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Numerical Simulation of the Mass Movement Process of the 2018 Sedongpu Glacial Debris Flow by Using the Fluid-Solid Coupling Method

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 583-596页

作者： xing-yu Long yu-Xiang Hu Bin-Rui Gan Jia-Wen Zhou State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

In the context of global warming and intensified human activities,glacier instability in plateau regions has increased,and glacier debris flows have become active,which poses a significant threat to the lives and property of people and socioeconomic *** mass movement process of glacier debris flows is extremely complex,so this paper uses the 2018 Sedongpu glacier debris flow event on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example and applies a numerical simulation method to invert the whole process of mass *** view of the interaction between phases in the process of motion,we use the fluid-solid coupling method to describe the mass *** granular-flow model and drift-flux model are employed in FLOW3D software to study the mass movement process of glacier debris flows and explore their dynamic *** results indicate that the glacier debris flow lasted for 700 s,and the movement process was roughly divided into four stages,including initiation,scraping,surging and deposition;the depositional characteristics calculated by the fluid-solid coupling model are consistent with the actual survey results and have good reliability;strong erosion occurs during the mass movement,the clear volume amplification effect,and the first wave climbs 17.8 m across the *** fluid-solid coupling method can better simulate glacier debris flows in plateau regions,which is helpful for the study of the mechanism and dynamic characteristics of such disasters.

关键词： glacial debris flow Qinghai-Tibet Plateau fluid-solid coupling FLOW3D mass movement depositional characteristics disasters engineering geology

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Early embryonic failure caused by a novel mutation in the TUBB8 gene:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2092-2098页

作者： Xiao-yu Zhang xing-xing Zhang Lei Wang Department of Reproductive Center Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Healthcare HospitalZaozhuang 277000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the relationship between gene mutations and early embryonic development arrest and to provide more possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of repeated implantation *** SUMMARY Here,we collected and described the clinical data of a patient with early embryonic development stagnation after repeated in vitro fertilization attempts for primary infertility at the Department Reproductive Center of Zaozhuang Maternal and Child Healthcare *** also detected the whole-exon gene of the patient's spouse and parents,and conducted bioinformatics analysis to determine the pathogenesis of the *** A novel mutant of the TUBB8 gene[c.602G>T(p.C201F)]was identified,and this mutant provided new data on the genotype-phenotype relationships of related diseases.

关键词： Genes Mutation Embryonic development Fertilization in vitro Intracytoplasmic sperm injection Case report

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Superhydrophilic nickel hydroxide ultrathin nanosheets enable high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 138-147页

作者： Yi-Ran Wang Fei Zhang Jian-Min Gu Xiao-yu Zhao Ran Zhao xing Wang Tian-hui Wu Jing Wang Ji-Dong Wang De-Song Wang State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology(MMST) Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied ChemistryYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Suihua UniversitySuihua 152000China School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Sciences Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China

Superhydrophilic surfaces have been applied for supercapacitor;however,during energy storage reaction,how the wettability affects the process of electrochemical reaction specifically is still ***,we demonstrate superhydrophilic surface for promotion of electrochemical reactions by liquid affinity and further explain the mechanism,where the transition of the wettability state caused by the change in surface free energy is the main reason for the obvious increase in specific *** citric acid assistance strategy,an intrinsically hydrophobic Ni(OH)_(2)thick nanosheets(HNHTNs,16 nm)can be transitioned into superhydrophilic Ni(OH)_(2)ultrathin nanosheets(SNHUNs,6.8 nm),where the water contact angle was 0°and the surface free energy increased from 8.6to 65.8 mN·m^(-1),implying *** with HNHTNs,the specific capacitance of SNHUNs is doubled:from 1230 F·g^(-1)(HNHTNs)to 2350 F·g^(-1)(2A·g^(-1))and,even at 20 A·g^(-1),from 833 F·g^(-1)(HNHTNs)to 1670 F·g^(-1).The asymmetric capacitors assembled by SNHUNs and activated carbon show 52.44 Wh·kg^(-1)at 160W·kg^(-1)and excellent stability with~90%retention after5000 cycles(~80%retention after 9500 cycles).The promotion of electrochemical performances is ascribed to the change of surface wettability caused by surface free energy,which greatly increase affinity of electrode to the surrounding liquid environment to reduce the interface resistance and optimize the electron transport path.

关键词： Asymmetric supercapacitor Superhydrophilic interface Transition metal hydroxides Ultrathin nanosheets High specific capacitance

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Base editor-mediated large-scale screening of functional mutations in bacteria for industrial phenotypes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1051-1060页

作者： Yaomeng yuan Xihao Liao Shuang Li Xin-hui xing Chong Zhang MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis Institute of Biochemical EngineeringDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 440300China Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Base editing,the targeted introduction of point mutations into cellular DNA,holds promise for improving genome-scale functional genome screening to single-nucleotide *** efforts in prokaryotes,however,remain confined to loss-of-function screens using the premature stop codons-mediated gene inactivation library,which falls far short of fully releasing the potential of base ***,we developed a base editor-mediated functional single nucleotide variant screening pipeline in Escherichia *** constructed a library with 31,123 sgRNAs targeting 462 stress response-related genes in ***,and screened for adaptive mutations under isobutanol and furfural selective *** by the screening results,we successfully identified several known and novel functional *** pipeline might be expanded to the optimization of other phenotypes or the strain engineering in other microorganisms.

关键词： base editor high-throughput large-scale screening Escherichia coli functional mutation

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Tuning heterogeneous microstructures to enhance mechanical properties of nano-TiN particle reinforced Haynes 230 composites by laser powder bed fusion

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4548-4565页

作者： Wen-Jie Liu hui Li Qian-xing Yin He-Jun Du School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan University The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan University School of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University

Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF) is considered to be one of the most promising additive manufacturing technologies for producing components with geometries and high geometrical precision that are unattainable by traditional technologies. The superalloy exhibits exceptional mechanical and high-temperature performances,rendering it a prime candidate for advanced aero-engine applications. Despite the high demand for LPBF-manufactured superalloys, the superalloy is one of the materials manufactured difficultly by LPBF due to their large laser absorptivity fluctuation, poor molten pool stability and sharp temperature gradient. Hence, superalloys are characterized by severe pores, undesirable coarse columnar grains and poor mechanical properties. In this work, the effect of nano-Ti N particles on defects, molten pool characteristics and microstructure and performance of the composites were investigated. The 4.5 wt% Ti N/Haynes230 samples exhibited exceptional nanohardness and elastic modulus with maximum values reaching 5.53 GPa and 240.03 GPa, respectively. These superior mechanical properties were attributed to the combined effects of spatter and gas pore inhibition, grain refinement and duplex nanophases strengthening. Moreover, the stability of molten pool was enhanced, and spatter was effectively suppressed by adding nano-Ti N particles, while grain refinement and columnar to equiaxed transitions were promoted. Furthermore, the matrix exhibited a high dislocation density due to a significant hindrance of dislocation movement caused by massive nano-phases(e.g., Ti N and M23C6), resulting in the formation of extensive dislocation tangles and *** work offers novel insights into the role of nanoparticles reinforced superalloy composites by LPBF.

关键词： Composites Laser powder bed fusion Mechanical properties Microstructure Molten pool characteristics

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Mapping out the reaction network of humin formation at the initial stage of fructose dehydration in water

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第6期9卷 1016-1026页

作者： xing Fu Yexin Hu Ping Hu hui Li Shuguang Xu Liangfang Zhu Changwei Hu Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610064China State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan611137China

The formation of humins hampers the large-scale production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF)in ***,a detailed reaction network of humin formation at the initial stage of fructose-to-HMF dehydration in water is delineated by combined experimental,spectroscopic,and theoretical *** bimolecular reaction pathways to build up soluble humins are *** is,the intermolecular etherification of β-furanose at room temperature initiates the C12 path,whereas the C-C cleavage of a-furanose at 130-150℃ leads to C11 path,and that of open-chain fructose at 180℃ to C11' *** successive intramolecular dehydrations and condensations of the as-formed bimolecular intermediates lead to three types of soluble *** show that the C12 path could be restrained by using HCl or AlCl_(3) catalyst,and both the C12 and C110 paths could be effectively inhibited by adding THF as a co-solvent or accelerating heating rate via microwave heating.

关键词： Carbohydrates 5-hydroxymethylfurfural Reaction network Soluble humins Tautomer

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Critical Role of Ethylene-Propylene Block Copolymer in Impact Polypropylene Copolymer

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 344-351,I0007页

作者： yu-hui Tang Na Zhang Wei Bao Wei Jiang yuan Lin Zhao-hui Su State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Ethylene-propylene block copolymer(EbP) is a vital component in impact polypropylene copolymer(IPC), yet its distribution in the multiphase composite material and how it influences the phase structure and the mechanical properties are not well understood. In this work,four IPCs were investigated by atomic force microscopy-infrared(AFM-IR) to assess the phase compositions in situ, based on which in conjunction with the chain microstructure information obtained ex situ the distributions of the copolymer components were derived for each alloy. For the IPCs whose EbP comprises long P and long E segments, the EbP fraction was found to phase separate from the rubber and the PP matrix to form the cores of the disperse particles with the E-P segmented copolymer(EsP). In contrast, in the IPC with EbP composed of long P and short E segments, the EbP fraction formed an outer shell for the rubber particles with the cores comprising the EsP alone, and this IPC, containing a lower E comonomer content than its counterpart, exhibited both better impact resistance and higher flexural modulus. These results clarify how the chain structure of EbP governs the phase morphology in IPC, which in turn impacts the properties of the composite material.

关键词： Impact polypropylene copolymers AFM-IR Ethylene-propylene block copolymers Core-shell rubber particles

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Tumor microenvironment reprogramming by nanomedicine to enhance the effect of tumor immunotherapy

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第2期19卷 1-37页

作者： yu Huang hui Fan huihui Ti School of Chinese Materia Medica Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Province Precise Medicine Big Date of Traditional Chinese Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

With the rapid development of the fields of tumor biology and immunology, tumor immunotherapy has been used in clinical practice and has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential, particularly for treating tumors that do not respond to standard treatment options. Despite its advances, immunotherapy still has limitations, such as poor clinical response rates and differences in individual patient responses, largely because tumor tissues have strong immunosuppressive microenvironments. Many tumors have a tumor microenvironment (TME) that is characterized by hypoxia, low pH, and substantial numbers of immunosuppressive cells, and these are the main factors limiting the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. The TME is crucial to the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of tumors. Therefore, numerous studies have been devoted to improving the effects of immunotherapy by remodeling the TME. Effective regulation of the TME and reversal of immunosuppressive conditions are effective strategies for improving tumor immunotherapy. The use of multidrug combinations to improve the TME is an efficient way to enhance antitumor immune efficacy. However, the inability to effectively target drugs decreases therapeutic effects and causes toxic side effects. Nanodrug delivery carriers have the advantageous ability to enhance drug bioavailability and improve drug targeting. Importantly, they can also regulate the TME and deliver large or small therapeutic molecules to decrease the inhibitory effect of the TME on immune cells. Therefore, nanomedicine has great potential for reprogramming immunosuppressive microenvironments and represents a new immunotherapeutic strategy. Therefore, this article reviews strategies for improving the TME and summarizes research on synergistic nanomedicine approaches that enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.

关键词： Tumor immunotherapy Tumor micr oenvir onment Nanomedicine Tumor repr ogramming

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Quantum squeezing induced nonreciprocal phonon laser

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 20-30页

作者： Tian-Xiang Lu Yan Wang Keyu Xia xing Xiao Le-Man Kuang hui Jing College of Physics and Electronic Information Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002China College of Engineering and Applied Sciences National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructuresand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Phonon lasers or coherent amplifications of mechanical oscillations are powerful tools for fundamental studies on coherent acoustics and hold potential for diverse applications,ranging from ultrasensitive force sensing to phononic information ***,we propose the use of an optomechanical resonator coupled to a nonlinear optical resonator for directional phonon *** find that by pumping the nonlinear optical resonator,directional optical squeezing can occur along the pump *** a result,we can achieve the directional mechanical gain using directional optical squeezing,thereby leading to nonreciprocal phonon lasing with a well-tunable directional power *** work proposes a feasible way to build nonreciprocal phonon lasers with various nonlinear optical media,which are important for a wide range of applications,such as directional acoustic amplifiers,invisible sound sensing or imaging,and one-way phononic networks.

关键词： nonreciprocal phonon laser directional quantum squeezing optomechanics

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Short-term effects of cupping and scraping therapy for chronic nonspecific low-back pain:A prospective,multicenter randomized trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 39-45页

作者： Jun-yan He Xiao-yu Tu Zi-fei Yin hui Mu Ming-jun Luo xing-yu Chen Wei-bin Cai Xue Zhao Can Peng Fan-fu Fang Can Lü Bai Li School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiotherapy the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Training PLA 458 HospitalGuangzhou 510602Guangdong ProvinceChina No.3 Ward of Acupuncture Rehabilitation Department Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalGuangzhou 510095Guangdong ProvinceChina

Background As one of the most common musculoskeletal ailments,chronic nonspecific low-back pain(CNLBP)causes persistent disability and substantial medical *** evidence shows that the incidence rate of CNLBP in young and middle-aged people who are demanded rapidly recovery and social contribution is *** guidelines indicate a reduced role for medicines in the management of *** The present study investigates the short-term effects of cupping and scraping therapy using a medicated balm,compared to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID)with a capsaicin plaster,in the treatment of ***,setting,participants and interventions We designed a prospective multicenter randomized clinical trial enrolling patients from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022.A total of 156 patients with CNLBP were randomized into two parallel *** sodium-sustained release tablets were administered orally to participants in the control group for one week while a capsaicin plaster was applied *** in the test group were treated with cupping and scraping using a medical device and medicated *** outcome measures Primary outcome was pain recorded using the visual analogue scale(VAS).Two secondary outcomes were recorded using the Japanese Orthopedic Association low-back pain scale(JOA)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome integral scale(TCMS)as assessment *** Between baseline and postintervention,all changes in outcome metric scales were statistically significant(P<0.001).Compared to the control group,patients in the test group had a significantly greater treatment effect in all outcome variables,as indicated by lower VAS and TCMS scores and higher JOA scores,after the one-week intervention period(P<0.001).Further,according to the findings of multivariate linear regression analysis,the participants’pain(VAS score)was related to their marital status,age,smoking habits and body mass *** adverse r

关键词： Chronic nonspecific low-back pain Traditional Chinese medicine Cupping and scraping therapy

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