of the external electrode decreases,and combustion is enhanced by the discharge plasma;therefore,it is better to adopt a smaller mesh hole size to realize good flame stabilization under a lower actuation ***,under the studied working conditions,reducing the mesh hole size of the external electrode increases the cost-to-effectiveness ratio of plasma injector-based flame ***,considering the cost-to-effectiveness ratio and the weight of the injector,an external electrode with a larger mesh hole size should be chosen,which contradicts the above rule.

关键词： flame stabilization alternating current driven dielectric barrier discharge plasma injector plasma-assisted combustion external electrode

Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Sea Level Rise and Tropical Cyclones in Dongzhaigang Mangroves,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第4期34卷 631-646页

作者： DING Ruyi CAI Rongshuo YAN Xiuhua LI Cuihua WANG Cui nie Xinyu Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China

Mangroves play a pivotal role in tropical and subtropical coastal ecosystem,yet they are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change,particularly the accelerated global sea level rise(SLR)and stronger tropical cyclones(TCs).However,there is a lack of research addressing future simultaneous combined impacts of the slow-onset of SLR and rapid-onset of TCs on China's *** order to develop a comprehensive risk assessment method considering the superimposed effects of these two factors and analyze risk for mangroves in Dongzhaigang,Hainan Island,China,we used observational and climate model data to assess the risks to mangroves under low,intermediate,and very high greenhouse gas(GHG)emission scenarios(such as SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5)in 2030,2050,and 2100,and compiled a risk assessment scheme for mangroves in Dongzhaigang,*** results showed that the combined risks from SLR and TCs will continue to rise;however,SLRs will increase in intensity,and TCs will *** comprehensive risk of the Dongzhaigang mangroves posed by climate change will remain low under SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5 scenarios by 2030,but it will increase substantially by *** under SSP5-8.5 scenario,the risks to mangroves in Dongzhaigang are projected to increase considerably by 2050,and approximately 68.8%of mangroves will be at very high risk by *** risk to the Dongzhaigang mangroves is not only influenced by the hazards but also closely linked to their exposure and *** therefore propose climate resilience developmental responses for mangroves to address the effects of climate *** study for the combined impact of TCs and SLR on mangroves in Dongzhaigang,China can enrich the method system of mangrove risk assessment and provide references for scientific management.

关键词： mangrove climate change risk assessment combined hazards sea level rise(SLR) tropical cyclones(TCs) resilience development Dongzhaigang China

Intertwined depressive and cognitive trajectories and the risk of dementia and death in older adults:a competing risk analysis

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 207-215页

作者： Ziyang Ren Lirong nie Yushan Du Jufen Liu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Peking UniversityBeijingChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Background Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment often interact,rendering their associations *** date,their joint trajectories and associations with dementia and death remain *** To explore the interactions between depressive symptoms and cognitive function,their developmental trajectories and the associations with all-cause dementia,Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and all-cause death in older *** Data were from the Health and Retirement *** symptoms and cognitive function were measured using the 8-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status,***-cause dementia and AD were defined by self-reported or proxy-reported physician ***-cause death was determined by *** restricted cubic spline,group-based trajectory modelling and subdistribution hazard regression were *** Significant interactions between depressive symptoms and cognitive function in 2010 in their association with new-onset all-cause dementia and AD from 2010 to 2020 were found,especially in women(p for interaction<0.05).Independent trajectory analysis showed that emerging or high(vs no)depressive trajectories and poor or rapidly decreased cognitive trajectories(vs very good)from 1996 to 2010 were at significantly higher risk of subsequent all-cause dementia,AD and all-cause death.15 joint trajectories of depressive symptoms and cognitive function from 1996 to 2010 were determined,where rapidly decreased cognitive function was more common in those with no depressive *** with older adults with the trajectory of no depressive symptoms and very good cognitive function,those with the trajectory of no depressive symptoms but rapidly decreased cognitive function were much more likely to develop new-onset all-cause dementia and death,with subdistribution hazard ratios(95%confidence intervals)of 4.47(2.99 to 6.67)and 1.84(1.43 to 2.36),especially in wome

关键词： death analysis rendering

Temperature-sensing array using the metal-to-insulator transition of Nd_(x)Sm_(1-x)NiO_(3)

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1694-1700页

作者： Fengbo Yan Ziang Li Hao Zhang Yuchen Cui Kaiqi nie Nuofu Chen Jikun Chen School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Renewable Energy North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Rare-earth nickelates(RENiO_(3))show widely tunable metal-to-insulator transition(MIT)properties with ignorable variations in lattice constants and small latent heat across the critical temperature(TMIT).Particularly,it is worth noting that compared with the more commonly investigated vanadium oxides,the MIT of RENiO_(3)is less abrupt but usually across a wider range of *** sheds light on their alternative applications as negative temperature coefficient resistance(NTCR)thermistors with high sensitivity compared with the current NTCR thermistors,other than their expected use as critical temperature resistance *** this work,we demonstrate the NTCR thermistor functionality for using the adjustable MIT of Nd_(x)Sm_(1-x)NiO_(3)within 200–400 K,which displays larger magnitudes of NTCR(e.g.,more than 7%/K)that is unattainable in traditional NTCR thermistor *** temperature dependence of resistance(R–T)shows sharp variation during the MIT of Nd_(x)Sm_(1-x)NiO_(3)with no hysteresis via decreasing the Nd content(e.g.,x≤0.8),and such a R–T tendency can be linearized by introducing an optimum parallel *** sensitive range of temperature can be further extended to 210–360 K by combining a series of Nd_(x)Sm_(1-x)NiO_(3)with eight rare-earth co-occupation ratios as an array,with a high magnitude of NTCR(e.g.,7%–14%/K)covering the entire range of temperatures.

关键词： rare-earth nickelates metal-to-insulator transition correlated oxides perovskites

A column-shared histogramming TDC with pixel-to-pixel coincidence detection and compact analog counters for Flash LiDAR sensor

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 345-346页

作者： Haoran WU Kaiming nie Jiangtao XU Qinglong LIN Yingying JIAO School of Microelectronics Tianjin University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology

In recent years, Flash LiDAR sensors based on direct timeof-flight(DToF) have been playing an increasingly important role in various 3D imaging fields. In order to perform a histogram on the chip to reduce the data rate, it is inevitable to use a large-size histogramming time-to-digital converter(hTDC) in a Flash LiDAR sensor. However, a large-size hTDC limits the spatial resolution of the sensor.

关键词： Pixels

Research progress toward the influence of mosquito salivary proteins on the transmission of mosquito-borne viruses

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 663-673页

作者： Zhao-Yang Wang Kai-Xiao nie Ji-Chen Niu Gong Cheng Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBejingChina Institute of Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhenGuangdongChina Department of Pathogen Biology School of Basic MedicineShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina

Mosquito-borne viruses(MBVs)are a large class of viruses transmitted mainly through mosquito bites,including dengue virus,Zika virus,Japanese encephalitis virus,West Nile virus,and chikungunya virus,which pose a major threat to the health of people around the *** global warming and extended human activities,the incidence of many MBVs has increased *** saliva contains a variety of bioactive protein *** not only enable blood feeding but also play a crucial role in regulating local infection at the bite site and the remote dissemination of MBVs as well as in remodeling the innate and adaptive immune responses of host ***,we review the physiological functions of mosquito salivary proteins(MSPs)in detail,the influence and the underlying mechanism of MSPs on the transmission of MBVs,and the current progress and issues that urgently need to be addressed in the research and development of MSP-based MBV transmission blocking vaccines.

关键词： immune response mosquito-borne virus mosquito salivary protein saliva vaccine transmission

Simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide from flue gas by phosphorus sludge:The performance and absorption mechanism

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 212-221页

作者： Yuanyuan Yin Xujun Wang Lei Xu Binbin He Yunxiang nie Yi Mei Faculty of Chemical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Saving in Phosphorus Chemical Engineering and New Phosphorus Materials Kunming 650500China The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Phosphorus Chemical Engineering of Yunnan Province Kunming 650500China

Developing low-cost and green simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification technologies is of great significance for sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))and nitrogen oxide(NO_(x))emission control at low temperatures,especially for small and medium-sized coal-fired boilers and ***,phosphorus sludge,an industrial waste from the production process of yellow phosphorus,has been developed to simultaneously eliminate SO_(2)and NO_(x)from coal-fired flue *** key factors affecting the experimental results indicate that desulfurization and denitrification efficiency of over 95%can be achieved at a low temperature of 55℃.Further,the absorption mechanism was investigated by characterizing the solid and liquid phases of the phosphorus sludge during the absorption *** efficient removal of SO_(2)is attributed to the abundance of iron(Fe^(3+))and manganese(Mn^(2+))in the ***_(2)can be rapidly catalyzed and converted to SO_(4)^(2-)by *** key to NOx removal is the oxidation of NO toward watersoluble high-valent nitrogen oxides by oxidizing reactive substances induced via yellow phosphorus,which are then absorbed by water and converted to NO_(3)^(-).Meanwhile,yellow phosphorus is oxidized to phosphoric acid(H_(3)PO_(4)).The spent absorption slurry can be reused through wet process phosphoric acid production,as it contains sulfuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4)),nitric acid(HNO_(3)),and H_(3)PO_(4).Accordingly,this is a technology with broad application prospects.

关键词： Absorption Oxidation Multiphase reaction Phosphorus sludge Yellow phosphorus Low temperature

An integrated technology for the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3)in a high-gravity environment

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第8期72卷 117-125页

作者： Kangrui nie Ruize Shang Fuming Miao Liuxiang Wang Youzhi Liu Weizhou Jiao Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Intensification and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

In this study,an integrated technology is proposed for the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3)in a high-gravity *** effects of absorbent type,high-gravity factor,gas/liquid ratio,and initial BaCl2concentration on the absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)and the preparation of BaCO_(3)are *** results reveal that the absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)follow the order of ethyl alkanolamine(MEA)>diethanol amine(DEA)>N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA),and thus MEA is the most effective absorbent for CO_(2)*** absorption rate and amount of CO_(2)under high gravity are higher than that under normal ***,the absorption rate at 75 min under high gravity is approximately 2 times that under normal *** is because the centrifugal force resulting from the high-speed rotation of the packing can greatly increase gas-liquid mass transfer and *** particle size of BaCO_(3)prepared in the rotating packed bed is in the range of 57.2—89 nm,which is much smaller than that prepared in the bubbling reactor(>100.3 nm),and it also has higher purity(99.6%)and larger specific surface area(14.119 m^(2)·g^(-1)).It is concluded that the high-gravity technology has the potential to increase the absorption and utilization of CO_(2)in alkanolamine solution for the preparation of BaCO_(3).This study provides new insights into carbon emissions reduction and carbon utilization.

关键词： High-gravity technology Wet absorption CO_(2)capture Enhanced mass transfer CO_(2)utilization Barium carbonate

Hematite-facilitated microbial ammoxidation for enhanced nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 35-45页

作者： Hao Qin Wenbo nie Duo Yi Dongxu Yang Mengli Chen Tao Liu Yi Chen Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment(Ministry of Education) Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China College of Environment and Ecology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Constructed wetlands(CWs)are widely applied for decentralized wastewater ***,achieving efficient removal of ammonia(NH+-N)has proven challenging due to insufficient *** this study,natural hematite(Fe,O3)was employed as a CW substrate(H-CWs)for the first time to drive anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupled with iron(I)reduction(Feammox).Compared to gravel constructed wetlands(G-CWs),ammonia removal was enhanced by 38.14%to 54.03%and nitrous oxide(N_(2)0)emissions were reduced by 34.60%in *** synergistic removal of ammonia and nitrate by H-CWs also resulted in the absence of ammoxidation *** and 15N isotope tracer incubations showed that Feammox accounting for approximately 40%of all ammonia removal in the *** enrichment of iron phosphate(Fe_(3)Fe_(4)(PO_(4))_(6))promoted the accumulation of the Feammox intermediate compound *** nanowires were observed on the surface of H-CW substrates as well,suggesting that the observed biological ammoxidation was most likely related to extracellular electron transfer(EET).Microbial and metagenomics analysis revealed that H-CWs elevated the integrity and enhanced the abundance of functional microorganisms and genes associated with nitrogen ***,the efficient ammonia removal in the absence of O2 together with a reduction in N_(2)O emissions as described in this study may provide useful guidance for hematite-mediated anaerobic ammonia removal in CWs.

关键词： Constructed wetlands Nitrogen removal Feammox Hematite Iron cycle