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An Outbreak of Serogroup Y Meningococcal Meningitis in a Private Secondary Vocational School-Guangzhou City,Guangdong Province,China,2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第12期6卷 242-246,I0005页

作者： Xiang Zeng Qing He Yilan Li Yong Zhou Xiaoping Shao Pei Hu Jian liang Yudan Song Chao ma Lijie Zhang Limei Sun Lei Luo Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zhuhai CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Public Health Guangzhou Medical University&Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of the National Immunization Programme Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?The inclusion of meningococcal vaccines in the National Immunization Program(NIP)over several years has significantly reduced the incidence of meningococcal meningitis in China to historic ***,there has been a diversification of meningococcal serogroups,leading to a shift in dominant serogroups in China from serogroup A to serogroups C and B,accompanied by a rise in reports of serogroups Y and *** is added by this report?An outbreak of serogroup Y Neisseria meningitidis(Nm)in a secondary vocational school involved a single confirmed severe case and 24 individuals with laboratory-confirmed Nm *** investigation revealed that the outbreak was localized to the classroom of the confirmed *** close contact within a confined space was identified as a significant risk factor for Nm *** genotype sequence identified was type 1655(ST-1655),which is categorized under clonal complex 23(CC-23)and bears resemblance to 8 previously confirmed cases of serogroup Y meningococcal meningitis within Guangdong *** suggests that serogroup Y infections continue to sporadically emerge and have become prevalent *** are the implications for public health practice?This outbreak underscores the critical need to enhance surveillance of meningococcal serogroups and population carrier,and advocate for vaccination with MenY-containing vaccines.

关键词： break Secondary Guangdong

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CToMP: a cycle-task-oriented memory protection scheme for unmanned systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 399-417页

作者： Chengyan ma Ning XI Di LU Yebo FENG Jianfeng ma School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University Department of Computer and Information Science University of Oregon

Memory corruption attacks(MCAs) refer to malicious behaviors of system intruders that modify the contents of a memory location to disrupt the normal operation of computing systems, causing leakage of sensitive data or perturbations to ongoing processes. Unlike general-purpose systems, unmanned systems cannot deploy complete security protection schemes, due to their limitations in size, cost and *** in unmanned systems are particularly difficult to defend against. Furthermore, MCAs have diverse and unpredictable attack interfaces in unmanned systems, severely impacting digital and physical sectors. In this paper, we first generalize, model and taxonomize MCAs found in unmanned systems currently, laying the foundation for designing a portable and general defense approach. According to different attack mechanisms,we found that MCAs are mainly categorized into two types — return2libc and return2shellcode. To tackle return2libc attacks, we model the erratic operation of unmanned systems with cycles and then propose a cycle-task-oriented memory protection(CToMP) approach to protect control flows from tampering. To defend against return2shellcode attacks, we introduce a secure process stack with a randomized memory address by leveraging the memory pool to prevent Shellcode from being executed. Moreover, we discuss the mechanism by which CTo MP resists the return-oriented programming(ROP) attack, a novel variant of return2libc attacks. Finally, we implement CTo MP on CUAV V5+ with Ardupilot and Crazyflie. The evaluation and security analysis results demonstrate that the proposed approach CTo MP is resilient to various MCAs in unmanned systems with low footprints and system overhead.

关键词： unmanned system memory corruption attack memory protection system security randomized memory address

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Mitigate noisy data for smart IoT via GAN based machine unlearning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 62-78页

作者： Zhuo ma Yilong YANG Yang LIU Xinjing LIU Jianfeng ma School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks (ISN)

With the development of IoT applications, machine learning dramatically improves the utility of variable IoT systems such as autonomous driving. Although the pretrain-finetune framework can cope well with data heterogeneity in complex IoT scenarios, the data collected by sensors often contain unexpected noisy data, e.g., out-of-distribution(OOD) data, which leads to the reduced performance of fine-tuned models. To resolve the problem, this paper proposes Mu GAN, a method that can mitigate the side-effect of OOD data via the generative adversarial network(GAN)-based machine unlearning. Mu GAN follows a straightforward but effective idea to mitigate the performance loss caused by OOD data, i.e., “flashbacking” the model to the condition where OOD data are excluded from model training. To achieve the goal, we design an adversarial game, where a discriminator is trained to identify whether a sample belongs to the training set by observing the confidence score. Meanwhile, a generator(i.e., the target model) is updated to fool the discriminator into believing that the OOD data are not included in the training set but others do. The experimental results show that benefiting from the high unlearning rate(more than 90%) and retention rate(99%), Mu GAN succeeds in lowering the model performance degradation caused by OOD data from 5.88% to 0.8%.

关键词： machine unlearning generative adversarial network out of distribution data Internet of Thing neural network

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Unconfined compressive strength and failure behaviour of completely weathered granite from a fault zone

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 2140-2158页

作者： DU Shaohua ma Jinyin ma Liyao ZHAO Yaqian School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023China School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China China Railway 18th Bureau Group Co. LtdTianjin 300222 China China General Nuclear Power Corporation Shenzhen 518031China

Understanding the strength characteristics and deformation behaviour of the tunnel surrounding rock in a fault zone is significant for tunnel stability *** this study,a series of unconfined compression tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical characteristics and failure behaviour of completely weathered granite(CWG)from a fault zone,considering with height-diameter(h/d)ratio,dry densities(ρd)and moisture contents(ω).Based on the experimental results,a regression mathematical model of unconfined compressive strength(UCS)for CWG was developed using the Multiple Nonlinear Regression method(MNLR).The research results indicated that the UCS of the specimen with a h/d ratio of 0.6 decreased with the increase ofω.When the h/d ratio increased to 1.0,the UCS increasedωwith up to 10.5%and then ***ρd is conducive to the improvement of the UCS at anyω.The deformation and rupture process as well as final failure modes of the specimen are controlled by h/d ratio,ρd andω,and the h/d ratio is the dominant factor affecting the final failure mode,followed byωandρ*** specimens with different h/d ratio exhibited completely different fracture mode,i.e.,typical splitting failure(h/d=0.6)and shear failure(h/d=1.0).By comparing the experimental results,this regression model for predicting UCS is accurate and reliable,and the h/d ratio is the dominant factor affecting the UCS of CWG,followed byρd and thenω.These findings provide important references for maintenance of the tunnel crossing other fault fractured zones,especially at low confining pressure or unconfined condition.

关键词： Fault fracture zone Completely weathered granite(CWG) Unconfined compression strength(UCS) Multiple nonlinear regression model

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Establishing VIGS and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques to verify RsPDS function in radish

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1557-1567页

作者： Jiali Ying Yan Wang liang Xu Tiaojiao Qin Kai Xia Peng Zhang Yinbo ma Keyun Zhang Lun Wang Junhui Dong Lianxue Fan Yuelin Zhu Liwang Liu National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement(East China)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein(CRISPR/Cas)systems are effective technologies for rapid and accurate gene function verification in modern plant ***,the investigation of gene silencing and editing in radish remains *** this study,a bleaching phenotype was generated through the knockdown of RsPDS using tobacco rattle virus(TRV)-and turnip yellow mosaic virus(TYMV)-mediated gene silencing *** TYMV-mediated gene silencing efficiency was higher than the TRV-based VIGS system in *** expression level of RsPDS was significantly inhibited using VIGS in'NAU-067'radish *** rootless seedlings of‘NAU-067'were infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes using the 2300GN-Ubi-RsPDS-Cas9 vector with two target *** adventitious roots were blue with GUs staining,and four of these adventitious roots were edited at target sequence 1 of the RsPDS gene as indicated by Sanger ***,albino lines were generated with ***-mediated transformation of radish *** base substitutions and three base deletions occurred at target sequence 2 in Line 1,and three base insertions and three base substitutions occurred at target sequence 1 in Line *** study shows that VIGS and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques can be employed to precisely verify the biological functions of genes in radish,which will facilitate the genetic improvement of vital horticultural traits in radish breeding programs.

关键词： Raphanus sativus L. VIGS CRISPR/Cas9 Agrobacterium rhizogenes A.tumefaciens RsPDS

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Deterministic and Robust Volt-var Control Methods of Power System Based on Convex Deep Learning

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 719-729页

作者： Qing ma Changhong Deng the School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina

Volt-var control(VVC)is essentially a non-convex optimization problem due to the non-convexity of power flow(PF)constraints,resulting in the difficulty in obtaining the optimum without convexity *** existing second-order cone method for the convexity conversion often leads to a sharp increase in PF constraints and optimization variables,which in turn increases the optimization difficulty or even leads to optimization *** paper first proposes a deterministic VVC method based on convex deep learning power flow(DLPF).This method uses the input convex neural network(ICNN)to establish a single convex mapping between state parameters and node voltage to complete the convexity conversion while the optimization variables only correspond to reactive power equipment,which can ensure the global optimum with extremely fast computation *** cope with the impact brought by the uncertainty of distributed energy and omit the additional worst scenario search of traditional robust VVC,this paper proposes robust VVC method based on convex deep learning interval power flow(DLIPF),which continues to adopt ICNN to establish another convex mapping between state parameters and node voltage *** DLIPF with DLPF,this method decreases the modeling and optimization difficulty of robust VVC *** results on 30-bus,118-bus,and 200-bus systems prove the correctness and rapidity of the proposed methods.

关键词： Volt-var control convexity conversion convex deep learning power flow

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A case study of comparing two dimerized acceptor molecules built by different branch-connected and terminal-connected approaches

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1687-1696页

作者： Kangqiao ma Huazhe liang Yuxin Wang Tengfei He Tainan Duan Xiaodong Si Wendi Shi Guankui Long Xiangjian Cao Zhaoyang Yao Xiangjian Wan Chenxi Li Bin Kan Yongsheng Chen State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterThe Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsInstitute of Polymer ChemistryRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China School of materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced MaterialsRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chongqing SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS Chongqing)Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400015China

Dimerized small-molecule acceptors(Smas) built by the conventional connection of terminal groups of monomers have contributed to exciting long-term stabilities of organic solar cells(OSCs). However, device efficiencies, especially fill factors(FFs), still need to be improved. This probably originates from unsymmetrical molecular structure/conformation-determined less compact/ordered molecular stackings, such as ineffective stackings of constraint terminals. Herein, an exotic dimerized Sma of BC-Th is established by bridging the branched groups(BC-type, branch coupling) of two monomers rather than conventional terminal units(TC-type, terminal coupling). Benefiting from the three-dimensional conformation and more uncurbed terminals,BC-Th exhibits multiple molecular orientations along with a larger dielectric constant and electron mobility compared with TCTh. Finally, an efficiency of 17.43% is achieved by BC-Th-based OSCs, along with the highest FF of 79.13% among all dimerized Smas-based OSCs to date. When introducing L8-BO as the third component, overall enhanced efficiency of 18.05%and FF of 80.11% are further afforded. Contrarily, TC-Th-based OSCs exhibit much inferior PCE of 16.29% and FF of 74.81%,demonstrating the great advantages of “branch coupling” over “terminal coupling” when building dimerized Smas.

关键词： organic solar cells dimerized acceptor molecules branch coupling morphology control stability

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Efficient and selective H_(2)O_(2)production through uranyl-assisted photocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction process in a uranium-organic framework

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2274-2281页

作者： Jianxin Song Chao liang Baoyu Li Xuemin Wang Min Lei Lisha Jiang Zhenyu Li Yugang Zhang Jian Xie Zuju ma Xing Dai Yanlong Wang Shuao Wang Wei Liu School of Environmental and materials Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China School of Life and Environmental Sciences Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Harnessing solar energy by photocatalytically converting oxygen and water into high-value-added H_(2)O_(2)is a promising way of alleviating both environmental and energy *** is worth noting that suppressing detrimental side reactions,such as the generation of·O_(2)^(-),is a critical approach to enhancing H_(2)O_(2)***,a 2-fold interpenetrating 3D uranium-organic framework(YTU-W-1)was developed and introduced for photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)*** material demonstrates a different photocatalytic mechanism when employing uranyl as an initiator,as compared with the conventional semiconductor photocatalytic pathway involving photo-generated charge *** from the strong hydrogen abstraction effect of the U≡O·and the direct one-step oxygen reduction pathway,YTU-W-1 exhibits enhanced photocatalytic performance for H_(2)O_(2)production with yield efficiency of 221μmol h^(-1)g^(-1).Furthermore,YTU-W-1 displays a high H_(2)O_(2)selectivity of 68%,confirmed by rotating ring-disk electrode(RRDE)*** were used to elucidate the critical role of uranyl in the photocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction for H_(2)O_(2)*** research introduces an innovative approach to photo-driven H_(2)O_(2)production,underscoring the potential for heterogeneous catalysts to engage in photocatalytic reactions independently of photogenerated charge carriers.

关键词： uranyl metal-organic frameworks oxygen reduction reaction photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)synthesis

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The transcriptional control of LcIDL1–LcHSL2 complex by LcARF5 integrates auxin and ethylene signaling for litchi fruitlet abscission

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1206-1226页

作者： Xingshuai ma Zidi He Ye Yuan Zhijian liang Hang Zhang Vilde Olsson Lalun Zhuoyi Liu Yanqing Zhang Zhiqiang Huang Yulian Huang Jianguo Li Minglei Zhao State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(South China)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Litchi Engineering Research CenterCollege of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Dongguan Botanical Garden Dongguan 523128China Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloBlindernveien 31Oslo 0316Norway College of Agriculture Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

At the physiological level,the interplay between auxin and ethylene has long been recognized as crucial for the regulation of organ abscission in ***,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain ***,we identified transcription factors involved in indoleacetic acid(IAA)and ethylene(ET)signaling that directly regulate the expression of INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION(IDA)and its receptor HAESA(HAE),which are key components initiating ***,litchi IDAlike 1(LcIDL1)interacts with the receptor HAESA-like2(LcHSL2).Through in vitro and in vivo experiments,we determined that the auxin response factor LcARF5 directly binds and activates both LcIDL1 and ***,we found that the ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-like transcription factor LcEIL3 directly binds and activates *** expression of IDA and HSL2 homologs was enhanced in Lc ARF5and Lc EIL3 transgenic Arabidopsis plants,but reduced in ein3 eil1 ***,the expressions of LcIDL1 and LcHSL2 were significantly decreased in Lc ARF5-and LcEIL3-silenced fruitlet abscission zones(FAZ),which correlated with a lower rate of fruitlet *** of auxin led to an increase in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(the precursor of ethylene)levels in the litchi FAZ,followed by abscission *** this process,LcRF5 and LcEIL3 were induced in the ***,our findings suggest that the molecular interactions between litchi AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 5(LcARF5)-LcIDL1/LcHSL2 and LcEIL3–LcIDL1 signaling modules play a role in regulating fruitlet abscission in litchi and provide a long-sought mechanistic explanation for how the interplay between auxin and ethylene is translated into the molecular events that initiate abscission.

关键词： auxin ethylene fruit abscission IDA–HAE/HSL2 litchi

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Enhancing capacitive deionization performance and cyclic stability of nitrogen-doped activated carbon by the electro-oxidation of anode materials

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 23-33页

作者： Xiaona Liu Baohua Zhao Yanyun Hu Luyue Huang Jingxiang ma Shuqiao Xu Zhonglin Xia Xiaoying ma Shuangchen ma School of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Huadian Zhengzhou machinery Design and Research Institute Co. LtdZhengzhou 450002China Huadian Inner Mongolia Energy Co. Ltd.Baotou Power Generation BranchBaotou 014013China

Electrode materials with high desalination capacity and long-term cyclic stability are the focus of capacitive deionization(CDI) community. Understanding the causes of performance decay in traditional carbons is crucial to design a high-performance material. Based on this, here, nitrogen-doped activated carbon(NAC) was prepared by pyrolyzing the blend of activated carbon powder(ACP) and melamine for the positive electrode of asymmetric CDI. By comparing the indicators changes such as conductivity, salt adsorption capacity, pH, and charge efficiency of the symmetrical ACP-ACP device to the asymmetric ACP-NAC device under different CDI cycles, as well as the changes of the electrochemical properties of anode and cathode materials after long-term operation, the reasons for the decline of the stability of the CDI performance were revealed. It was found that the carboxyl functional groups generated by the electro-oxidation of anode carbon materials make the anode zero-charge potential(E_(pzc)) shift positively,which results in the uneven distribution of potential windows of CDI units and affects the adsorption capacity. Furthermore, by understanding the electron density on C atoms surrounding the N atoms, we attribute the increased cyclic stability to the enhanced negativity of the charge of carbon atoms adjacent to quaternary-N and pyridinic-oxide-N.

关键词： Anodic oxidation Capacitive deionization Cyclic stability N-doping

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