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BSTFNet:An Encrypted Malicious Traffic Classification Method Integrating Global Semantic and Spatiotemporal Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3929-3951页

作者： Hong Huang xingxing Zhang Ye Lu Ze Li Shaohua Zhou School of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan University of Science&EngineeringYibin644002China School of Mathematics and Statistics Sichuan University of Science&EngineeringYibin644002China

While encryption technology safeguards the security of network communications,malicious traffic also uses encryption protocols to obscure its malicious *** address the issues of traditional machine learning methods relying on expert experience and the insufficient representation capabilities of existing deep learning methods for encrypted malicious traffic,we propose an encrypted malicious traffic classification method that integrates global semantic features with local spatiotemporal features,called BERT-based Spatio-Temporal Features Network(BSTFNet).At the packet-level granularity,the model captures the global semantic features of packets through the attention mechanism of the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)*** the byte-level granularity,we initially employ the Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit(BiGRU)model to extract temporal features from bytes,followed by the utilization of the Text Convolutional Neural Network(TextCNN)model with multi-sized convolution kernels to extract local multi-receptive field spatial *** fusion of features from both granularities serves as the ultimate multidimensional representation of malicious *** approach achieves accuracy and F1-score of 99.39%and 99.40%,respectively,on the publicly available USTC-TFC2016 dataset,and effectively reduces sample confusion within the Neris and Virut *** experimental results demonstrate that our method has outstanding representation and classification capabilities for encrypted malicious traffic.

关键词： Encrypted malicious traffic classification bidirectional encoder representations from transformers text convolutional neural network bidirectional gated recurrent unit

Impacts of permafrost degradation on streamflow in the northern Himalayas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1990-2000页

作者： Linfeng FAN Fang JI xingxing KUANG Zhilin GUO Rui ZHANG Chunmiao ZHENG State Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Engineering Resilience Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development Hohai UniversityNanjing 210024China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Eastern Institute for Advanced Study Ningbo 315200China

The Himalayan water tower provides crucial water resources for *** degradation is deemed to exert important impacts on streamflow in the Himalayan ***,the magnitudes of such impacts remain poorly ***,we established a robust hydrological model that incorporated active layer deepening and ground ice melt for the drainage basin of the largest river in the northern Himalayas-the Yarlung Zangbo River(YZR).We estimated that permafrost degradation led to~0.65 km^(3)/yr decrease in surface runoff and~0.35 km^(3)/yr increase in baseflow and ground ice melt contributed~0.25% to the annual streamflow in the YZR for the period ***“fill-and-spill”mechanism helps explain the seeming contradiction of observed increasing versus decreasing baseflow in different permafrost regions *** propose that the dilution of riverine dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentrations by baseflow may lead to the riverine DOC hysteresis *** study not only lays solid scientific basis for water resources management in the Himalayas,but also yields new insights into how to interpret measured river discharge and nutrient flux in permafrost regions over the globe.

关键词： Permafrost degradation Hydrology Streamflow Surface runoff Groundwater Himalayas

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中国碳排放权交易市场:成效、现实与策略

东南学术 2022年第4期 167-177页

作者：陈星星中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所中国经济社会发展与智能治理实验室

碳排放权是一种稀缺的经济资源,是绿色金融体系的组成部分。中国碳排放权交易试点经过十多年的发展,在推动产业结构调整、促进碳排放总量和强度双降、加速社会低碳化发展方面取得积极成效,为建立全国碳排放权交易市场积累了丰富经验。当... 详细信息

碳排放权是一种稀缺的经济资源,是绿色金融体系的组成部分。中国碳排放权交易试点经过十多年的发展,在推动产业结构调整、促进碳排放总量和强度双降、加速社会低碳化发展方面取得积极成效,为建立全国碳排放权交易市场积累了丰富经验。当前,全国碳排放权交易市场成交量周期性显著,量价受政策影响明显,存在碳价偏低、CCER机制建设迟缓、MRV制度落实不够到位、碳金融产品尚不丰富等问题。中国应坚持碳排放权市场总量设置适度从紧的原则,构建多层次碳交易市场和碳金融市场,适当延长能源供应端发电行业碳排放配额全额免费实施周期,打造全国统一的碳交易用户终端和精准化服务模式,进一步畅通试点省份与全国统一市场间联系,探索中国碳排放权交易市场国际合作道路。

关键词：碳排放权交易市场 CCER 绿色金融

Protein lipidation in health and disease:molecular basis,physiological function and pathological implication

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第4期9卷 1423-1465页

作者： Yuan Yuan Peiyuan Li jianghui Li Qiu Zhao Ying Chang xingxing He Department of Gastroenterology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Department of Gastroenterology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases WuhanChina

Posttranslational modifications increase the complexity and functional diversity of proteins in response to complex external stimuli and internal *** these,protein lipidations which refer to lipid attachment to proteins are prominent,which primarily encompassing five types including S-palmitoylation,N-myristoylation,S-prenylation,glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPl)anchor and *** attachment to proteins plays an essential role in the regulation of protein trafficking,localisation,stability,conformation,interactions and signal transduction by enhancing *** evidence from genetic,structural,and biomedical studies has consistently shown that protein lipidation is pivotal in the regulation of broad physiological functions and is inextricably linked to a variety of *** of dedicated research have driven the development of a wide range of drugs targeting protein lipidation,and several agents have been developed and tested in preclinical and clinical studies,some of which,such as asciminib and lonafarnib are FDA-approved for therapeutic use,indicating that targeting protein lipidations represents a promising therapeutic ***,we comprehensively review the known regulatory enzymes and catalytic mechanisms of various protein lipidation types,outline the impact of protein lipidations on physiology and disease,and highlight potential therapeutic targets and clinical research progress,aiming to provide a comprehensive reference for future protein lipidation research.

关键词： Lipid ation primarily

PINK1 kinase dysfunction triggers neurodegeneration in the primate brain without impacting mitochondrial homeostasis

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Protein & Cell 2022年第1期13卷 26-46页

作者： Weili Yang Xiangyu Guo Zhuchi Tu Xiusheng chen Rui Han Yanting Liu Sen Yan Qi Wang Zhifu Wang Xianxian Zhao Yunpeng Zhang Xin Xiong Huiming Yang Peng Yin Huida Wan xingxing chen Jifeng Guo Xiao-Xin Yan Lujian Liao Shihua Li Xiao-Jiang Li Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-human Primate Research Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics of Ministry of Education Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomicsand Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologySchool of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 100021China Department of Neurology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China

In vitro studies have established the prevalent theory that the mitochondrial kinase PINK1 protects neurodegeneration by removing damaged mitochondria in Parkinson's disease(PD).However,difficulty in detecting endogenous PINK1 protein in rodent brains and cell lines has prevented the rigorous investigation of the in vivo role of *** we report that PINK1 kinase form is selectively expressed in the human and monkey ***/Cas9-mediated deficiency of PINK1 causes similar neurodegeneration in the brains of fetal and adult monkeys as well as cultured monkey neurons without affecting mitochondrial protein expression and ***,PINK1 mutations in the primate brain and human cells reduce protein phosphorylation that is important for neuronal function and *** findings suggest that PINK1 kinase activity rather than its mitochondrial function is essential for the neuronal survival in the primate brains and that its kinase dysfunction could be involved in the pathogenesis of PD.

关键词： Parkinson's disease neurogenesis neurodegeneration mitochondria non-human primates

Effects of acid mine drainage on photochemical and biological degradation of dissolved organic matter in karst river water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 26-38页

作者： Linwei Li xingxing Cao Chujie Bu Pan Wu Biao Tian Yongheng Dai Yeye Ren College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Dissolved organic matter(DOM)can be removed or transformed by photochemical and biological processes,producing the negative effect of transforming organic carbon into inorganic carbon,which plays a vital role in the karst carbon ***,acid mine drainage(AMD)will affect this process,so the degradation of DOM in karst river water(KRW)needs to be studied in this *** this study,to reveal the evolution processes of DOM under photochemical and biological conditions in AMD-impacted KRW,AMD and KRW were mixed in different ratios under conditions of visible light irradiation(VL),biodegradation(BD),ultraviolet irradiation(UV)and ultraviolet irradiation+biodegradation(UV+BD).The average DOC concentrations in samples after mixing AMD and KRW in different proportions decreased significantly(by 23%)in UV+BD,which was 1.2–1.4 times higher than under the other conditions and would lead to a significant release of inorganic *** analysis of the fluorescence parameters via parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC)revealed that the DOM fluorescence components in AMD comprised mainly protein-like substances derived from autochthonous components,while the DOM fluorescence components in KRW were mainly humic-like substances with both autochthonous and allochthonous ***,AMD could promote both the photochemical and biological degradation of DOM in karst receiving streams,resulting in the conversion of DOC to inorganic *** results showed that the synergistic effects of UV+BD and AMD accelerated the degradation of DOM and the release of inorganic carbon in KRW,thus affecting the stability of the karst carbon cycle.

关键词： Acid mine drainage Dissolved organic matter Karst river water Photochemical degradation Biological degradation

Orbit and clock products for quad-system satellites with undifferenced ambiguity fixing approach

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 125-139页

作者： Jiaqi Wu xingxing Li Yongqiang Yuan Keke Zhang Xin Li Jiaqing Lou Yun Xiong School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University129 Luoyu RoadWuhan430079China Hubei Luojia Laboratory 129 Luoyu RoadWuhan430079China German Research Centre for Geosciences GFZ Telegrafenberg14473PotsdamGermany Technische Universitat Berlin(TUB) Straße Des 17.Juni10623BerlinGermany

Integer Ambiguity Resolution(IAR)can significantly improve the accuracy of GNSS Precise Orbit Determination(POD).Traditionally,the IAR in POD is achieved at the Double Differenced(DD)*** this contribution,we develop an Un-Differenced(UD)IAR method for Global Positioning System(GPS)+BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)+Galileo navigation satellite system(Galileo)+Global'naya Navigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema(GLONASS)quad-system POD by calibrating UD ambiguities in the raw carrier phase and generating the so-called carrier *** on this method,we generate the UD ambiguity-fixed orbit and clock products for the Wuhan Innovation Application Center(IAC)of the International GNSS Monitoring and Assessment System(iGMAS).One-year observations in 2020 from 150 stations are employed to investigate performance of orbit and clock ***,the UD Ambiguity Resolution(AR)yields more resolved integer ambiguities than the traditional DD AR,scaling up to 9%,attributable to its avoidance of station baseline *** from the removal of ambiguity parameters,the computational efficiency of parameter estimation undergoes a substantial 70%*** with the float solution,the orbit consistencies of UD AR solution achieve the accuracy of 1.9,5.2,2.8,2.1,and 2.7 cm for GPS,BeiDou-2 Navigation Satellite System(BDS-2),BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System(BDS-3),Galileo,and GLONASS satellites respectively,reflecting enhancements of 40%,24%,54%,34%,and 42%.Moreover,the standard deviations of Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)residuals are spanning 2.5–3.5 cm,underscoring a comparable accuracy to the DD AR solution,with discrepancies below 5%.A notable advantage of UD AR lies in its capability to produce the Integer Recovered Clock(IRC),facilitating Precise Point Positioning(PPP)AR without requiring additional Uncalibrated Phase Delay(UPD)*** assess the performance of quad-system kinematic PPP based on IRC,a network comprising 120 stations is uti

关键词： Multi-GNSS Precise orbit determination Integer recover clock Undifferenced ambiguity resolution iGMAS innovation application center

The OsCLV2s-OsCRN1 co-receptor regulates grain shape in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第7期51卷 691-702页

作者： xingxing Li Meng-en Wu Juncheng Zhang Jingyue Xu Yuanfei Diao Yibo Li National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

The highly conserved CLV–WUS negative feedback pathway plays a decisive role in regulating stem cell maintenance in shoot and floral meristems in higher plants,including Arabidopsis,rice,maize,and ***,we find significant natural variations in the OsCLV2c,OsCLV2d,and OsCRN1 loci in a genome-wide association study of grain shape in ***2a,OsCLV2c,OsCLV2d,and OsCRN1 negatively regulate grain length–width ratio and show distinctive geographical distribution,indica–japonica differentiation,and artificial selection ***,OsCLV2a and OsCRN1 interact biochemically and genetically,suggesting that the two components function in a complex to regulate grain shape of ***,the genetic contributions of the haplotypes combining OsCLV2a,OsCLV2c,and OsCRN1 are significantly higher than those of each single gene alone in controlling key yield *** findings identify two groups of receptor-like kinases that may function as distinct co-receptors to control grain size in rice,thereby revealing a previously unrecognized role of the CLV class genes in regulating seed development and proposing a framework to understand the molecular mechanisms of the CLV–WUS pathway in rice and other crops.

关键词： Rice Grain shape OsCLV2s OsCRN1 Natural variations Indica-japonica differentiation

Fewer is more:efficient object detection in large aerial images

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 105-123页

作者： xingxing XIE Gong chenG Qingyang LI Shicheng MIAO Ke LI Junwei HAN School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Zhengzhou Institute of Surveying and Mapping

Current mainstream object detection methods for large aerial images usually divide large images into patches and then exhaustively detect the objects of interest on all patches,no matter whether there exist objects or *** paradigm,although effective,is inefficient because the detectors have to go through all patches,severely hindering the inference *** paper presents an objectness activation network(OAN) to help detectors focus on fewer patches but achieve more efficient inference and more accurate results,enabling a simple and effective solution to object detection in large *** brief,OAN is a light fully-convolutional network for judging whether each patch contains objects or not,which can be easily integrated into many object detectors and jointly trained with them *** extensively evaluate our OAN with five advanced *** OAN,all five detectors acquire more than 30.0% speed-up on three large-scale aerial image datasets,meanwhile with consistent accuracy *** extremely large Gaofen-2 images(29200 × 27620 pixels),our OAN improves the detection speed by 70.5%.Moreover,we extend our OAN to driving-scene object detection and 4K video object detection,boosting the detection speed by 112.1% and 75.0%,respectively,without sacrificing the accuracy.

关键词： efficient object detection large aerial images objectness activation network