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山东省南四湖表层水和沉积物中SCCPs赋存特征及风险评价

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环境科学研究 2024年第6期37卷 1267-1277页

作者：王子祺焦立新张威振刘亚萍刘明言赵兴茹成都理工大学生态环境学院四川成都610059 中国环境科学研究院水生态环境研究所北京100012 云南农业大学建筑工程学院云南昆明650201

短链氯化石蜡(SCCPs)具有良好的化学稳定性和热稳定性,被我国广泛用作金属加工中的润滑剂、密封剂,纺织品中的阻燃剂以及塑料中的增塑剂。但SCCPs的持久性、高毒性、长距离迁移特性和生物蓄积性会对生物体的肝脏、新陈代谢以及发育产生... 详细信息

短链氯化石蜡(SCCPs)具有良好的化学稳定性和热稳定性,被我国广泛用作金属加工中的润滑剂、密封剂,纺织品中的阻燃剂以及塑料中的增塑剂。但SCCPs的持久性、高毒性、长距离迁移特性和生物蓄积性会对生物体的肝脏、新陈代谢以及发育产生影响,对人类的健康具有潜在危害。目前SCCPs已广泛存在于环境中,然而对其在湖泊淡水环境中的赋存特征及风险评价仍缺乏系统的研究。本文采用GC-MS分析了南四湖表层水和表层沉积物中SCCPs的含量水平、组成特征,探讨了污染物的主要来源及潜在风险。结果表明:①表层水中SCCPs总浓度为53.9~1287.7 ng/L,沉积物中SCCPs总含量为609.9~113761.7 ng/g(以干质量计,下同)。南四湖表层水中SCCPs浓度的空间分布呈现北部较高、南部较低的特征,沉积物中SCCPs含量的空间分布呈现两端高、中间较低的特征。结合南四湖周边环境因素分析,这可能与周边码头船只使用的燃料排放、湖泊水动力、大坝工程以及工业农业生产有关。②C_(10)SCCPs和C_(13)SCCPs是南四湖表层水和沉积物中主要的碳链基团,表层水中Cl_(6)SCCPs、Cl7SCCPs和Cl_(9)SCCPs是主要氯同类物,沉积物中Cl_(6)SCCPs是主要氯同类物。③主成分分析结果表明,南四湖表层水和沉积物中SCCPs的来源关联性较弱,可能与环境条件、人类活动及周边地区生产使用不同种类的氯化石蜡产品等多种因素有关。④熵值法初步风险评估表明,南四湖表层水大部分取样点处于中风险,部分取样点处于高风险,RQ平均值为0.85,整体处于中风险等级。沉积物取样点大部分处于高风险,部分取样点处于中风险,RQ平均值为21.07,整体处于高风险等级。研究显示,南四湖SCCPs污染日益加重,表层水中SCCPs浓度处于中风险等级,沉积物中SCCPs含量总体上已处于高风险等级,需要引起特别的关注。

关键词： SCCPs 湖泊沉积物生态风险

Ammonia pollution characteristics of centralized drinking water sources in China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第10期24卷 1739-1743页

作者： Qing Fu Binghui Zheng xingru zhao Lijing Wang Changming Liu College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Water ProtectionChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

The characteristics of ammonia in drinking water sources in China were evaluated during 2005-2009. The spatial distribution and seasonal changes of ammonia in different types of drinking water sources of 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 4 municipalities were investigated. The levels of ammonia in drinking water sources follow the order of fiver 〉 lake/reservoir 〉 groundwater. The levels of ammonia concentration in river sources gradually decreased from 2005 to 2008, while no obvious change was observed in the lakes/reservoirs and groundwater drinking water sources. The proportion of the type of drinking water sources is different in different regions. In river drinking water sources, the ammonia level was varied in different regions and changed seasonally. The highest value and wide range of annual ammonia was found in South East region, while the lowest value was found in Southwest region. In lake/reservoir drinking water sources, the ammonia levels were not varied obviously in different regions. In underground drinking water sources, the ammonia levels were varied obviously in different regions due to the geological permeability and the natural features of regions. In the drinking water sources with higher ammonia levels, there are enterprises and wastewater drainages in the protected areas of the drinking water sources.

关键词： ammonia centralized drinking water sources distribution China

中医药调控线粒体自噬治疗急性肾损伤的研究进展

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生命的化学 2024年第4期44卷 719-727页

作者：赵幸如张寒吴宇清张钊奇高坤南京中医药大学附属医院南京210029 山东中医药大学济南250355

急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)是短时间内肾功能急速下降的临床综合征,主要由缺血再灌注损伤、脓毒症、造影剂或顺铂等药物引起。肾脏作为人体的高耗能器官,内含丰富的线粒体,并发展出多种精细的质量调控机制以维持线粒体稳态。... 详细信息

急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)是短时间内肾功能急速下降的临床综合征,主要由缺血再灌注损伤、脓毒症、造影剂或顺铂等药物引起。肾脏作为人体的高耗能器官,内含丰富的线粒体,并发展出多种精细的质量调控机制以维持线粒体稳态。线粒体自噬(mitophagy)便是其中一种热点机制,可以选择性清除受损的线粒体,维持细胞正常的结构与功能,亦可参与肾组织的炎症、氧化应激和细胞凋亡等过程。中医理论认为,肾失气化,浊毒瘀滞是AKI发生发展的内在机制。中医药调控线粒体自噬以达“阴阳平衡”作为AKI的治疗靶点具有潜在前景。本文综述了线粒体自噬在各种病因所致AKI中的调控机制,对中医药靶向线粒体自噬,防止其抑制或过度激活以治疗AKI的研究现状进行总结和展望,旨在为AKI治疗的提供新方向。

关键词：急性肾损伤线粒体自噬线粒体稳态中药

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in chicken tissues and eggs from an electronic waste recycling area in southeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第1期23卷 133-138页

作者： Xiaofei Qin Zhanfen Qin Yan Li Yaxian zhao Xijuan Xia Shishuai Yan Mi Tian xingru zhao Xiaobai Xu Yongjian Yang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Taizhou No. 1 Middle School Taizhou 318000 China

The levels and distributions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） in chicken tissues from an electronic waste （e-waste） recycling area in southeast China were investigated. Human dietary intake by local residents via chicken muscle and eggs was estimated. The mean PBDEs concentrations in tissues ranged from 15.2 to 3138.1 ng/g lipid weight （lw） and in egg the concentration was 563.5 ng/g lw. The results showed that the level of total PBDEs （∑PBDEs） in the chicken tissue was 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than those reported in the literature. The large difference of ∑PBDEs concentrations between tissues confirmed that the distribution of PBDEs in tissues depend on tissue-specificity rather than the ＂lipid-compartment＂. BDE-209 was the predominant congener （82.5%- 94.7% of ∑PBDEs） in all chicken tissues except in brain （34.7% of ∑PBDEs）, which indicated that deca-BDE （the major commercial PBDE formulation comprising 65%-70% of total production） was major pollution source in this area and could be bioaccumulated in terrestrial animals. The dietary PBDEs intake of the local residents from chicken muscle and egg, assuming only local bred chickens and eggs were consumed, ranged from 2.2 to 22.5 ng/（*** body weight （bw）） with a mean value of 13.5 ng/（day-kg bw）, which was one order of magnitude higher than the value reported in previous studies for consumption of all foodstuffs.

关键词： polybrominated diphenyl ethers chicken egg bioaccumulation tissue distribution exposure risk

Distribution characteristics of poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances in the Yangtze River Delta

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第11期29卷 97-109页

作者： Binghui Zheng Xiaolei Liu Rui Guo Qing Fu xingru zhao Shanjun Wang Sheng Chang Xing Wang Mengjiao Geng Guang Yang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Water Protection Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hebei Normal University

In this work, a method was developed and optimized for the analysis of polyfluoroalkyl and/or perfluoroalkyl substances（PFASs） content in surface water and sediment samples with high instrumental response and good separation. Surface water and sediment samples were collected from the Yangtze River Delta（YRD） to analyze the distribution characteristics of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids（PFCAs）, perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids（PFSAs）, perfluoroalkyl phosphonic acids（PFPAs）, perfluoroalkyl phosphinic acids（PFPiAs）, and polyfluoroalkyl phosphoric acid diesters（di PAPs）. The results showed that the total concentrations of PFCAs and PFSAs in YRD varied from 31 to 902 ng/L. PFCAs（≥ 11 carbons） and PFSAs（≥ 10 carbons atoms） were not detected in any surface water samples. The mean concentrations of all PFCAs and PFSAs in surface water from the sampling areas decreased in the following order：Yangtze river（191 ng/L） ≈ Taihu lake（189 ng/L）〉 Huangpu river（122 ng/L） ≈ Qiantang river（120 ng/L）〉 Jiaxing urban river（100 ng/L）. Strong significant（p 〈 0.05） correlations between the concentrations of many of the compounds were found in the sampling areas, suggesting a common source for these compounds. Only perfluorooctanoic acid（PFOA） was observed in all sediment samples, at concentrations varying from 0.02 to 1.35 ng/g. Finally, detection rates of two di PAPs were only 8% and 10%, respectively and the concentration of di PAPs was two to three times lower compared to PFCAs and PFSAs.

关键词： Perfluorinated compounds Polyfluoroalkyl substances Surface water Sediment

Ecotoxicological effects of mixed pollutants resulted from e-wastes recycling and bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Chinese loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第12期21卷 1695-1701页

作者： QIN Xiaofei XIA Xijuan LI Yan zhao Yaxian YANG Zhongzhi FU Shan TI-AN Mi zhao xingru QIN Zhanfen XU Xiaobai YANG Yongjian State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Taizhou No.1 Middle School Taizhou 318000 China

To understand potential ecotoxicological effects of electrical and electronic equipment waste （e-waste） recycling and polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） bioaccumulation in loaches, a semi-field experiment using Chinese loach （Misgurnus anguiUicaudatus） as experimental fish was performed. Larval loaches were kept in net-cage for three months in an e-wastes recycling site and a reference site in Southeastern China. There was significant difference of the survival rate between the loaches from the e-wastes recycling site （27%, 19/70） and from reference site （70%, 49/70）. Histopathological responses were also found in all the livers examined in loaches from the e-wastes recycling site. These results showed that mixed pollutants resulted from e-wastes recycling led to ecotoxicological effects on loaches. The bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs）, the main pollutants in e-waste, in loaches was also studied, the mean concentration of total PBDEs in sediment was 6726.17 ng/g wet weight and in water samples was 4.08 ng/L （dissolved phase）. BDE 209 was the dominant congener in sediment and with relatively high concentration in water. Relatively low concentration of BDE 209 （less than 0.01% of total PBDEs） and high concentration of BDE47 （up to 39.34% of total PBDEs） were detected in loaches.

关键词： e-wastes loach ecotoxicological effects polybrominated diphenyl ethers semi-field experiment

Thyroid disruption by technical decabromodiphenyl ether (DE-83R) at low concentrations in Xenopus laevis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第5期22卷 744-751页

作者： Xiaofei Qin Xijuan Xia Zhongzhi Yang Shishuai Yan Yaxian zhao Rongguo Wei Yan Li Mi Tian xingru zhao Zhanfen Qin Xiaobai Xu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Decabromodiphenyl ether （decaBDE）,as a flame retardant,is widely produced and *** study the thyroid disruption by technical decaBDE at low concentrations,Xenopus laevis tadpoles were exposed to technical decaBDE mixture DE-83R （1-1000 ng/L） in water from stage 46/47 （free swimming larvae,system of Nieuwkoop and Faber） to stage ***-83R at concentration of 1000 ng/L significantly delayed the time to metamorphosis （presented by forelimb emergence,FLE）.Histological examination showed that DE83R at all tested concentrations caused histological alterations-multilayer follicular epithelial cell and markedly increased follicle size accompanied by partial colloid depletion and increase in the peripheral colloid vacuolation,in thyroid *** tested concentrations of DE-83R also induced a down-regulation of thyroid receptor mRNA *** results demonstrated that technical decaBDE disrupted the thyroid system in *** *** of polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs）（sum of 39 congeners） in *** indicated that mean concentrations of total PBDEs in *** exposed to 1,10,100,1000 ng/L were 11.0,128.1,412.1,1400.2 ng/g wet weight,*** that PBDEs burden of *** tadpoles was close to PBDEs levels in amphibians as reported in previous studies,our study has raised new concerns for thyroid disruption in amphibians of technical decaBDE at environmentally relevant concentrations.

关键词： decabromodiphenyl ether Xenopus laevis thyroid disruption metamorphosis thyroid hormone receptor

红枫湖流域表层沉积物中全氟化合物的污染特征

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环境科学研究 2015年第4期28卷 517-523页

作者：刘琰江秋枫韩梅赵兴茹郭睿中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室国家环境保护饮用水水源地保护重点实验室北京100012

PFCs（perfluorinated compounds,全氟化合物）因具有持久性、生物富集效应和毒性而受到环境科学领域的普遍关注.采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用仪（UPLC-MS/MS）并结合固相萃取的方法,对贵阳市主要饮用水水源地——红枫湖主要入湖支... 详细信息

PFCs（perfluorinated compounds,全氟化合物）因具有持久性、生物富集效应和毒性而受到环境科学领域的普遍关注.采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用仪（UPLC-MS/MS）并结合固相萃取的方法,对贵阳市主要饮用水水源地——红枫湖主要入湖支流及湖区表层沉积物中10种PFCs的质量分数进行了检测,分析了其污染水平、空间分布及组成特征.结果表明,各采样点w（∑PFCs）（10种PFCs的总质量分数）为0.27~1.65 ng/g,其中PFBA（全氟丁酸）、PFPe A（全氟戊酸）、PFOA（全氟辛酸）、PFBS（全氟丁烷磺酸）、PFOS（全氟辛烷磺酸）及PFHx A（全氟己酸）不仅检出率高,而且对各采样点w（∑PFCs）的贡献较大,是红枫湖表层沉积物中主要的PFCs;受湖区水文水动力条件及沉积物有机质的影响,北湖表层沉积物中w（∑PFCs）高于南湖,并且全湖w（∑PFCs）的最高值位于出湖口处,达到1.65 ng/g;红枫湖流域表层沉积物中的w（PFOA）和w（PFOS）分别为0.07~0.51和nd（未检出）~0.16 ng/g,与国内外其他流域相比处于较低水平;大气沉降可能是红枫湖流域PFCs的主要来源.

关键词：全氟化合物沉积物污染特征红枫湖流域

Bronchoscopic transparenchymal nodule access in the diagnosis and management of pulmonary nodules

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第13期136卷 1615-1617页

作者： Quncheng Zhang Xuan Wu Huizhen Yang Ya Sun Ziqi Wang Li Yang Nan Wei Yihua Zhang Yuanjian Yang xingru zhao Felix JF Herth Xiaoju Zhang Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Zhengzhou University People’s HospitalHenan Provincial People’s HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450003China Xinxiang Medical University XinxiangHenan 453003China Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Care Medicine Thoraxklinik and Translational Lung Research CenterUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelberg D-69126Germany

To the Editor:Transthoracic needle aspiration(TTNA)and bronchoscopy have been the preferred methods for the sampling of pulmonary nodules suspected of lung ***,despite having a higher diagnostic accuracy,TTNA has been associated with a high rate of ***,conventional bronchoscopy with a low rate of pneumothorax has exhibited a low diagnostic yield for peripheral pulmonary nodules,particularly for nodules<2 cm in size or those without a bronchus leading directly to ***,Herth et al[1]developed a novel bronchoscopy technique called bronchoscopic transparenchymal nodule access(BTPNA)under the guidance of Archimedes Virtual Bronchoscopic Navigation(VBN)System for the purpose of accessing pulmonary nodules using a transparenchymal approach without relying on the airway to approach the ***,we systematically reviewed evidence regarding BTPNA to provide general guidance on the safe implementation and development of this novel approach.

关键词： diagnosis needle trans