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Hybrid electromechanical properties of hetero-doped and homogeneously bonded dual-mode pressure sensor for indoor body area network node

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 240-253页

作者： Junbin YU Shuai XIAN Jinbiao MU Min WANG Yin WANG Xiaojuan HOU Le ZHANG Jian HE Jiliang MU xiujian chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of China Sichuan Aerospace Fenghuo Servo Control Technology Corporation

Pressure sensors are considerably important for continuous monitoring of human movement and the surrounding environment to construct a caregiving system for the elderly living alone.The challenge for pressure sensors that still remains is combining self-driven,comfort,and multifunctionalization.Herein,an all-in-one conformal pressure sensor(ACPS) based on a homogeneous integrated triboelectric-piezoelectric hybrid sensor is proposed.The ACPS has dual-mode sensing properties due to coupling triboelectrification and piezoelectric effect ensuring a stable response to various external stimulations.Silver-coated glass microspheres and polyacrylonitrile were uniformly filleted into the silicone rubber substrate using a hetero-doping method to create a stretchable electrode layer with flexible conformal characteristics and a piezoelectric layer with excellent piezoelectric properties,respectively.Meanwhile,the triboelectric layer was fabricated using the same silicone rubber,allowing ACPS to be homogeneously bonded into an all-in-one structure with reliable durability.This allowed various functional layers to have outstanding interface characteristics and thus improve the electrical transmission effect.The developed ACPS had outstanding sensitivity(1.04 V/104Pa),high linearity(about 0.984),a wide measurement range(10–700 k Pa),and can accurately and continuously distinguish multiple movements.Furthermore,using a homemade signal processing circuit,ACPSs can be deployed in the human body and the room as indoor body area network nodes.When successfully applied to the remote tracking of daily dynamic home life and the remote operation of small electrical equipment,these ACPSs can achieve real-time caregiving for the elderly living alone.As an application area desperately needed by society,this study envisions a caregiving system for the elderly living alone without violating personal privacy.

关键词： dual-mode pressure sensor homogeneous bonding all-in-onestructure indoor body area network node elderly caregiving microsystem

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Flexible multilayer MEMS coils and their application in energy harvesters

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1282-1293页

作者： ZHANG Jie HOU XiaoJuan QIAN Shuo BI XiaoXue HU DongXu LIU JianJun GENG WenPing MU JiLiang HE Jian chou xiujian Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Software North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

Electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters are promising for the power supply of wireless sensor nodes,small electronic devices,and wearable electronics.Conventional electromagnetic harvesters usually increase output by increasing the size of coils and magnets,limiting the improvement of energy conversion efficiency and power density.In this study,multilayer microelectromechanical system(MEMS)coils were prepared using flexible electronics,and their high integration performance in arbitrary space was utilized to greatly improve the utilization of the space magnetic field by the electromagnetic harvester.The core magnet of the generator was magnetically balanced to achieve levitation,which improved the sensitivity and reduced fatigue damage compared with traditional spring structures.The wound coils on the top and bottom of the magnet and the flexible coils on the sides worked together to improve the energy efficiency and output of the devices.The output performance of the device with different number distributions was simulated using mathematical models to obtain the optimal structural parameters.The results show that by introducing flexible multilayer MEMS coils on the side surface of the energy harvester,the open-circuit voltage of the energy generators increased from 7 to 10 V by more than 43%.Flexible multilayer MEMS coils can enhance energy conversion rates and possess compact dimensions,making them suitable for integration onto complex surfaces.After the vibration energy harvesting system testing,the maximum peak power of the harvester was 7.1 m W at an acceleration of1 g and a resonant frequency of 11 Hz with a resistor of 3.5 kΩinternal resistance.Moreover,a 470μF capacitor can be charged to 3.5 V within 10 s to drive a hygrothermograph to work for more than 80 s and can supply a light bulb continuously.This strategy shows the great potential of vibration-energy-driven electromagnetic generators for powering small electronics in limited spaces.

关键词： electromagnetic harvester mechanical energy harvesting multilayer MEMS coils magnetic levitation overall space magnetic field flexible planar coils

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A high-performance electromagnetic energy harvester for scavenging ultra-low frequency vibration energy of human foot movement

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1391-1400页

作者： HU JiaJun QIAN Shuo WU Hui HU DongXu NIU LiXin BI XiaoXue ZHANG Jie HOU XiaoJuan GENG WenPing MU JiLiang HE Jian chou xiujian Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China School of Software North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China

In our daily lives,low-frequency kinetic energy primarily manifests as vibrations.However,effective harnessing of lowfrequency kinetic energy remains a formidable challenge.This paper proposes a rope-driven rotor that rotates around an axis and consists of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)wire wrapped around a metal shaft.The rotor can convert ultra-low frequency vibration/linear motion into rapid rotation by pressing the top at low frequencies and driving the rope for a quick release.The harvester can generate up to 36.25 m W power using a 0.1-mm-diameter UHMWPE wire as the rotor when periodically pressed down to 20 mm at a frequency of 1 Hz.A simple power generation floor is assembled,generating 28.58-m W power with a matching load at a frequency of 1.5 Hz.Moreover,the harvester can increase the charging voltage of a 0.47-F supercapacitor from 0 to 6.8 V within 10 min.In addition,the harvester can harvest energy through a light finger press motion,and the energy obtained can also support the continuous operation of multiple electronic devices concurrently.This study introduces an effective method for harvesting ultra-low frequency energy and has great prospects in the field of power generation floor and human movement energy harvesting.

关键词： electromagnetic energy harvester rope-shaft coupling structure human motion ultra-low frequency

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A high-efficient triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator for vibration energy harvesting and wireless monitoring

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第4期65卷 229-237页

作者： Jian HE Xueming FAN Dongyang ZHAO Min CUI Bing HAN Xiaojuan HOU xiujian chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of China College of Mechatronic Engineering North University of China Beijing Institute of Computer Application China North Industries Group Corporation Limited

Scavenging mechanical vibration energy by combining triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs) and electromagnetic generators(EMGs) is a renewable and low-carbon way to generate electric power. In this paper, we fabricate a cylindrical structure hybrid nanogenerator based on spring structure to effectively scavenge vibration energy. The introduction of spring structure not only enhances the space utilization, but also supports the moving magnet. Owing to its innovative structure, the instantaneous output power of TENG and EMG are 0.88 mW at a load of 10 MΩ and 216.7 mW at a load of 60 Ω, respectively. With the aids of a power management circuit, the hybrid nanogenerator can provide continuous power for two hygrothermographs connected in series. In addition, a self-powered wireless acceleration sensing monitoring system(SWAM) is developed to measure the acceleration signals of vibration sources. This study provides a novel guideline for harvesting mechanical vibration energy.

关键词： mechanical vibration energy spring structure triboelectric electromagnetic wireless monitoring system

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Synergistic piezoelectricity enhanced BaTiO_(3)/polyacrylonitrile elastomer-based highly sensitive pressure sensor for intelligent sensing and posture recognition applications

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5490-5502页

作者： Junbin Yu Shuai Xian Zhenpeng Zhang Xiaojuan Hou Jian He Jiliang Mu Wenping Geng Xiaojun Qiao Le Zhang xiujian chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

Designing stretchable and skin-conformal self-powered sensors for intelligent sensing and posture recognition is challenging.Here,based on a multi-force mixing and vulcanization process,as well as synergistically piezoelectricity of BaTiO_(3)and polyacrylonitrile,an all-in-one,stretchable,and self-powered elastomer-based piezo-pressure sensor(ASPS)with high sensitivity is reported.The ASPS presents excellent sensitivity(0.93 V/104 Pa of voltage and 4.92 nA/104 Pa of current at a pressure of 10-200 kPa)and high durability(over 10,000 cycles).Moreover,the ASPS exhibits a wide measurement range,good linearity,rapid response time,and stable frequency response.All components were fabricated using silicone,affording satisfactory skinconformality for sensing postures.Through cooperation with a homemade circuit and artificial intelligence algorithm,an information processing strategy was proposed to realize intelligent sensing and recognition.The home-made circuit achieves the acquisition and wireless transmission of ASPS signals(transmission distance up to 50 m),and the algorithm realizes the classification and identification of ASPS signals(accuracy up to 99.5%).This study proposes not only a novel fabrication method for developing self-powered sensors,but also a new information processing strategy for intelligent sensing and recognition,which offers significant application potential in human-machine interaction,physiological analysis,and medical research.

关键词： flexible pressure sensor synergistic piezoelectricity all-in-one structure high sensitivity intelligent sensing and recognition

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A high-performance, single-electrode and stretchable piezotriboelectric hybrid patch for omnidirectional biomechanical energy harvesting and motion monitoring

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第5期8卷 958-966页

作者： Xiaojuan Hou Jixin Zhong Changjun Yang Yun Yang Jian He Jiliang Mu Wenping Geng xiujian chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China

Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)have recently drawn much attention in the field of biomechanical energy harvesting and motion monitoring.However,the electrode stretchability and contact-separation model induced complicated packed structure remain a problem that heavily affects output performance during various human movements and requires to be urgently addressed.Here,a single-electrode piezotriboelectric hybrid nanogenerator(SEP-TENG)integrated with stretchable liquid-metal metal electrodes is reported,which simultaneously achieves outstanding energy harvesting performance and skincomfort human motion monitoring.A polarized piezoelectric BaTiO_(3)/silicon rubber(SR)composites film is served as the effective negative tribomaterial,benefiting from the improved dielectric constant and piezoelectric charge transfer,the optimized SEP-TENG generates a high peak power density of 5.7 W/m^(2) while contacted with human skin.Besides,owing to the ultralow Young's modulus of the SR encapsulation layer and tribo-piezoelectric hybrid layer,the homogeneous integrated multilayer composite serves no break till a 745%elongation,promoting that the SEP-TENG could effectively harvest biomechanical energy and realize stable power supplying for wearable electronics even under large deformation state.Furthermore,the SEP-TENG could comfortably attach to the finger joints and collect bending energy.This work provides a novel design methodology for a single-electrode TENG to realize omnidirectional biomechanical energy harvesting and motion monitoring.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerators High-performance Single-electrode Stretchable Energy harvesting Motion monitoring

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A non-contact flexible pyroelectric sensor for wireless physiological monitoring system

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第2期65卷 162-172页

作者： Jian HE Sen LI Xiaojuan HOU Yongjun ZHOU Hao LI Min CUI Tao GUO Xiangdong WANG Jiliang MU Wenping GENG xiujian chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of China Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory China Institute of Sport Science

Recently, human physiological information wireless monitoring in real-time is particularly important in health analysis. As a solution, a non-contact wireless physiological monitoring system based on pyroelectric generator(Py G), whose core part consists of a wireless circuit processing module and a polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) film, has been successfully designed. Owing to the temperature change under the stimulation of an external heat source, the output voltage of the Py G self-powered flexible sensor increases with the heat source temperature variation in the range of 295–355 K. Furthermore, based on the natural temperature oscillation between the living body and surrounding environment, the sensor can realize human physiological information assessment, for example, temperature monitoring of the palms, fingers, respiratory heat signals from mouth or nose or non-contact spatial heat mapping recognition of finger movement via sensor array. On this basis, a portable wireless monitoring system was designed by integrating the intelligent sensor with a signal conditioning circuit, data conversion storage module, Bluetooth module,and power module. This system can acquire real-time human oral or nasal breathing signals in the personal mobile app to evaluate the physiological state of individuals. Additionally, the wireless monitoring system can be activated within 10 m, demonstrating the application of Py G sensors in remote data transmission.

关键词： non-contact pyroelectric generator human body heat environmental thermal energy wireless monitoring system

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Stretchable and skin-conformal piezo-triboelectric pressure sensor for human joint bending motion monitoring

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第2期8卷 247-256页

作者： Junbin Yu Liang Chen Xiaojuan Hou Jiliang Mu Jian He Wenping Geng Xiaojun Qiao xiujian chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051China

Stretchable,skin-conformal,and self-powered wearable pressure sensors have garnered significant attention for use in human joint bending motion monitoring.Here,a piezo-triboelectric pressure sensor(P-TPS)based on triboelectric nanogenerator and piezoelectric nanogenerator is demonstrated.The P-TPS can generate an enhanced electrical output by coupling the dual-mode triboelectrification and piezoelectric effect.The P-TPS shows high sensitivity(voltage=0.3 V/kPa;current=4.3 nA/kPa;pres-sure range=0-200 kPa),high linearity,and good stability.Furthermore,it demonstrates a wide mea-surement range(0-800 kPa),table frequency response,and fast response time.Additionally,all components of the P-TPS are fabricated using flexible and stretchable materials,affording satisfactory stretchability and excellent skin conformality.Owing to their ability to self-power,they can be attached to the outside of joints to monitor human joint bending movements in real time.Hence,this study provides a novel method of using a stretchable and skin-conformal piezo-triboelectric nanogenerator with high electrical performance as a self-powered pressure sensor,which offers significant potential in personalized recognition,medical research,and human machine interface.

关键词： Ultra-stretchable Skin-conformal Self-powered Piezoelectric-enhanced triboelectric nanogenerator Wearable pressure sensor

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Microstructures and Dielectric Properties of Ba_(1-x)Sr_xTiO_3 Ceramics Doped with B_2O_3-Li_2O Glasses for LTCC Technology Applications

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第3期28卷 280-284页

作者： xiujian chou Zhenyu Zhao Miaoxuan Du Jun Liu Jiwei Zhai Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science&Dynamic Measurement Ministry of EducationNational Key Labora-tory of Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement(North University of China)Taiyuan 030051China Functional Materials Research Laboratory Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Ba1-xSrxTiO3 ceramics, doped with B2O3-Li2O glasses have been fabricated via a traditional ceramic process at a low sintering temperature of 900 ℃ using liquid-phase sintering aids. The microstructures and di- electric properties of B2O3-Li2O glasses doped Ba1-xSrxTiO3 ceramics have been investigated systemat- ically. The temperature dependence dielectric constant and loss reveals that B2O3-Li2O glasses doped Ba1-xSrxTiO3 ceramics have di？usion phase transformation characteristics. For 5 wt% B2O3-Li2O glasses doped Ba0.55Sr0.45TiO3 composites, the tunability is 15.4% under a dc-applied electric field of 30 kV/cm at 10 kHz; the dielectric loss can be controlled about 0.0025; and the Q value is 286. These composite ceramics sintered at low temperature with suitable dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, relatively high tunability and high Q value are promising candidates for multilayer low-temperature co-fired ceramics （LTCC） and potential microwave tunable devices applications.

关键词： Sintering Ferroelectricity Dielectric properties Microstructure

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Ink formulation, scalable applications and challenging perspectives of screen printing for emerging printed microelectronics

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第12期30卷 498-513,I0012页

作者： Ying Zhang Yuanyuan Zhu Shuanghao Zheng Liangzhu Zhang Xiaoyu Shi Jian He xiujian chou Zhong-Shuai Wu State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian 116023LiaoningChina Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences457 Zhongshan RoadDalian 116023LiaoningChina School of Instrument and Electronics North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051ShanxiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19 A Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049China

Screen printing is regarded as a highly competitive manufacture technology for scalable and fast fabrication of printed microelectronics, owing to its advanced merits of low-cost, facile operability and scalability.However, its large-scale application in printed microelectronics is still limited by screen printing functional ink. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of ink formation, typical scalable applications, and challenging perspectives of screen printing for emerging printed microelectronics. Firstly, we introduce the major mechanism of screen printing and the formation of different organic-and aqueous-based inks by various solvents and binders. Next, we review the most widely used applications of screen printing technique in micro-batteries, micro-supercapacitors and micro-sensors, demonstrative of wide applicability.Finally, the perspectives and future challenges in the sight of screen printing are briefly discussed.

关键词： Screen printing Ink Micro-batteries Micro-supercapacitors Micro-sensors

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