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Geometric-like imaginarity:Quantification and state conversion

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 13-22页

作者： Meng-li Guo Bo li Shao-Ming fei School of Science East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330006China School of Computer and Computing Science Hangzhou City University Hangzhou 310015China School of Mathematical Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China

From the perspective of resource-theoretic approach,this study explores the quantification of imaginary in quantum *** propose a well defined measure of imaginarity,the geometric-like measure of *** with the usual geometric imaginarity measure,this geometric-like measure of imaginarity exhibits smaller decay difference under quantum noisy channels and higher *** applications,we show that both the optimal probability of state transformations from a pure state to an arbitrary mixed state via real operations,and the maximal probability of stochastic-approximate state transformations from a pure state to an arbitrary mixed state via real operations with a given fidelity f,are given by the geometric-like measure of imaginarity.

关键词： quantum resource theory imaginarity geometric-like channels state transformations

Epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response in stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3045-3062页

作者： Jingyi liang fei Yang Zixiao li Qian li School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Laboratory for Clinical Medicine Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and RepairCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese Institute for Brain Research BeijingChina Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Engineering Research Center of Digital Healthcare for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Stroke is classified as ischemic or hemorrhagic,and there are few effective treatments for either *** mechanisms play a critical role in secondary brain injury following a stroke,which manifests as cytokine release,blood–brain barrier disruption,neuronal cell death,and ultimately behavioral *** the inflammatory response has been shown to mitigate this cascade of events in experimental stroke ***,in clinical trials of anti-inflammatory agents,longterm immunosuppression has not demonstrated significant clinical benefits for *** may be attributable to the dichotomous roles of inflammation in both tissue injury and repair,as well as the complex pathophysiologic inflammatory processes in *** acute harmful inflammatory responses or inducing a phenotypic shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state at specific time points after a stroke are alternative and promising therapeutic *** agents that can modulate inflammation requires a detailed understanding of the inflammatory processes of ***,epigenetic reprogramming plays a crucial role in modulating post-stroke inflammation and can potentially be exploited for stroke *** this review,we summarize current findings on the epigenetic regulation of the inflammatory response in stroke,focusing on key signaling pathways including nuclear factor-kappa B,Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription,and mitogen-activated protein kinase as well as inflammasome *** also discuss promising molecular targets for stroke *** evidence to date indicates that therapeutic targeting of the epigenetic regulation of inflammation can shift the balance from inflammation-induced tissue injury to repair following stroke,leading to improved post-stroke outcomes.

关键词： DNA methylation histone modification intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic stroke neuroinflammation neuroprotection non-coding RNA RNA methylation subarachnoid hemorrhage treatment

An efficient quantum proactive incremental learning algorithm

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 45-53页

作者： lingxiao li Jing li Yanqi Song Sujuan Qin Qiaoyan Wen fei Gao State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China School of Cyberspace Security Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

In scenarios where a large amount of data needs to be learned,incremental learning can make full use of old knowledge,signif-icantly reduce the computational cost of the overall learning process,and maintain high *** this paper,taking the MaxCut problem as our example,we introduce the idea of incremental learning into quantum computing,and propose a Quantum Proactive Incremental Learning algorithm(QPIL).Instead of a one-off training of quantum circuit,QPIL contains a multi-phase training on gradually-increased subgraphs of all vertices,proactively reducing large-scale problems to smaller ones to solve in steps,providing an efficient solution for ***,some vertices and corresponding edges are randomly selected for training to obtain optimized parameters of the quantum circuit at ***,in each incremental phase,the remaining vertices and corresponding edges are gradually added and the parameters obtained from the previous phase are reused in the parameter initialization of the current *** perform experiments on 120 different small-scale graphs,and it shows that QPIL performs superior to prevalent quantum and classical baselines in terms of approximation ratio(AR),time cost,anti-forgetting,and solv-ing *** particular,QPIL’s AR surpasses 20%of mainstream quantum baselines,and the time cost is less than 1/5 of *** idea of QPIL is expected to inspire efficient and high-quality solutions in large-scale MaxCut and other combinatorial optimization problems.

关键词： variational quantum algorithm incremental learning multi-phase training MaxCut quantum computing

DI-YOLOv5:An Improved Dual-Wavelet-Based YOLOv5 for Dense Small Object Detection

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 457-459页

作者： Zi-Xin li Yu-Long Wang fei Wang the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Power Station Automation Technology Shanghai University the School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai University IEEE the TAIHU Laboratory of Deepsea Technological Science China Ship Scientific Research Center

Dear Editor,This letter focuses on the fact that small objects with few pixels disappear in feature maps with large receptive fields, as the network deepens, in object detection tasks. Therefore, the detection of dens...

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Precise gradient separation of nanoparticles using reduced graphene oxide-polyoxomolybdate membranes

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 209-216页

作者： Yixin Yang Wanlei Zhao Ruoxuan Zheng Hongqiang li Wei Chen Yu-fei Song State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical Engineering Quzhou 324000China

The purification and size sieving of nanoparticles(NPs)represents a significant scientific ***,the rGO-polyoxometalates(POMs=PMo_(12),Mo_(132)and Mo_(368))membranes were fabricated successfully via a simple and scalable POMsassisted in-situ photoreduction *** the mass ratio of rGO to PMo_(12)was 1:30,the resultant rGO-PMo_(12)membranes with highly ordered and uniform nanochannels of 1.0 nm can be obtained,which showed an accurate carbon quantum dots(CQDs)separation with a cut-off size approximately 1.0 *** increase of the size of the interlayered POMs from PMo_(12)(1.0 nm),{Mo132}(2.9 nm)to{Mo_(368)}(3.8 nm),the resultant rGO-PMo_(12),rGO-Mo_(132)and rGO-Mo_(368)exhibited precise gradient separation of CQDs and Au nanoparticles by size exclusion *** results pave a promising way to construct new twodimensional(2D)membranes for highly efficient size-selective separation.

关键词： reduced graphene oxide polyoxometalates membranes gradient separation nanoparticles

Forecasting step-like landslide displacement through diverse monitoring frequencies

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 122-141页

作者： GUO fei XU Zhizhen HU Jilei DOU Jie li Xiaowei YI Qinglin Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area(China Three Gorges University) Ministry of EducationYichang 443002China College of Civil Engineering&Architecture China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Central-South Institute of Metallurgical Geology Yichang 443003China Xi’an Railway Bridge Engineering CO. LTD of China Railway Seventh GroupXi’an 710032China

The precision of landslide displacement prediction is crucial for effective landslide prevention and mitigation ***,the role of surface monitoring frequency in influencing prediction accuracy has been largely *** study examined the effect of varying monitoring frequencies on the accuracy of displacement predictions by using the Baijiabao landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA)as a case *** collected surface automatic monitoring data at different intervals,ranging from daily to *** Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition(EEMD)algorithm was utilized to dissect the accumulated displacements into periodic and trend components at each monitoring *** fitting was applied to forecast the trend component while the periodic component was predicted with two state-of-the-art neural network models:Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)and Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU).The predictions from these models were integrated to derive cumulative displacement forecasts,enabling a comparative analysis of prediction accuracy across different monitoring *** results demonstrate that the proposed models achieve high accuracy in landslide displacement forecasting,with optimal performance observed at moderate monitoring ***,the daily mean average error(MAE)decreases sharply with increasing monitoring frequency,reaching a *** findings were corroborated by a parallel analysis of the Bazimen landslide,suggesting that moderate monitoring intervals of approximately 7 to 15 days are most conducive to achieving enhanced prediction accuracy compared to both daily and monthly intervals.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir Area Step-like landslide Different monitoring frequencies EEMD algorithm GRU predictive model

Achieving further refinement of grain structure and improvement of mechanical properties in Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-1Mg alloy by Al-Ti-C-B master alloy addition and deep cryogenic treatment

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China Foundry 2025年第1期22卷 75-82页

作者： lin-fei Xia Wen-bo li Zuo-shan Wei Yu-ying Wu Xiang-fa liu China Key Laboratory for liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationShandong UniversityJinan 250061China Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Aluminum Materials and Technology Binzhou Institute of TechnologyBinzhou 256600ShandongChina

Near-eutectic Al-Si alloys are widely used in automotive manufacturing due to their superior wear resistance and high temperature *** of high Si content,the grain refinement of near-eutectic Al-Si alloy has been a problem for many *** this study,the effect of deep cryogenic treatment(DCT)on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-Mg alloy with addition of Al-Ti-C-B master alloy was fully *** show that the average grain size of the alloy is greatly reduced from 0.92 mm to 0.50 mm,and the eutectic Si and Al7Cu4Ni precipitates are spheroidized and refined in Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-Mg after DCT for 24 h and aging *** these changes of microstructures result in a significant increment of about 22.5%in elongation and a slight enhancement of about 6.8%in tensile ***,the refinement of microstructure also significantly improves the fatigue life of the alloy.

关键词： deep cryogenic treatment near-eutectic Al-Si master alloy microstructure mechanical properties

A nuclide identification method ofγspectrum and model building based on the transformer

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 80-93页

作者： fei li Chu-Yang Luo Ying-Zi Wen Sheng Lv Feng Cheng Guo-Qiang Zeng Jian-Feng Jiang Bing-Hai li College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610000China Applied Nuclear Technology in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu 610000China Department of Physics Universitat Politècnica de CatalunyaBarcelona 08028Spain Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry Shijiazhuang 050000China Hebei Key Laboratory of Airborne Detection and Remote Sensing Technology Shijiazhuang 050000China

In current neural network algorithms for nuclide identification in high-background,poor-resolution detectors,traditional network paradigms including back-propagation networks,convolutional neural networks,recurrent neural networks,etc.,have been limited in research on γ spectrum analysis because of their inherent mathematical *** is difficult to make progress in terms of training data requirements and prediction *** contrast to traditional network paradigms,network models based on the transformer structure have the characteristics of parallel computing,position encoding,and deep stacking,which have enabled good performance in natural language processing tasks in recent ***,in this paper,a transformer-based neural network (TBNN) model is proposed to achieve nuclide identification for the first ***,the Geant4 program was used to generate the basic single-nuclide energy spectrum through Monte Carlo simulations.A multi-nuclide energy spectrum database was established for neural network training using random matrices of γ-ray energy,activity,and *** on the encoder–decoder structure,a network topology based on the transformer was built,transforming the 1024-channel energy spectrum data into a 32×32 energy spectrum sequence as the model *** experiments and adjustments of model parameters,including the learning rate of the TBNN model,number of attention heads,and number of network stacking layers,the overall recognition rate reached 98.7%.Additionally,this database was used for training AI models such as back-propagation networks,convolutional neural networks,residual networks,and long shortterm memory neural networks,with overall recognition rates of 92.8%,95.3%,96.3%,and 96.6%,*** indicates that the TBNN model exhibited better nuclide identification among these AI models,providing an important reference and theoretical basis for the practical application of transformers in the qualitative and quantitativ

关键词： Nuclide identification Neural network Transformer

Copper-catalyzed C–C bond cleavage coupling with C≡N bond formation toward mild synthesis of lignin-based benzonitriles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 505-515页

作者： Qi Luo Shenglong Tian Qian Qiang fei song Wentao Su Haiyan He Qingda An Changzhi li liaoning Key Lab of lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic BiorefinerySchool of Light Industry and Chemical EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China

N-participated lignin depolymerization is of great importance for the transformation of waste lignin into value-added *** vast majority of developed strategies employ organic amines as nitrogen source,and considerablemethods rely on excessive use of strong base,which suffers severe environmental ***,benzonitrile derivatives are synthesized from oxidized ligninβ-O-4 model compounds in the presence of solid nitrogen source(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3)under mild,base-free conditions over commercially available copper *** studies suggest the transformation undergoes a one-pot,highly coupled cascade reaction path involving oxidative C-C bond cleavage and in-situ formation of C≡N *** which,Cu(OAc)2 catalyzes the transfer of hydrogen from C_(β)(C_(β)-H)to C_(α),leading to the cleavage of C_(α)-C_(β)bonds to offer benzaldehyde derivative,this intermediate then reacts in-situ with(NH_(4))_(2)CO_(3)to afford the targeted aromatic nitrile *** iodide(TBAI),acting as a promoter,plays a key role in breaking the C_(α)-C_(β)bonds to form the intermediate benzaldehyde *** this protocol,the feasibility of the production of value-added syringonitrile from birchwood lignin has been *** transformation provides a sustainable approach to benzonitrile chemicals from renewable source of lignin.

关键词： lignin β-O-4 model compounds Benzonitrile derivatives Copper catalyst Mild conditions