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绿色建造与智能建筑 2024年第10期 109-112页

作者：沈欣勇厦门九辉建设工程有限公司厦门361000

本文结合厦门博物馆实际情况,讨论了不同文物的展陈要求,结合博物馆空调系统运行存在的问题,提出恒温恒湿系统改造方案,分析了具体的改造思路、改造关键点以及改造效果,并提出博物馆文物环境控制系统的发展与展望。

关键词：厦门博物馆空调系统恒温恒湿系统

一次北京冰雹形成的数值模拟及微物理机制研究

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大气科学 2024年第5期48卷 1796-1816页

作者：朱好奇平凡谭桂容沈新勇殷蕾南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心南京210044 中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海519082

本文利用WRF模式对2021年6月25日一次发生在北京地区的冰雹天气进行高分辨率数值模拟研究。从雷达反射率和降水来看,数值模拟基本再现了冰雹风暴的宏观特征。在此基础上分析了冰雹风暴不同发展阶段的中尺度热力、动力和微物理特征。最... 详细信息

本文利用WRF模式对2021年6月25日一次发生在北京地区的冰雹天气进行高分辨率数值模拟研究。从雷达反射率和降水来看,数值模拟基本再现了冰雹风暴的宏观特征。在此基础上分析了冰雹风暴不同发展阶段的中尺度热力、动力和微物理特征。最后通过输出微物理过程的中间转化项,着重分析雹粒子和雨滴的质量收支和潜热收支情况,给出冰雹形成的云微物理概念模型图。研究结果表明:本次冰雹过程可分为多单体回波、线状对流和飑线三个阶段。此次冰雹天气主要以雪粒子为雹胚在对流层中高层与雨水和云水发生撞冻作用形成雹粒子,雹粒子生成后不断地撞冻雨水和云水增长,冰晶直接撞冻雨水形成雹的转化率很低。气流在风暴的前部低层流入,多单体阶段的两股弱上升气流不断地合并,而线状对流和飑线阶段低层入流减弱,中高层较干冷气流的流入明显。气流在飑线阶段强烈上升,在高层向前流出。被上升气流抬升的暖湿空气与中高层流入的干冷空气相遇凝结为云水或凝华为冰相粒子,释放大量潜热,导致云内浮力增强,促进云内气流强烈上升,将有更多的云水和冰相粒子生成,同时促进了雹粒子的生成和累积。雪和雹粒子的融化吸收大量潜热,导致融化层升高,因此在飑线阶段有大量过冷雨水生成并与雪粒子发生撞冻作用形成更多的雹粒子。大雹粒子降落产生的更强的水物质拖曳力将促进低层下沉气流增强。下沉运动导致低层雨水蒸发冷却,在近地面形成冷池,与高层的潜热加热配合增强对流,从而正反馈于经向环流。环流导致的垂直上升气流促进低层的水汽抬升至融化层以上凝结形成过冷水和凝华为雪粒子,而垂直下沉气流促进雪和雹降落至融化层以下形成雨水以及雨水在融化层以下蒸发,进而正反馈于云内热力环境。如此反复,产生降雹和强降水。

关键词：冰雹 WRF模式云微物理过程云内热动力场垂直速度诊断

一次天山南脉暴雨过程的位势稳定度变化特征及地形敏感性研究

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大气科学 2024年第5期48卷 1817-1836页

作者：谢越冉令坤沈新勇黄伟周括南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心南京210044 中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理与强风暴实验室北京100029 岱山县气象局岱山316200

基于ERA5再分析资料和CMORPH卫星降水数据,对2019年9月9~10日发生在天山南脉的暴雨过程进行高分辨率数值模拟,分析位势不稳定变化特征;进一步开展地形敏感性试验,利用地形追随坐标系位势稳定度倾向方程研究不同尺度地形扰动对位势不稳... 详细信息

基于ERA5再分析资料和CMORPH卫星降水数据,对2019年9月9~10日发生在天山南脉的暴雨过程进行高分辨率数值模拟,分析位势不稳定变化特征;进一步开展地形敏感性试验,利用地形追随坐标系位势稳定度倾向方程研究不同尺度地形扰动对位势不稳定变化的影响。分析结果表明:(1)暴雨发生前低层大气位势不稳定显著,而随着暴雨发生发展,不稳定能量被释放,低层大气趋于位势稳定。(2)位势散度项是位势稳定度倾向方程的重要强迫项,主要由爬流引起。经向爬流垂直切变与广义位温经向梯度的耦合项是爬流位势散度的主导项。本次暴雨发生过程中,地形扰动通过改变经向爬流的垂直切变和广义位温的经向梯度,造成位势不稳定的发展。这些结果有助于提高新疆地区的暴雨预报水平。

关键词：暴雨位势不稳定地形敏感性试验位势稳定度倾向方程

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台风“山竹”外围强龙卷的结构和机理分析

大气科学 2024年第3期48卷 843-858页

作者：徐敬涵冉令坤炎利军智海沈新勇李小凡南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心南京210044 中国科学院大气物理研究所北京100029 上海市气象灾害防御技术中心上海200030 佛山市气象局龙卷风研究中心广东佛山528000 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 广东珠海519082 浙江大学地球科学学院杭州310027

本文利用再分析资料和中尺度数值模式WRFV3.6.1,对2018年9月17日上午发生在佛山市三水区的“增强藤田等级”2级(EF2)强龙卷过程开展49 m分辨率数值模拟,利用模式数据,分析龙卷超级单体和低层类龙卷涡旋(Tornado-Like Vortex,简称TLV)的... 详细信息

本文利用再分析资料和中尺度数值模式WRFV3.6.1,对2018年9月17日上午发生在佛山市三水区的“增强藤田等级”2级(EF2)强龙卷过程开展49 m分辨率数值模拟,利用模式数据,分析龙卷超级单体和低层类龙卷涡旋(Tornado-Like Vortex,简称TLV)的结构特征,并通过涡度方程诊断TLV的动力成因,结果表明:龙卷由台风“山竹”外围螺旋雨带内的超级单体产生,该单体具有钩状回波、入流缺口、有界弱回波、悬垂回波等典型特征,水成物图上可见上冲云顶、云砧和后部云墙;单体内垂直环流由中部上升气流(UD)、前部下沉气流(FFD)和后部下沉气流(RFD)构成;TLV发生在低层UD和RFD之间,其生命史可分为初始期、发展期、成熟期和减弱期,成熟期TLV具有内部下沉、外部上升的结构;涡度方程的诊断分析表明,发展期扭转项对TLV的加强上传更为关键,成熟期拉伸项主导了TLV强度和形态的变化。

关键词：龙卷超级单体类龙卷涡旋扭转项拉伸项

The evolution of hollow symmetric-PV tower during the landfall of Typhoon Mujigae(2015)

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第4期13卷 817-828页

作者： Baofeng JIAO Lingkun RAN xinyong shen Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China

The evolution of Typhoon Mujigae(2015)during the landfall period is determined using potential vorticity(PV)based on a high-resolution numerical *** heating from deep moist convections in the eyewall produces a hollow PV tower extending from the lower troposphere to the middle *** the potential temperature and wind fields could be highly asymmetric during landfall,the fields are divided into symmetric and asymmetric ***,PV is split into three parts:symmetric PV,first-order asymmetric PV,and quadratic-order asymmetric *** calculating the azimuth mean,the first-order term *** symmetric PV is at least one order of magnitude larger than the azimuthal mean quadratic-order term,nearly accounting for the mean ***,the symmetric PV tendency equation is derived in cylindrical *** budget terms include the symmetric heating term,flux divergence of symmetric PV advection due to symmetric flow,flux divergence of partial first-order PV advection due to asymmetric flow,and the conversion term between the symmetric PV and quadratic-order asymmetric *** diagnostic results indicate that the symmetric heating term is responsible for the hollow PV tower generation and *** symmetric flux divergence largely offsets the symmetric heating contribution,resulting in a horizontal narrow ring and vertical extension *** conversion term contribution is comparable to the mean term contributions,while the contribution of the partial first-order PV asymmetric flux divergence is apparently *** conversion term implicitly contains the combined effects of processes that result in asymmetric *** term tends to counteract the contribution of symmetric terms before landfall and favor horizontal PV mixing after landfall.

关键词： landfall typhoon potential vorticity hollow PV tower asymmetric features

Effects of Doubled Carbon Dioxide on Rainfall Responses to Large-Scale Forcing:A Two-Dimensional Cloud-Resolving Modeling Study

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第3期31卷 525-531页

作者： LI Xiaofan shen xinyong LIU Jia Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of the Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

ABSTRACT Rainfall responses to doubled atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration were investigated through the analysis of two pairs of two-dimensional cloud-resolving model sensitivity experiments. One pair of experiments simulated pre-summer heavy rainfall over southern China around the summer solstice, whereas the other pair of experiments simulated tropical rainfall around the winter solstice. The analysis of the time and model domain mean heat budget revealed that the enhanced local atmospheric warming was associated with doubled carbon dioxide through the weakened infrared radiative cooling during the summer solstice. The weakened mean pre-summer rainfall corresponded to the weakened mean infrared radiative cooling. Doubled carbon dioxide increased the mean tropical atmospheric warming via the enhanced mean latent heat in correspondence with the strengthened mean infrared radiative cooling during the winter solstice. The enhanced mean tropical rainfall was associated with the increased mean latent heat.

关键词： doubled carbon dioxide radiation latent heat condensation rainfall cloud-resolving model simulation

5月南极涛动对青藏高原西部夏季气温影响的诊断分析

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气象 2024年第3期50卷 344-356页

作者：张宇李清泉余锦华沈新勇毕淼吴清源南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心南京210044 中国气象局气候预测研究重点开放实验室国家气候中心北京100081 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海519082 中国气象局气候资源经济转化重点开放实验室重庆市气象科学研究所重庆401147

青藏高原是全球气候变暖最敏感的地区之一,是北半球夏季最大的热源,其气候响应受到广泛关注。然而,有关南极涛动与青藏高原夏季气温的关系和机理知之甚少。为了研究南极涛动与青藏高原夏季气温的关系,基于1979—2020年英国东安哥拉大学... 详细信息

青藏高原是全球气候变暖最敏感的地区之一,是北半球夏季最大的热源,其气候响应受到广泛关注。然而,有关南极涛动与青藏高原夏季气温的关系和机理知之甚少。为了研究南极涛动与青藏高原夏季气温的关系,基于1979—2020年英国东安哥拉大学气候研究中心(CRU)的逐月气温、美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的逐月海表面温度和大气环流再分析数据以及南极涛动指数等数据,采用相关、回归、合成分析等方法进行研究。结果表明,北半球夏季青藏高原西部气温与5月南极涛动存在显著负相关,即当5月南极涛动异常偏弱时,夏季青藏高原西部气温异常偏高。其影响过程为,南极涛动为正位相时,在南印度洋中高纬地区出现“负-正-负”的经向“三极子”海温模态,该模态可持续到夏季,在印度洋形成异常的纬向-垂直环流,相应在热带西印度洋和东印度洋-海洋性大陆之间的降水异常导致热带正“偶极子”降水模态,通过该降水模态在青藏高原西部引起异常反气旋环流和下沉运动,有利于高原西部气温偏高。研究结果显示,海洋的热惯性在“延长”南极涛动影响过程中起着重要的桥梁作用,可为青藏高原夏季气温预测提供科学依据。

关键词：南极涛动青藏高原印度洋气温

Three-Dimensional Wind Field Retrieved from Dual-Doppler Radar Based on a Variational Method:Refinement of Vertical Velocity Estimates

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第1期39卷 145-160页

作者： Chenbin XUE Zhiying DING xinyong shen Xian CHEN Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Jiangxi Meteorological Observatory Nanchang 330096China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction Institute of Tropical and Marine MeteorologyCMAGuangzhou 510080China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Jiangxi Institute of Land and Space Survey and Planning/Jiangxi Geomatics Center Nanchang 330000China

In this paper,a scheme of dual-Doppler radar wind analysis based on a three-dimensional variational method is proposed and performed in two ***,the horizontal wind field is simultaneously recovered through minimizing a cost function defined as a radial observation term with the standard conjugate gradient method,avoiding a weighting parameter specification *** with conventional dual-Doppler wind synthesis approaches,this variational method minimizes errors caused by interpolation from radar observation to analysis grid in the iterative solution process,which is one of the main sources of ***,through the accelerated Liebmann method,the vertical velocity is further reestimated as an extra step by solving the Poisson equation with impermeable conditions imposed at the ground and near the *** Poisson equation defined by the second derivative of the vertical velocity is derived from the mass continuity *** with the method proposed by O’Brien,this method is less sensitive to the uncertainty of the boundary conditions and has better stability and ***,the method proposed in this paper is applied to Doppler radar observation of a squall line *** is shown that the retrieved vertical wind profile agrees well with the vertical profile obtained with the velocity–azimuth display(VAD)method,and the retrieved radial velocity as well as the analyzed positive and negative velocity centers and horizontal wind shear of the squall line are in accord with radar *** is a good correspondence between the divergence field of the derived wind field and the vertical ***,the horizontal and vertical circulations within and around the squall line,as well as strong updrafts,the associated downdrafts,and associated rear inflow of the bow echo,are analyzed *** is worth mentioning that the variational method in this paper can be applied to simultaneously synthesize the three-dimensional wind fiel

关键词： dual-Doppler radar three-dimensional wind a variational method vertical velocity wind synthesis

Precipitation Responses to Radiative Effects of Ice Clouds:A Cloud-Resolving Modeling Study of a Pre-Summer Torrential Precipitation Event

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第10期33卷 1137-1142页

作者： xinyong shen Wenyan HUANG Chunyan GUO Xiaocen JIANG Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory ofClimate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingJiangsu 210044China Changzhou Meteorological Bureau ChangzhouJiangsu 213022China Inner Mongolia Meteorological Service Center HohhotInner Mongolia 010051China

The precipitation responses to the radiative effects of ice clouds are investigated through analysis of five-day and hori- zontally averaged data from 2D cumulus ensemble model experiments of a pre-summer torrential precipitation event. The exclusion of the radiative effects of ice clouds lowered the precipitation rate through a substantial reduction in the decrease of hydrometeors when the radiative effects of water clouds were switched on, whereas it increased the precipitation rate through hydrometeor change from an increase to a decrease when the radiative effects of ice clouds were turned off. The weakened hydrometeor decrease was associated with the enhanced longwave radiative cooling mainly through the decreases in the melt- ing of non-precipitating ice to non-precipitating water. The hydrometeor change from an increase to a decrease corresponded to the strengthened longwave radiative cooling in the upper troposphere through the weakened collection of non-precipitating water by precipitation water.

关键词： hydrometeor change precipitation rate longwave radiative cooling local atmospheric cooling

On the Mechanism of a Terrain-Influenced Snow Burst Event during Midwinter in Northeast China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第5期38卷 800-816页

作者： Na LI Baofeng JIAO Lingkun RAN xinyong shen Yanbin QI Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Jilin Weather Modification Office Changchun 130062China

Short-duration snow bursts with heavy snow represent one type of hazardous weather in winter which can be easily missed by the winter weather warnings but often results in great *** this paper,the mechanism for the occurrence of such events was investigated with the aid of a localized terrain-influenced snow burst event in Northeast *** snow burst was produced by an eastward-moving cold-frontal snowband which encountered the downstream complex terrain of the Changbai Mountains and *** ascertain the role of orography on the snow burst,numerical experiments,together with a parallel sensitivity experiment removing Changbai Mountains,were performed to attempt to distinguish the contributions of cold-frontal system and orographic effects to produce the heavy *** showed that without the influence of Changbai Mountains,the release of conditional instability(CI)and inertial instability(II)within a weak frontogenetical environment was responsible for the snowband *** effects played important roles in enhancing the snowband and increasing the snowfall *** enhancement mechanism was related to the interactions of the cold-frontal snowband and the *** the one hand,orographic frontogenesis and persistent ascent,created by orographic gravity waves over the terrain,greatly enhanced the orographic *** intensification of the lifting promoted the release of CI and thus enhanced the *** the other hand,pre-existing orographic instabilities were released due to the passing of the cold-frontal snowband,which could also serve to intensify the snowband over terrain and thus increase the snowfall.

关键词： terrain-influenced snow burst snowband instability lifting