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The Current State and Progress of Mpox Vaccine Research

China CDC weekly 2024年第7期6卷 118-125页

作者： xinlong wang Zhixia Gu Shugui Sheng Rui Song Ronghua Jin Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Institute of Infectious DiseasesBeijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina National Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

On July 23,2022,the World Health Organization(WHO)declared the monkeypox(mpox)outbreak a“Public Health Emergency of International Concern.”Since 2022,outbreaks of mpox in many countries around the world have primarily resulted in fatalities among immunocompromised individuals,such as untreated HIV/AIDS patients.Since the eradication of smallpox was declared by the WHO in 1980,the global vaccination against smallpox has been gradually discontinued.China also stopped routine smallpox vaccination in 1981.The protective effect of the smallpox vaccine has decreased over time due to aging and declining immunity in those who were vaccinated.For individuals,timely vaccination against smallpox is an effective means of protection against mpox.However,due to safety concerns with the smallpox vaccine and the limitations of current mpox vaccines,there is no vaccine that is safe,effective,and has low side effects applied in clinical settings.This article provides a comprehensive review of the development of mpox virus(MPXV)vaccines,their application in special populations,and the current state of vaccine research,considering the etiology,transmission,and prevention of the MPXV.Vaccination,as an effective method of epidemic prevention,can provide long-term immune protection and effectively reduce the severity of infection.However,as there is no licensed specific MPXV vaccine available globally,the vaccines currently used for mpox prevention are mostly smallpox vaccines.These smallpox vaccines can offer some degree of protection against mpox by activating cross-protection in the body.

关键词： prevention routine protective

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Structural Optimization of the Inlet Header of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Printed Circuit Board Heat Exchanger

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1458-1467页

作者： wang Yanquan LU Yuanwei wang Yuanyuan HAN xinlong WU Yuting GAO Qi MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy ConversionBeijing University of Technology

Supercritical carbon dioxide printed circuit board heat exchangers are expected to be applied in third-generation solar thermal power generation.However,the uniformity of supercritical carbon dioxide entering the heat exchanger has a significant impact on the overall performance of the heat exchanger.In order to improve the uniformity of flow distribution in the inlet header,this article studies and optimizes the inlet header of a printed circuit board heat exchanger through numerical simulation.The results indicate that when supercritical carbon dioxide flows through the header cavity,eddy currents will be generated,which will increase the uneven distribution of flow rate,while reducing the generation of eddy currents will improve the uniform distribution of flow rate.When the dimensionless factor of the inlet header is 6,the hyperbolic configuration is the optimal structure.We also reduced the eddy current region by adding transition segments,and the results showed that the structure was the best when the dilation angle was 10°,which reduced the non-uniformity by 21% compared to the hyperbolic configuration,providing guidance for engineering practice.

关键词： third-generation solar thermal power generation inlet header PCHE numerical simulation

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A Review of the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Diseases

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2617-2665页

作者： xinlong Diao Xiao wang Junkang Qin Qinmu Wu Zhiqin He Xinghong Fan Department of Electrical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina

In recent years,Artificial Intelligence(AI)has revolutionized people’s lives.AI has long made breakthrough progress in the field of surgery.However,the research on the application of AI in orthopedics is still in the exploratory stage.The paper first introduces the background of AI and orthopedic diseases,addresses the shortcomings of traditional methods in the detection of fractures and orthopedic diseases,draws out the advantages of deep learning and machine learning in image detection,and reviews the latest results of deep learning and machine learning applied to orthopedic image detection in recent years,describing the contributions,strengths and weaknesses,and the direction of the future improvements that can be made in each study.Next,the paper also introduces the difficulties of traditional orthopedic surgery and the roles played by AI in preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative orthopedic surgery,scientifically discussing the advantages and prospects of AI in orthopedic surgery.Finally,the article discusses the limitations of current research and technology in clinical applications,proposes solutions to the problems,and summarizes and outlines possible future research directions.The main objective of this review is to inform future research and development of AI in orthopedics.

关键词： Artificial intelligence orthopedics image detection deep learning machine learning diagnostic disease robotics

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Plasma induced grain boundaries to boost electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 636-643页

作者： Guan wang Shengtao Zhong Xiaoqian Xiong Jing Li Fangyuan wang Li Huo Daoxiong Wu Xingqi Han Zhitong wang Qi Chen xinlong Tian Peilin Deng School of Marine Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan University

Bismuth-based catalysts are highly promising for the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction（eCO2RR） to formate product.However,achieving high activity and selectivity towards formate and ensuring long-term stability remains challenging.This work reports the oxygen plasma inducing strategy to construct the abundant grain boundaries of Bi/BiOxon ultrathin two-dimensional Bi nanosheets.The oxygen plasma-treated Bi nanosheet（OP-Bi） exhibits over 90% Faradaic efficiency（FE） for formate at a wide potential range from-0.5 to-1.1 V,and maintains a great stability catalytic performance without significant decay over 30 h in flow cell.Moreover,membrane electrode assembly（MEA） device with OPBi as catalyst sustains the robust current density of 100 mA cm-2over 50 h,maintaining a formate FE above 90%.In addition,rechargeable Zn-CO2battery presents the peak power density of1.22 mW cm-2with OP-Bi as bifunctional catalyst.The mechanism experiments demonstrate that the high-density grain boundaries of OP-Bi provide more exposed active sites,faster electron transfer capacity,and the stronger intrinsic activity of Bi atoms.In situ spectroscopy and theo retical calculations further elucidate that the unsaturated Bi coordination atoms between the grain boundaries can effectively activate CO2molecules through elongating the C-O bond,and reducing the formation energy barrier of the key intermediate（*OCOH）,thereby enhancing the catalytic performance of eCO2RR to formate product.

关键词： Bi nanosheet CO2 electroreduction Grain boundary MEA device Unsaturation Bi atoms

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Nitrogen-doped microporous graphite-enhanced copper plasmonic effect for solar evaporation

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 215-223页

作者： Xintao Wu Chengcheng Li Ziqi Zhang Yang Cao Jieqiong wang xinlong Tian Zhongxin Liu Yijun Shen Mingxin Zhang Wei Huang School of Marine Science and Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikouHainanChina Key Laboratory of Child Cognition and Behavior Development of Hainan Province Qiongtai Normal UniversityHaikouHainanChina

Water scarcity is a global challenge,and solar evaporation technology offers a promising and eco-friendly solution for freshwater production.Photothermal conversion materials(PCMs)are crucial for solar evaporation.Improving photothermal conversion efficiency and reducing water evaporation enthalpy are the two key strategies for the designing of PCMs.The desired PCMs that combine both of these properties remain a challenging task,even with the latest advancements in the field.Herein,we developed copper nanoparticles(NPs)with different conjugated nitrogen-doped microporous carbon coatings(Cu@C–N)as PCMs.The microporous carbon enveloping layer provides a highly efficient pathway for water transport and a nanoconfined environment that protects Cu NPs and facilitates the evaporation of water clusters,reducing the enthalpy of water evaporation.Meanwhile,the conjugated nitrogen nodes form strong metal-organic coordination bonds with the surface of copper NPs,acting as an energy bridge to achieve rapid energy transfer and provide high solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency.The Cu@C–N exhibited up to 89.4%solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency and an evaporation rate of 1.94 kgm^(−2) h^(−1) under one sun irradiation,outperforming conventional PCMs,including carbon-based materials and semiconductor materials.These findings offer an efficient design scheme for high-performance PCMs essential for solar evaporators to address global water scarcity.

关键词： nanoconfinement photothermal conversion materials plasmonic resonance seawater desalination solar evaporation

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Design and implementation of a multi-tile parallel scanning rasterization accelerator

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2024年第2期31卷 94-104页

作者： Xing Lidong Guo Qiang Peng xinlong Feng Zhenfu School of Electronic Engineering Xi'an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi'an 710121China

In the design of a graphic processing unit(GPU),the processing speed of triangle rasterization is an important factor that determines the performance of the GPU.An architecture of a multi-tile parallel-scan rasterization accelerator was proposed in this paper.The accelerator uses a bounding box algorithm to improve scanning efficiency.It rasterizes multiple tiles in parallel and scans multiple lines at the same time within each tile.This highly parallel approach drastically improves the performance of rasterization.Using the 65 nm process standard cell library of Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation(SMIC),the accelerator can be synthesized to a maximum clock frequency of 220 MHz.An implementation on the Genesys2 field programmable gate array(FPGA)board fully verifies the functionality of the accelerator.The implementation shows a significant improvement in rendering speed and efficiency and proves its suitability for high-performance rasterization.

关键词： graphic processing unit(GPU) rasterization multi-tile parallelism

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Basal defense is enhanced in a wheat cultivar resistant to Fusarium head blight

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1238-1258页

作者： xinlong Gao Fan Li Yikun Sun Jiaqi Jiang Xiaolin Tian Qingwen Li Kaili Duan Jie Lin Huiquan Liu Qinhu wang State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Fusarium head blight(FHB),mainly caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum,is one of the most destructive wheat diseases.Besides directly affecting the yield,the mycotoxin residing in the kernel greatly threatens the health of humans and livestock.Xinong 979(XN979)is a widely cultivated wheat elite with high yield and FHB resistance.However,its resistance mechanism remains unclear.In this study,we studied the expression of genes involved in plant defense in XN979 by comparative transcriptomics.We found that the FHB resistance in XN979 consists of two lines of defense.The first line of defense,which is constitutive,is knitted via the enhanced basal expression of lignin and jasmonic acid(JA)biosynthesis genes.The second line of defense,which is induced upon F.graminearum infection,is contributed by the limited suppression of photosynthesis and the struggle of biotic stress-responding genes.Meanwhile,the effective defense in XN979 leads to an inhibition of fungal gene expression,especially in the early infection stage.The formation of the FHB resistance in XN979 may coincide with the breeding strategies,such as selecting high grain yield and lodging resistance traits.This study will facilitate our understanding of wheat-F.graminearum interaction and is insightful for breeding FHB-resistant wheat.

关键词： Fusarium head blight Xinong 979 lignin jasmonic acid photosynthesis Fusarium graminearum

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DenseCL:A simple framework for self-supervised dense visual pre-training

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Visual Informatics 2023年第1期7卷 30-40页

作者： xinlong wang Rufeng Zhang Chunhua Shen Tao Kong The University of Adelaide Australia Zhejiang University China Tongji University China ByteDance AI Lab. China

Self-supervised learning aims to learn a universal feature representation without labels.To date,most existing self-supervised learning methods are designed and optimized for image classification.These pre-trained models can be sub-optimal for dense prediction tasks due to the discrepancy between image-level prediction and pixel-level prediction.To fill this gap,we aim to design an effective,dense self-supervised learning framework that directly works at the level of pixels(or local features)by taking into account the correspondence between local features.Specifically,we present dense contrastive learning(DenseCL),which implements self-supervised learning by optimizing a pairwise contrastive(dis)similarity loss at the pixel level between two views of input images.Compared to the supervised ImageNet pre-training and other self-supervised learning methods,our self-supervised DenseCL pretraining demonstrates consistently superior performance when transferring to downstream dense prediction tasks including object detection,semantic segmentation and instance segmentation.Specifically,our approach significantly outperforms the strong MoCo-v2 by 2.0%AP on PASCAL VOC object detection,1.1%AP on COCO object detection,0.9%AP on COCO instance segmentation,3.0%mIoU on PASCAL VOC semantic segmentation and 1.8%mIoU on Cityscapes semantic segmentation.The improvements are up to 3.5%AP and 8.8%mIoU over MoCo-v2,and 6.1%AP and 6.1%mIoU over supervised counterpart with frozen-backbone evaluation protocol.

关键词： Self-supervised learning Visual pre-training Dense prediction tasks

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In-situ Generation of Hydroxyl Layers in Coo@FeSe_(2) Catalyst for High Selectivity Seawater Electrolysis

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第1期42卷 48-54,I0004页

作者： Suyang Feng Peng Rao Xiao Wu Ke Li Anyuan Qi Yanhui Yu Jing Li Peilin Deng Yuliang Yuan Shaolei wang xinlong Tian Zhenye Kang State Key Laboratoryof Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemistrySchoolof Chemical Engineering andTechnologyHainan UniversityHaikouHainan 570228China Key Laboraory of Polyoxmetalate andReticular Material Chemtry of Ministy of Education School of Chmistry Northeast NormalUniversity ChangchunJilin 130024China National Energy Group Ledong Power Generation Co. Ltd.LedongHainan 572539China

Seawater electrolysis holds great promise for hydrogen production in the future,while the development of anodic catalysts has been severely hampered by the side-reaction,chloride evolution reaction.In this work,nano-flower-cluster structured Coo@FeSe_(2)/CF catalysts are synthesized via a scalable electrodeposition technique,and the performance is systematically studied.The oxygen evolution reaction(OER)overpotential of Co0@FeSe_(2)/CF is 267 mV at 100 mA.cm^(-2),which is significantly lower than that of the IrO_(2) catalyst(435 mV).Additionally,the catalyst shows high selectivity for OER(97.9%)and almost no loss of activity after a durability test for 1100 h.The impressive performance is attributed to the dense rod-like structure with abundant active centers after electrochemical activation and the in-situ generated CoOOH and FeOOH that improve the catalytic activity of the catalyst.The synergistic effect induced bythenon-uniform structureendows the catalyst with excellent stability.

关键词： Energy Transfer Seawat erelectrolysis Oxygen evolution reaction Electrodeposition method CoO@FeSe_(2)/CF catalyst Nano-flower-cluster structure Catalytic activity

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Phase transfer-based high-efficiency recycling of precious metal electrocatalysts

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期5卷 68-74页

作者： Qing Zeng Shaonan Tian Yu Zhang Hui Liu Dong Chen xinlong Tian Chaoquan Hu Jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemistrySchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikou570228China Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry Nanjing211100China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Recycling precious metals with high-efficiency is undoubtedly beneficial to optimize resource utilization for environmental remediation and sustainable development.Herein,we report an efficient route to recycle the palladium(Pd)and platinum(Pt)electrocatalysts using a phase transfer method.This strategy involves acidic dissolution of deactivated precious metal(Pd/Pt)electrocatalysts from their loading substrates,mixing with an ethanolic solution of dodecylamine(DDA),subsequent extraction of metal ions into a non-polar organic phase,and final reduction by sodium borohydride to reproduce high-performance electrocatalysts towards typical electrochemical reactions,e.g.,oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR).In specific,the transfer efficiencies are up to 98%and the final recovery rate is over 85%for Pd and Pt electrocatalysts in each cycle.This approach symbolizes a facile and efficient way to recover precious metals,which might be applied to recycling a wide range of metals in various realms after appropriate modifications.

关键词： Precious metal Phase transfer Extraction Recovery Electrocatalyst

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