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The impacts of gradually terminating nonpharmaceutical interventions for SARS-CoV-2:A mathematical modelling analysis

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 401-411页

作者： Bin Wu Yuetian Yu xing lin Feng Medical Decision and Economic Group Department of PharmacyRen Ji HospitalSouth CampusSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200000China Department of Critical Care Medicine Ren Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200001China Department of Health Policy and Management School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

With the expansion of vaccination programs,the policy of terminating nonpharmaceutical interventions for preventing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic should become more *** current study investigated the clinical and economic outcomes of intervention policies combining nonpharmaceutical interventions and vaccination programs for dealing with the SARS-CoV-2 *** agent-based transmission model was adopted that describes how a SARS-CoV-2 virus spreads in the populations of *** model inputs were derived from the literature and expert *** following intervention policies were simulated:no intervention,strict nonpharmaceutical interventions,and nonpharmaceutical interventions for workplace,community,school and home gradually terminated by combining vaccination programs for specified age groups(vaccination age in years:20-60,20-70,20-80,≥20,≥10 and whole population).Cumulative infections and deaths in one calendar year,costs and quality-adjusted life years(QALYs)were *** the vaccination program was taken up in at least the≥20 years age group in all populations,nonpharmaceutical interventions for workplace and community settings could be gradually terminated because the cumulative number of infections was<100 per 100,000 *** ending nonpharmaceutical interventions in school and home settings could not meet the target even when the vaccination program had been taken up in all *** cumulative deaths were used as the endpoint,nonpharmaceutical interventions in workplace,community and school settings could be gradually *** efficacy and coverage have substantial *** nonpharmaceutical interventions in workplace settings could produce the lowest cost when vaccination programs are taken up at least in the≥10 years age group;this method dominates most intervention strategies due to its lower costs and higher *** to our findings,nonpharmaceutical interventions might be gradually terminated

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Nonpharmaceutical interventions Vaccination program Cumulative infections and deaths Economic outcomes

Paleoenvironmental reconstruction and organic matter accumulation of the paleogene shahejie oil shale in the Zhanhua Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1552-1568页

作者： Xiao-lin Wang Xiao-Min Zhu Jin Lai xing-Yue lin Xiang Wang Yu-Shan Du Chao Huang Yu-Rui Zhu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Shengli Oilfield SINOPEC

The controlling factors of organic-rich shale accumulation is essential for the exploration and development of shale oil and gas resources. The sedimentary environment plays a vital role in the formation of organic-rich sediments in lacustrine facies. This article unravels the mineralogy, geochemistry, and paleoenvironmental evolution during the deposition of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation(Es3L). It discusses the effects of paleoclimate, paleosalinity, paleoredox conditions, paleowater depth, and paleoproductivity on organic matter(OM) enrichment. Finally, the OM enrichment model was established. The results show that the mineralogical compositions are mainly composed of calcite(avg. 40.13%), quartz(avg. 21.64%) and clay minerals(avg. 24.07%), accompanied by dolomite(avg. 7.07%), feldspar(avg. 6.36%)and pyrite(avg. 2.95%). The Es3Lshale has a high abundance of OM, with total organic carbon(TOC)ranging from 1.07% to 5.12%. The organic matter type is mainly composed of type I-II1kerogen, which is generally considered a good-quality source rock. The source of OM is a mixture of lower bacteria, algae,and plants. During the early sedimentary period, the paleoclimate was dry and cold, with high salinity,intense reducibility, and relatively low productivity. During the late sedimentary period, the climate became warmer and more humid. As a result, the salinity decreased to a level that was suitable for biological reproduction, and productivity increased gradually due to the input of terrigenous *** and paleoclimate determined the environment of the sedimentary period, in addition,paleoproductivity and paleoredox condition indicated the formation and preservation conditions of *** warm and humid climate, brackish water, suitable reduction conditions and high productivity are the favorable conditions for the generation and preservation of organic matter. The research results may have implications for the genetic mechanisms of organic matter accumulation

关键词： Elemental geochemical Paleoenvironment Organic matter accumulation Paleogene shahejie formation Zhanhua Sag Bohai Bay Basin

Amplification effect of intra-seasonal variability of soil moisture on heat extremes over Eurasia

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 1-8页

作者： Yi-Nuo WANG Zhi-Yan ZUO Liang QIAO Kai-Wen ZHANG Mei-Yu CHANG Dong XIAO Zou-xing lin Huan WANG Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology Shanghai 200438China Key Laboratory of Cites Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change in Shanghai China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China Collaborative Innovation Centeron Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 211800China Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction Shanghai 200123China College of Geography and Resources Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary Shanghai 202183China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

Drying soil has been conducive to a high frequency of extreme high-temperature events over many regions worldwide in recent ***,changes in the intraseasonal variability of soil moisture can also influence the likelihood of extremely high *** previous investigators have examined the association between extremely high temperatures and large-scale atmospheric circulation variability,the role of land-atmosphere coupling dominated by soil moisture variability in extremely high temperatures,particularly over the Eurasian continent,is not well *** this study,on the basis of the Land Surface,Snow,and Soil Moisture Model Intercomparison Project,we found that land-atmosphere feedback amplified the variability of soil moisture in most regions of Eurasia during summer from 1980 to *** amplification of soil moisture variability is closely correlated with more intensive intraseasonal variability of surface air temperature and more frequent occurrences of extreme high-temperature events,particularly in Europe,Siberia,Northeast Asia,and the Indochina *** correlation implies that increasing the intraseasonal variability of soil moisture results in a high likelihood of heat extremes during summer in most parts of Eurasia except Asian desert *** the intraseasonal timescale,the land-atmosphere coupling increases the variability of surface sensible heat flux and net long-wave radiation heating the atmosphere by intensifying the soil moisture variability,thus amplifying the variability of surface air temperature and enhancing the extreme high-temperature *** finding demonstrates the importance of changes in intraseasonal soil moisture variability for the increasing likelihood of heat extremes in summer.

关键词： Soil moisture Intraseasonal variability Land-atmosphere coupling Heat extremes

Betulinic acid protects against ovarian impairment by decreasing F-2 toxin-induced oxidative stress and inflammation associated with the downregulation of p38 expression in mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1292-1302页

作者： Li Kong Xinyu Gao Lijuan Zhu xing lin You Huang Chunlin Huang Wenjiang Yang Yazhi Chen Haoqiang Zhao Jing Wu Zhihang Yuan Jin’e Yi Hunan Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry Health Care College of Veterinary MedicineHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China

F-2 toxin is an estrogenic mycotoxin that causes reproductive disorders in *** acid(BA)is a natural pentacyclic lupane-structure triterpenoid that has diverse pharmacological *** this study,the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of BA and its underlying mechanism are explored in F-2 toxin-triggered mouse ovarian *** found that BA alleviated the F-2 toxin-induced ovarian impairment by stimulating follicle growth,reducing inflammatory cell infiltration,repairing damaged mitochondria and endoplasmic ***,BA not only reversed F-2 toxin-induced reduction of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)and luteinizing hormone(LH)levels in the serum,but also restrained the protein expression of the estrogen receptors a(ERa)and ERβ.Moreover,BA restored the balance of F-2 toxin-induced ovarian redox system ***,we found that 0.25 mg/kg BA played an anti-inflammatory role in the F-2 toxin-induced ovarian impairment by decreasing interleukin-1β(IL-1β).IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)mRNA expression,as well as inhibiting p38 protein *** data demonstrated that BA exerts its protective effect on F-2 toxin-induced ovarian oxidative impairment and inflammation by inhibiting p38 expression,which implies a natural product-based medicine to ameliorate F-2 toxin-caused female reproductive toxicity and provides a detoxifying method for food contaminated by mycotoxin.

关键词： Betulinic acid F-2 toxin Ovarian damage p38 MAPK signaling pathway

Exploration of the complex origins of primary constipation

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第24期12卷 5476-5482页

作者： xing-lin Zeng Lian-Jun Zhu Xiang-Dong Yang School of Clinical Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610075Sichuan ProvinceChina Colorectal and Anal Surgery Chengdu Anorectal HospitalChengdu 610015Sichuan ProvinceChina

Constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by infrequentbowel movements and difficulty in passing *** can significantly affect anindividual's quality of life and overall *** the causes ofconstipation is important for its effective management and *** thispaper,we have reviewed the primary causes of constipation or functional *** constipation is a bowel disorder associated with colonic oranorectal sensorimotor or neuromuscular *** per the literature,it ismultifactorial and involves factors such as decreased interstitial cells of Cajal,altered colonic motility,enteric nervous system dysfunction,intestinal flora disturbances,and psychological *** symptoms include difficulty indefecation,decreased frequency of defecation,or a feeling of incomplete evacuation.A comprehensive evaluation and management of constipation require aninterdisciplinary approach incorporating dietary modifications,lifestyle changes,pharmacotherapy,and psychological *** research is imperativeto explain the intricate mechanisms underlying constipation and develop targetedtherapies for improved patient outcomes.

关键词： Primary constipation Pathogenesis factors Treatment

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超滤系统在高难废水处理中的应用及污染控制

现代化工 2024年第8期44卷 224-227页

作者：林兴核工业第八研究所上海201800

某焦化废水处理站处理规模为150 m^(3)/d,废水成分复杂、色度高,含有大量难降解及有毒有害物质,如酚类、苯系物等。针对工艺出水水质不稳定的问题,以超滤系统为核心,对原有废水处理工艺进行了工艺升级。结果表明,超滤膜系统可作为回用... 详细信息

某焦化废水处理站处理规模为150 m^(3)/d,废水成分复杂、色度高,含有大量难降解及有毒有害物质,如酚类、苯系物等。针对工艺出水水质不稳定的问题,以超滤系统为核心,对原有废水处理工艺进行了工艺升级。结果表明,超滤膜系统可作为回用工艺中反渗透系统的预处理工艺稳定运行,出水SS稳定低于5 mg/L,出水浊度稳定低于0.5 NTU。在设计水量下,通过周期性的维护性清洗,系统运行稳定。当处理量超过设计水量连续运行时,膜污染加剧,跨膜压差急剧上升至-55 kPa,周期性维护性清洗丧失作用。取膜丝切片在扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下观察,发现中空纤维膜表面形成了连续致密的污染层,过流孔道完全被覆盖,表明膜丝已严重污染。采用预酸洗-碱洗-酸洗的混合清洗方式,跨膜压差恢复至初始运行状态。项目的改造及运行维护为超滤系统在高难废水处理中的应用以及膜污染的控制提供参考。

关键词：高难废水超滤系统膜污染控制清洗维护

EEG光子处理器——基于衍射光子计算单元的癫痫发作检测

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 56-66页

作者： Tao Yan Maoqi Zhang Hang Chen Sen Wan Kaifeng Shang Haiou Zhang Xun Cao xing lin Qionghai Dai Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Electroencephalography(EEG)analysis extracts critical information from brain signals,enabling brain disease diagnosis and providing fundamental support for brain–computer ***,performing an artificial intelligence analysis of EEG signals with high energy efficiency poses significant challenges for electronic processors on edge computing devices,especially with large neural network ***,we propose an EEG opto-processor based on diffractive photonic computing units(DPUs)to process extracranial and intracranial EEG signals effectively and to detect epileptic *** signals of the EEG channels within a second-time window are optically encoded as inputs to the constructed diffractive neural networks for classification,which monitors the brain state to identify symptoms of an epileptic *** developed both free-space and integrated DPUs as edge computing systems and demonstrated their applications for real-time epileptic seizure detection using benchmark datasets,that is,the Children’s Hospital Boston(CHB)–Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)extracranial and Epilepsy-iEEG-Multicenter intracranial EEG datasets,with excellent computing performance *** with the channel selection mechanism,both numerical evaluations and experimental results validated the sufficiently high classification accuracies of the proposed opto-processors for supervising clinical *** study opens a new research direction for utilizing photonic computing techniques to process large-scale EEG signals and promote broader applications.

关键词： Epileptic seizure detection EEG analysis Diffractive photonic computing unit Photonic computing

医保支付与医生薪酬的激励转化机制研究——DRG付费下的实验研究证据

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中国卫生政策研究 2024年第7期17卷 8-17页

作者：李星林兴刘文婷韩优莉首都医科大学公共卫生学院北京100069

目的:探究与DRG支付方式改革相适应的医生薪酬激励设计,为优化医保支付方式改革相关政策提供参考依据。方法:利用经济学实验,设计七种将DRG支付激励转化为薪酬激励的医生薪酬支付方式,招募210名医学生和65名医生作为被试人员,测试其在... 详细信息

目的:探究与DRG支付方式改革相适应的医生薪酬激励设计,为优化医保支付方式改革相关政策提供参考依据。方法:利用经济学实验,设计七种将DRG支付激励转化为薪酬激励的医生薪酬支付方式,招募210名医学生和65名医生作为被试人员,测试其在不同薪酬激励下为患者提供的医疗服务数量及相应患者健康效益。结果:向医生反馈DRG支付情况或将DRG支付结余与医生绩效工资挂钩均会将支付方式的激励传导给服务提供者,在此基础上,引入以质量为基础的按绩效支付,被试者提供的服务量与最优服务量之间的差值减小,患者健康效益损失比也降低。结论:在将DRG支付激励传导给服务提供者时,与以质量为基础的按绩效支付相结合的医生薪酬设计更有利于提高患者健康效益。

关键词：医保支付方式按疾病诊断相关分组付费医生行为实验研究

小型巷道连续式采煤机虚拟样机构建与仿真研究

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煤 2024年第7期33卷 97-99页

作者：林兴山西煤炭运销集团三元微子镇煤业有限公司山西长治046000

文章介绍了一种适用于小型巷道连续式采煤机的虚拟样机仿真分析方法。由于采煤机整体结构较为复杂,所以研究中将以采煤机采扒装置为例,通过虚拟样机技术实现受力仿真,进而根据分析结果确认采扒装置各液压缸受力变化情况。同时,为进一步... 详细信息

文章介绍了一种适用于小型巷道连续式采煤机的虚拟样机仿真分析方法。由于采煤机整体结构较为复杂,所以研究中将以采煤机采扒装置为例,通过虚拟样机技术实现受力仿真,进而根据分析结果确认采扒装置各液压缸受力变化情况。同时,为进一步确认仿真分析方法的应用效果,还会将研究方法应用于工程实践。

关键词：采煤机虚拟样机仿真分析采扒装置