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Upregulation of cadherin-11 contributes to cholestatic liver fibrosis

Pediatric Investigation 2022年第2期6卷 100-110页

作者： Bo Wu Xinbei Tian Weipeng Wang Jing Zhu Ying Lu Jun Du Yongtao Xiao Department of Pediatric Surgery Xin Hua HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Shanghai Institute of Pediatric ResearchShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition ShanghaiChina

Importance:Cadherin-11(CDH11),a cell-to-cell adhesion molecule,is implicated in the fibrotic process of several organs.Biliary atresia(BA)is a common cholestatic liver disease featuring cholestasis and progressive liver fibrosis in children.Cholestatic liver fibrosis may progress to liver cirrhosis and lacks effective therapeutic strategies.Currently,the role of CDH11 in cholestatic liver fibrosis remains unclear.Objective:This study aimed to explore the functions of CDH11 in cholestatic liver fibrosis.Methods:The expression ofCDH11 in BA livers was evaluated by database analysis and immunostaining.Seven BA liver samples were used for immunostaining.The wild type(Wt)andCDH11 knockout(CDH11^(-/-))mice were subjected to bile duct ligation(BDL)to induce cholestatic liver fibrosis.The serum biochemical analysis,liver histology,and western blotting were used to assess the extent of liver injury and fibrosis as well as activation of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad pathway.The effect of CDH11 on the activation of hepatic stellate cell line LX-2 cells was investigated.Results:Analysis of public RNA-seq datasets showed thatCDH11 expression levels were significantly increased in livers of BA,and CDH11 was correlated with liver fibrosis in BA.BDL-induced liver injury and liver fibrosis were attenuated inCDH11^(-/-)mice compared to Wt mice.The protein expression levels of phosphorylated Smad2/3 were decreased in livers ofCDH11^(-/-)BDL mice compared to Wt BDL mice.CDH11 knockdown inhibited the activation of LX-2 cells.Interpretation:CDH11 plays an important role in cholestatic liver fibrosis and may represent a potential therapeutic target for cholestatic liver disease,such as BA.

关键词： Cadherin-11 Biliary atresia Cholestatic liver fibrosis TGF-β/Smad

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钙黏蛋白-11在胆道闭锁患儿肝组织中的表达及意义

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临床儿科杂志 2022年第2期40卷 134-138页

作者：吴博田心蓓卢颖杜君肖永陶上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院上海市儿科医学研究所上海市小儿消化与营养重点实验室上海200092

目的分析钙黏蛋白-11(cadherin-11,CDH11)在胆道闭锁(biliary atresia,BA)患儿肝组织内的表达及意义。方法选取2014年11月至2016年12月就诊的BA和胆总管囊肿(CC)患儿作为研究对象。分析患儿肝脏CDH11与肝纤维化标志基因和血清肝功能指... 详细信息

目的分析钙黏蛋白-11(cadherin-11,CDH11)在胆道闭锁(biliary atresia,BA)患儿肝组织内的表达及意义。方法选取2014年11月至2016年12月就诊的BA和胆总管囊肿(CC)患儿作为研究对象。分析患儿肝脏CDH11与肝纤维化标志基因和血清肝功能指标的相关性。结果BA组50例,女25例、男25例,中位年龄59.5(46.8~71.8)天;CC组8例,女5例、男3例,中位年龄70.0(49.0~125.3)天。BA组患儿肝脏中CDH11 mRNA表达水平显著高于CC组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。BA肝内CDH11 mRNA表达水平与转化生长因子β1(TGFB1)、转化生长因子β2(TGFB2)、角蛋白19(KRT19)、肌动蛋白α2(ACTA2)、Ⅰ型胶原α1链(COL1A1)和Ⅳ型胶原α1链(COL4A1)mRNA表达水平呈显著正相关(r=0.36~0.73,P均<0.01)。与轻度肝纤维化BA患儿相比,CDH11表达水平在重度肝纤维化BA患儿肝内显著升高(P<0.01)。BA肝内CDH11 mRNA表达水平与血清γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)、总胆红素(TBil)、直接胆红素(DBil)和胆汁酸(TBA)水平呈正相关(r=0.26~0.37,P均<0.05)。结论与CC患儿相比,CDH11在BA患儿肝组织中表达水平显著升高。BA肝内CDH11表达水平与肝纤维化进程和肝脏损伤程度密切相关。

关键词：胆道闭锁钙黏蛋白-11 肝纤维化肝损伤

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新生巴马小猪全肠外营养模型的建立及肠屏障功能研究

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中华临床营养杂志 2020年第4期28卷 238-244页

作者：刘洋肖永陶陈珊珊田心蓓王伟鹏邬文杰张天王莹蔡威上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院小儿消化营养科 200092 上海市小儿消化与营养重点实验室 200092 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院小儿外科 200092

目的为更好模拟儿科肠外营养相关并发症,拟用新生巴马小猪建立肠内及肠外营养相关模型。方法新生巴马小猪18只,分为肠内营养(enteral nutrition,EN)组和全肠外营养(total parenteral nutrition,TPN)组。EN组包括喂养1周(EN-1W,n=3)和喂... 详细信息

目的为更好模拟儿科肠外营养相关并发症,拟用新生巴马小猪建立肠内及肠外营养相关模型。方法新生巴马小猪18只,分为肠内营养(enteral nutrition,EN)组和全肠外营养(total parenteral nutrition,TPN)组。EN组包括喂养1周(EN-1W,n=3)和喂养2周(EN-2W,n=3)小猪;TPN组包括肠外营养支持1周(TPN-1W,n=6)和肠外营养支持2周(TPN-2W,n=6)小猪。观察记录小猪体重和组织形态学;检测分析肝功能和肠屏障功能。结果造模期间TPN小猪全部存活,TPN-2W小猪肠外营养相关并发症较TPN-1W更明显。与EN-2W组对照相比,TPN-2W小猪的体重下降明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。TPN-2W小猪血清中的总胆红素、直接胆红素及胆汁酸含量明显高于EN-2W组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肝脏形态学显示,TPN小猪肝脏门脉区有炎症细胞浸润并伴有肝细胞轻度脂肪变。与EN-2W组对照相比,TPN-2W小猪回肠绒毛萎缩变形、绒毛长度明显变短(P<0.05)、隐窝深度变浅(P<0.01),其肠通透性明显增加(P<0.05)。结论建立新生巴马小猪的TPN模型,模拟了婴幼儿肠外营养相关肝损害及肠屏障损伤等并发症,为研究儿科肠外营养相关并发症的发病机制提供了较好的动物模型。

关键词：全肠外营养小猪动物模型肠外营养相关肝损害

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A Low-Complexity Key-Recovery Attack on 6-Round Midori64

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系统科学与复杂性学报:英文版 2023年第4期36卷 1738-1756页

作者： XIE Xiaofeng tian tian Information Engineering University Zhengzhou 450001China

In EUROCRYPT 2017,a new structure-difference property,say“a-multiple-of-8”was proposed on 5-round AES.Inspired by the idea,yoyo attacks and mixture differential attacks were proposed yielding new records on data and computational complexities for key-recovery attacks against 5-round AES.In this paper,the authors attempt to apply the idea of mixture differential cryptanalysis to Midori64.Midori is a lightweight block cipher proposed at ASIACRYPT 2015.Although the structure of Midori is similar to AES,the MixColumn matrix of Midori is not MDS.Based on this observation,the authors present a class of deterministic differential trails on 2-round Midori.Then combined with the yoyo trick,a new type of 4-round retracing boomerang distinguishers is obtained on Midori.Based on the new 4-round distinguishers,a key-recovery attack on 6-round Midori64 is given that requires only 2^(27)computational complexity,2^(29)chosen plaintexts,2^(20)adaptively chosen ciphertexts.The key-recovery attack has been experimentally verified.

关键词： Boomerang attack Midori mixture differential attack yoyo attack

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敲除巨噬细胞对胆管结扎小鼠胆汁淤积的干预作用

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临床儿科杂志 2021年第7期39卷 520-524页

作者：田心蓓陈珊珊王伟鹏吴博朱景周莹肖永陶上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院上海市儿科医学研究所上海市小儿消化与营养重点实验室上海200092

目的探讨巨噬细胞对胆汁酸代谢的影响。方法以结扎7周龄雄性CD11 b-DTR小鼠胆总管方法建立胆汁淤积模型,2周后测定肝脏及结肠内容物中胆汁酸谱及肠道菌群组成。将28只小鼠分为假手术(Sham)组、假手术干预(DT)组、胆管结扎(BDL)组、胆管... 详细信息

目的探讨巨噬细胞对胆汁酸代谢的影响。方法以结扎7周龄雄性CD11 b-DTR小鼠胆总管方法建立胆汁淤积模型,2周后测定肝脏及结肠内容物中胆汁酸谱及肠道菌群组成。将28只小鼠分为假手术(Sham)组、假手术干预(DT)组、胆管结扎(BDL)组、胆管结扎干预(BDL+DT)组。结果与Sham组相比,BDL组肝脏中初级胆汁酸及总胆汁酸含量均显著增加,BDL+DT组肝脏中非结合初级胆汁酸及总胆汁酸含量则较BDL组明显减少,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。在结肠内容物中,BDL+DT组较BDL组结合初级胆汁酸含量降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。BDL+DT组肝内胆汁酸合成关键酶cyp7a1表达量较BDL组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与Sham组相比,BDL组肠道Prevotella的属水平相对丰度增加,而BDL+DT组Escherichia、Clostridium和Segmented filamentous bacteria(SFB)较BDL组属水平相对丰度增加,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论巨噬细胞条件性敲除可通过改变肠道菌群结构干预胆汁淤积。

关键词：巨噬细胞胆汁酸肠道菌群胆道闭锁小鼠

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A New Method for Searching Cubes and Its Application to 815-Round Trivium

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2023年第5期36卷 2234-2254页

作者： LIU Chen tian tian QI Wenfeng PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University Zhengzhou 450001China

The cube attack proposed by Dinur and Shamir is one of the most important key-recovery attacks against Trivium.Recently division property based cube attacks have been extensively studied and significantly improved.In particular,the MILP modeling technique for the three-subset division property without unknown subset proposed by Hao,et al.at EUROCRYPT 2020 and the new technique with nested monomial predictions proposed by Hu,et al.at ASIACRYPT 2021 are best techniques to recover exact superpolies in division property based cube attacks.Consequently,at this state of the art,whether a superpoly can be recovered in division property based cube attacks is mainly decided by the scale of the superpoly,that is,the number of terms.Hence the choice for proper cubes corresponding to low-complexity superpolies is more critical now.Some effective cube construction methods were proposed for experimental cube attacks,but not applicable to division property based cube attacks.In this paper,the authors propose a heuristic cube criterion and a cube sieve algorithm,which can be combined with the three-subset division property to recover a number of superpolies.Applied to815-round Trivium,the authors recovered 417 superpolies from 441 cubes obtained by our algorithm of sizes between 41 and 48.The success rate is 94.56%.There are 165 non-constant superpolies with degree less than 14.In order to demonstrate the significance of the new algorithm,the authors tested the best superpoly recovery technique at EUROCRYPT 2020 using random cubes of similar sizes on 815-round Trivium.The experimental result shows that no cube could be completely recovered within a given period of time because the superpolies for random cubes are too complex.

关键词： Cube attacks division property key-recovery attacks trivium

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Direct observation of spreading precursor liquids in a corner

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 196-202页

作者： Weining Miao Shihao tian Quanzi Yuan Ye tian Lei Jiang Key Laboratory of Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Precursor liquid is a nanoscale liquid creeping ahead of the macroscopic edge of spreading liquids,whose behaviors tightly correlate with the three-phase reaction efficiency and patterning accuracy.However,the important spatial-temporal characteristic of the precursor liquid still remains obscure because its real-time spreading process has not been directly observed.Here,we report that the spreading ionic liquid precursors in a silicon corner can be directly captured on video using in situ scanning electron microscopy.In situ spreading videos show that the precursor liquid spreads linearly over time(ΔL～ΔT) rather than obeying the classic Lucas-Washburn law(l～t1/2) and possesses a characteristic width of ～250-310 nm.Theoretical analyses and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the unique behaviors of precursor liquids originate from the competing effect of van der Waals force and surface energy.These findings provide avenues for directly observing liquid/solid interfacial phenomena on a microscopic level.

关键词： precursor liquid spreading spatial–temporal characteristic direct observation corner ionic liquids

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Vibration induced transparency:Simulating an optomechanical system via the cavity QED setup with a movable atom

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Fundamental Research 2023年第1期3卷 50-56页

作者： Mingzhu Weng tian tian Zhihai Wang Center for Quantum Sciences and School of Physics Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China School of Science Changchun UniversityChangchun 130022China

We simulate an optomechanical system via a cavity QED scenario with a movable atom and investigate its application in the tiny mass sensing.We find that the steady-state solution of the system exhibits a multiple stability behavior,which is similar to that in the optomechanical system.We explain this phenomenon by the opto-mechanical interaction term in the effective Hamiltonian.Due to the dressed states formed by the effective coupling between the vibration degree of the atom and the optical mode in the cavity,we observe a narrow transparent window in the output field.We utilize this vibration induced transparency phenomenon to perform the tiny mass sensing.We hope our study will broaden the application of the cavity QED system to quantum technologies.

关键词： Cavity QED Movable atom Opto-mechanical type interaction Vibration induced transparency Mass sensing

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The“harmful algae and algal toxins in coastal waters of China:investigation and database”project

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第6期40卷 2081-2093页

作者： tian YAN CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The“harmful algae and algal toxins in coastal waters of China:investigation and database”project(HAATC)is funded(US$2.3 million)by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China for 60 months starting on the 1st Jan 2019.Since the 1990s,national projects and other related work have greatly improved harmful algal bloom(HAB)research in China.However,the existing research on HABs is often limited to specific sea areas or specific algal bloom disasters,which is insufficient for understanding the long-term evolution of HAB occurrence under the influence of intensified human activity and global change.The HAATC project intends to determine the overall distribution of marine harmful microalgae and macroalgae,and marine algal toxins(in phytoplankton and shellfish)through a large-scale investigation in the coastal waters of China and continuous investigation in key sea areas.It also aims to observe biotic and abiotic processes during harmful red tides and green tides,and establish an open database and query platform of HABs in China.The research consortium,led by chief scientist Prof.tian YAN,includes approximately 100 scientists and students.More than 2 years of work have shown the increased distribution of HAB species(including cysts)and algal toxins in China’s coastal waters,the increased occurrence of macroalgae blooms(mainly by Ulva prolifera and Sargassum horneri)in the Southern Yellow Sea,increased amount of causative species being identified due to the use of molecular technologies in taxonomy,and new records of algal toxins such as azaspiracid,cycloimines and neurotoxinsβ-N-methylamino-l-alanine have been detected,which complicates the research in algal toxins and toxicology.Eventually,the project will provide systematic basic data and techniques for the rapid and accurate identification of harmful algae species to support the research,monitoring,and control of harmful algal blooms,as well as seafood safety management in China.

关键词： harmful algae algal toxins coastal waters of China database

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Numerical simulation for 2D double-diffusive convection(DDC) in rectangular enclosures based on a high resolution upwind compact streamfunction model Ⅰ: numerical method and code validation

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第9期43卷 1431-1448页

作者： Yaping YAN Shuang WU Kaiyuan tian Zhenfu tian Institute of Mechanics and Computational Engineering Department of Aeronautics and AstronauticsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China College of Science Liaoning Technical UniversityFuxin 123000Liaoning ProvinceChina Research Institute of Intelligent Complex Systems Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Life Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

A high resolution upwind compact streamfunction numerical algorithm for two-dimensional(2D)double-diffusive convection(DDC)is developed.The unsteady Navier-Stokes(N-S)equations in the streamfunction-velocity form and the scalar temperature and concentration equations are used.An optimized third-order upwind compact(UCD3 opt)scheme with a low dispersion error for the first derivatives is utilized to approximate the third derivatives of the streamfunction in the advection terms of the N-S equations and the first derivatives in the advection terms of the scalar temperature and concentration equations.The remaining first derivatives of the streamfunction(velocity),temperature,and concentration variables used in the governing equations are discretized by the fourth-order compact Pade(SCD4)schemes.With the temperature and concentration variables and their approximate values of the first derivatives obtained by the SCD4 schemes,the explicit fourth-order compact schemes are suggested to approximate the second derivatives of temperature and concentration in the diffusion terms of the energy and concentration equations.The discretization of the temporal term is executed with the second-order Crank-Nicolson(C-N)scheme.To assess the spatial behavior capability of the established numerical algorithm and verify the developed computer code,the DDC flow is numerically solved.The obtained results agree well with the benchmark solutions and some accurate results available in the literature,verifying the accuracy,effectiveness,and robustness of the provided algorithm.Finally,a preliminary application of the proposed method to the DDC is carried out.

关键词： double diffusive convection(DDC) high resolution heat and mass transfer upwind compact difference streamfunction formulation

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