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Immunotherapy for hepatobiliary malignancies:Progress and prospective

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第5期21卷 409-412页

作者： lun-xiu Qin Department of General Surgery Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Hepatobiliary malignancies include hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and biliary tract cancers(BTCs).They are characterized by high heterozygosity,rapid progression,and difflcult to treat[1,2].Recent rapid progress in targeted therapeutic agents has brought new hope for those with advanced HCC[3-5].But there are problems such as lower response rate,or drug resistance(primary or acquired),as well as poor tolerance due to their side-effects,which make this treatment alone still face great challenges.

关键词： biliary malignancies prospective

Transmission Properties of an Air Waveguide with Left-Handed Holographic Photonic Crystal Cladding

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第1期28卷 123-126页

作者： DONG Guo-Yan YANG xiu-lun CAI Lu-Zhong School of Science Shandong Jianzhu University Jinan 250101 Department of Optics Shandong University Jinan 250100

An air waveguide of left-handed photonic crystal （PhC） formed by holographic lithography is proposed. The symmetry mismatch between the incident wave and the Bloch modes of the holographic PhC is used to guide light efficiently. By properly designing the waveguide, backscattering loss can be significantly reduced. Due to the unique advantages of holographic photonie crystals, the serious problems of material loss and fabrication difficulty in left-handed material waveguides are also avoided. Furthermore it is shown that high transmission efficiency is easily achieved in the frequencv region with effective refraction index near zero. These features may extend the possible guiding ability of holographic photonic crystal waveguide and its promising potential in the application of photonic integrated circuits.

关键词： Optics quantum optics and lasers

Biomarkers for response to immunotherapy in hepatobiliary malignancies

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第5期21卷 413-419页

作者： Zhi-Fei Lin lun-xiu Qin Jin-Hong Chen Department of General Surgery Huashan HospitalCancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Background:The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)has revolutionized the therapeutic options of hepatobiliary ***,the clinical benefit provided by immunotherapy seems limited to a small subgroup of patients with hepatobiliary *** identification of reliable predictors of the response to immunotherapy is urgently *** sources:Literature search was conducted in Pub Med for relevant articles published up to May *** of clinical trials was obtained from https://***/.Results:Biomarkers for ICI response of hepatobiliary malignancies remain in the exploration stage and lack compelling *** programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression is the most widely studied biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and biliary tract cancers(BTCs),but there are conflicting results on its predictive *** mutational burden(TMB)is generally low both in HCC and BTCs,and the clinical trials of TMB are rare in hepatobiliary ***,mismatch repair deficiency(dMMR)/high microsatellite instability(MSI-H)may be a predictive biomarker of response to antiPD-1 therapy in ***,some emerging biomarkers,such as gut microbiota,show predictive potential in the preliminary *** and liquid-biopsy biomarkers,including circulating tumor cells,circulating tumor DNA(ct DNA)and exosomal PD-L1 provide a quick and non-invasive approach for monitoring the ICI response,showing a new promising ***:Multiple potential biomarkers for predicting ICI response of hepatobiliary malignancies have been explored and tried to apply in *** there is no robust evidence to prove their clinical value in predicting immunotherapeutic response for patients with hepatobiliary *** identification of predictors for response to ICIs is an urgent need and major *** studies are warranted to validate the role of emerging biomarkers in predicting immunotherapeut

关键词： Biomarker Immunotherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Biliary tract cancers

Expert consensus-promoting clinical excellence and ultimately benefitting patients

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第5期12卷 743-745页

作者： Jin-Hong Chen lun-xiu Qin Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Evidence-based medicine serves as the cornerstone of modern *** on current evidence in the field of evidence-based medicine,a team of authoritative experts in the industry engages in comprehensive discussions to develop expert consensus,following standardized *** consensus serves as a foundation for clinical ***,the abundance of expert consensus varies in quality,and some viewpoints even contradict each other,leading to confusion in clinical decision-making.

关键词： Consensus guideline evidence-based medicine

Properties and feasibility of using cancer stem cells in clinical cancer treatment

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第4期13卷 489-495页

作者： Xiao-Mei Gao Rui Zhang Qiong-Zhu Dong lun-xiu Qin Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Department of General Surgery Huashan Hospital and Cancer Metastasis Institute Fudan University

Cancer treatment failure, drug resistance, or metastatic recurrence are thought to be caused mainly by the existence of a very small number of cancer stem cells(CSCs). The characteristics of this subgroup of cells include self-renewal, tumorigenesis, multiple differentiation and high invasiveness, metastasis, and drug resistance potential. Many studies have demonstrated that CSCs play important roles in tumor growth, spread and metastatic relapse after treatment, and are closely related to the prognosis of *** a therapeutic viewpoint, deep insights into the CSCs biology, development of specific therapeutic strategies for targeting CSCs, and characterization of their microenvironment could be an ideal way to combat cancer.

关键词： Cancer stem cells cancers treatment failure metastasis cancer therapy

Chromosomal aberrations related to metastasis of human solid tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第5期8卷 769-776页

作者： lun-xiu Qin Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai,China Liver Cancer Institute Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China. lxqin@***

The central role of sequential accumulation of genetic alterations during the development of cancer has been firmly established since the pioneering cytogenetic studies successfully defined recurrent chromosome changes in spedfic types of tumor. In the course of carcinogenesis, cells experience several genetic alterations that are associated with the transition from a preneoplastic lesion to an invasive tumor and finally to the metastatic state. Tumor progression is characterized by stepwise accumulation of genetic *** does the dominant metastatic clone. Modern molecular genetic analyses have clarified that genomic changes accumulate during the development and progression of cancers. In comparison with the corresponding primary tumor,additional events of chromosomal aberrations (including gains or allelic losses) are frequently found in metastases, and the incidence of combined chromosomal alterations in the primary tumor, plus the occurrence of additional aberrations inthe distant metastases, correlated significantly with decreased postmetastatic survival. The deletions at 3p, 4p, 6q, 8p, 10q,11p, 11q, 12p, 13q, 16q, 17p, 18q, 21q, and 22q, as well as the over-representations at 1q, 8q, 9q, 14q and 15q, have been found to associate preferentially with the metastatic phenotype of human cancers. Among of them, the deletions on chromosomes 8p, 17p, 11p and 13p seem to be more significant, and more detail fine regions of them, including 8p11, 8p21-12, 8p22, 8p23, 17p13.3, 11p15.5, and 13q12-13 have been suggested harboring metastasis-suppressor *** the past decade, several human chromosomes have been functionally tested through the use of microcell-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT), and metastasis-suppressor activities have been reported on chromosomes 1, 6, 7, 8, 10,11, 12, 16, and 17. However, it is not actually known at what stage of the metastatic cascade these alterations have *** is still controversial with the association between

关键词：染色体变异实质肿瘤肿瘤转移综述

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus play different prognostic roles in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第10期22卷 3038-3051页

作者： Zheng Wang Yuan-Yuan Sheng Qiong-Zhu Dong lun-xiu Qin Department of Surgery Huashan HospitalFudan University Institute of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University

AIM: To identify the prognostic value of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) infections in patients with intrahepatic ***: A search was performed for relevant publications in Pub Med, EMBASE and Web of Science databases. The pooled effects were calculated from the available information to identify the relationship between HBV or HCV infection and the prognosis and clinicopathological features. The χ2 and I2 tests were used to evaluate heterogeneity between studies. Pooled hazard ratios(HRs) with 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated by a fixed-effects model, if no heterogeneity existed. If there was heterogeneity, a random-effects model was ***: In total, 14 studies involving 2842 cases were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The patients with HBV infection presented better overall and diseasefree survival, and the pooled HRs were significant at 0.76(95%CI: 0.70-0.83) and 0.78(95%CI: 0.66-0.94), respectively. Additionally, our study revealed that HCV infection was correlated with shortened overall survival in comparison with the control group(HR = 2.64, 95%CI: 1.77-3.93). We also found that HBV infection occurred more frequently in male patients [odds ratio(OR) = 1.91, 95%CI: 1.06-3.44] and was correlated with higher levels of serum aspartate transaminase(AST) and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(OR = 1.93, 95%CI: 1.11-3.35; OR = 3.86, 95%CI: 2.58-5.78) and a lower level of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9)(OR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.34-0.65). Moreover, HBV infection was associated with cirrhosis(OR = 6.44, 95%CI: 4.33-9.56), a higher proportion of capsule formation(OR = 6.04, 95%CI: 3.56-10.26), and a lower rate of lymph node metastasis(OR = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.25-0.58). No significant publication bias was seen in any of the enrolled ***: HBV infection may indicate a favorable prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, while HCV infection suggests a poor prognosis.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Clinical features Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Prognosis

The prognostic significance of clinical and pathological features in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第2期8卷 193-199页

作者： lun-xiu Qin Zhao-You Tang,Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai,China Liver Cancer Institute Zhongshan Hospital 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road Shanghai 200032 China.

The prognosis of patients with HCC still remains dismal. The life expectancy of HCC patients is hard to predict because of the high possibility of postoperative recurrence. Many factors, such as patient's general conditions, macroscopic tumor morphology, as well as tumor histopathology features, have been proven of prognostic significance. Female HCC patient often has a better prognosis than male patient, which might be due to the receptor of sex hormones. Younger patients often have tumors with higher invasiveness and metastatic potentials, and their survival and prognosis are worse than the older ones. Co-existing hepatitis status and hepatic functional reserve have been confirmed as risk factors for recurrence. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is useful not only for diagnosis, but also as a prognostic indicator for HCC patients. AFP mRNA has been proposed as a predictive marker of HCC cells disseminated into the circulation and for metastatic recurrence. Many pathologic features, such as tumor size, number, capsule state, cell differentiation, venous invasion, intrahepatic spreading, and advanced pTNM stage, are the best-established risk factors for recurrence and important aspects affecting the prognosis of patients with HCC. Marked inflammatory cell infiltration in the tumor could predict a better prognosis. Clinical stage is still the most important factor influencing on the prognosis. Extratumor spreading and lymph nodal metastasis are independent predictors for poor outcome. Some new predictive systems have recently been proposed. Different strategies of treatment might have significant different effects on the patients' prognosis. To date, surgical resection is still the only potentially curative treatment for HCC, including localized postoperative recurrences. Extent of resection, blood transfusion, occlusion of porta hepatis, and blood loss affect the survival and prognosis of HCC patients. Regional therapies provide alternative ways to improve the prognosis

关键词： Age Factors Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Hepatitis Humans Liver Cirrhosis Liver Neoplasms Neoplasm Staging Prognosis Recurrence Sex Factors alpha-Fetoproteins

The prognostic molecular markers in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第3期8卷 385-392页

作者： lun-xiu Qin Zhao-You Tang,Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai,China Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital Fudan university 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road Shanghai 200032 China.

The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains dismal, although many advances in its clinical study have been made. It is important for tumor control to identify the factors that predispose patients to death. With new discoveries in cancer biology, the pathological and biological prognostic factors of HCC have been studied quite extensively. Analyzing molecular markers (biomarkers) with prognostic significance is a complementary method. A large number of molecular factors have been shown to associate with the invasiveness of HCC, and have potential prognostic significance. One important aspect is the analysis of molecular markers for the cellular malignancy phenotype. These include alterations in DNA ploidy, cellular proliferation markers (PCNA, Ki-67, Mcm2, MIB1, MIA, and CSE1L/CAS protein), nuclear morphology, the p53 gene and its related molecule MD M2, other cell cycle regulators (cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, cdc2, p27, p73), oncogenes and their receptors (such as ras, c-myc, c-fms, HGF, c-met, and erb-B receptor family members), apoptosis related factors (Fas and FasL), as well as telomerase activity. Another important aspect is the analysis of molecular markers involved in the process of cancer invasion and metastasis. Adhesion molecules (E-cadherin, catenins, serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1, CD44 variants), proteinases involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix (MMP-2, MMP-9, uPA, uPAR, PAI), as well as other molecules have been regarded as biomarkers for the malignant phenotype of HCC, and are related to prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Tumor angiogenesis is critical to both the growth and metastasis of cancers including HCC, and has drawn much attention in recent years. Many angiogenesis-related markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), thrombospondin (TSP), angiogenin, pleiotrophin, and endostatin (ES) leve

关键词： Apoptosis Carcinogens Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Cell Adhesion Cell Division Cell Nucleus Extracellular Matrix Genes, p53 Humans Liver Neoplasms Neovascularization, Pathologic Ploidies Prognosis Proteome Telomerase Tumor Markers, Biological