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Dissipation-Driven Superradiant Phase Transition of a Two-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Double Cavity

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第6期41卷 44-48页

作者： Bo-Hao Wu xin-xin yang Yu Chen wei Zhang Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing 100193China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

We study superradiant phase transitions in a hybrid system of a two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate of atoms and two cavities arranged with a tilt angle.By adjusting the loss rate of cavities,we map out the phase diagram of steady states within a mean field framework.It is found that when the loss rates of the two cavities are different,superradiant transitions may not occur at the same time in the two cavities.A first-order phase transition is observed between the states with only one cavity in superradiance and both in superradiance.In the case that both cavities are superradiant,a net photon current is observed flowing from the cavity with small decay rate to the one with large decay rate.The photon current shows a non-monotonic dependence on the loss rate difference,owing to the competition of photon number difference and cavity field phase difference.Our findings can be realized and detected in experiments.

关键词： Einstein transitions decay

Dual-targeting AAV9P1-mediated neuronal reprogramming in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 629-635页

作者： Jingzhou Liu xin xin Jiejie Sun Yueyue Fan Xun Zhou wei Gong Meiyan yang Zhiping Li Yuli Wang yang yang Chunsheng Gao State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyBeijingChina Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Medical CollegeTianjin UniversityTianjinChina

Traumatic brain injury results in neuronal loss and glial scar formation.Replenishing neurons and eliminating the consequences of glial scar formation are essential for treating traumatic brain injury.Neuronal reprogramming is a promising strategy to convert glial scars to neural tissue.However,previous studies have reported inconsistent results.In this study,an AAV9P1 vector incorporating an astrocyte-targeting P1 peptide and glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter was used to achieve dual-targeting of astrocytes and the glial scar while minimizing off-target effects.The results demonstrate that AAV9P1 provides high selectivity of astrocytes and reactive astrocytes.Moreover,neuronal reprogramming was induced by downregulating the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 gene via systemic administration of AAV9P1 in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.In summary,this approach provides an improved gene delivery vehicle to study neuronal programming and evidence of its applications for traumatic brain injury.

关键词： AAV9P1 astrocytes astrocyte-to-neuron conversion GFAP promoter glial scar induced neurons neuronal reprogramming P1 peptide PTBP1 traumatic brain injury

Active MoS_(2)-based electrode for green ammonia synthesis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 268-275页

作者： xin Liu Lei yang Tao wei Shanping Liu Beibei Xiao School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR-5253Universite de MontpellierCNRSENSCMPlace E.Bataillon34095 Montpellier Cedex 05France

Nitrogen electro-reduction under mild conditions is one promising alternative approach of the energyconsuming Haber-Bosch process for the artificial ammonia synthesis.One critical aspect to unlocking this technology is to discover the catalysts with high selectivity and efficiency.In this work,the N_(2)-to-NH_(3)conversion on the functional MoS_(2)is fully investigated by density functional theory calculations since the layered MoS_(2)provides the ideal platform for the elaborating copies of the nitrogenase found in nature,wherein the functionalization is achieved via basal-adsorption,basal-substitution or edge-substitution of transition metal elements.Our results reveal that the edge-functionalization is a feasible strategy for the activity promotion;however,the basal-adsorption and basal-substitution separately suffer from the electrochemical instability and the NRR inefficiency.Specifically,MoS_(2)functionalized via edge W-substitution exhibits an exceptional activity.The energetically favored reaction pathway is through the distal pathway and a limiting potential is less than 0.20 V.Overall,this work escalates the rational design of the high-effective catalysts for nitrogen fixation and provides the explanation why the predicated catalyst have a good performance,paving the guidance for the experiments.

关键词： Nitrogen reduction reaction Density functional theory calculations Molybdenum disulfide Electrochemistry Catalyst Thermodynamics

Rotating Massive Strangeon Stars and X-Ray Plateau of Short GRBs

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 47-57页

作者： Xi-Yan yang Xiao-Yu Lai wei-wei Tan Ren-xin Xu School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434023China Research Center for Astronomy Hubei University of EducationWuhan 4300205China Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics Central China Normal UniversityMinistry of EducationWuhan 430079China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Strangeon stars,which are proposed to describe the nature of pulsar-like compact stars,have passed various observational tests.The maximum mass of a non-rotating strangeon star could be high,which implies that the remnants of binary strangeon star mergers could even be long-lived massive strangeon stars.We study rigidly rotating strangeon stars in the slowly rotating approximation,using the Lennard-Jones model for the equation of state.Rotation can significantly increase the maximum mass of strangeon stars with unchanged baryon numbers,enlarging the mass-range of long-lived strangeon stars.During spin-down after merger,the decrease of radius of the remnant will lead to the release of gravitational energy.Taking into account the efficiency of converting the gravitational energy luminosity to the observed X-ray luminosity,we find that the gravitational energy could provide an alternative energy source for the plateau emission of X-ray afterglow.The fitting results of X-ray plateau emission of some short gamma-ray bursts suggest that the magnetic dipole field strength of the remnants can be much smaller than that of expected when the plateau emission is powered only by spin-down luminosity of magnetars.

关键词： dense matter-(stars) pulsars general-(stars) gamma-ray burst general

Let-7i-5p maintains the stemness via R-spondin2/Wnt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 20-23页

作者： Qinghua wei Xueshan Dai Jiahui wei Wenwei Sun Xiaoqian yang Yuxin Zhang xin Guo Yi Chen College of Pharmaceutical Sciences&Chinese Medicine Southwest UniversityChongqing 400716China Center for Basic Medical Research TEDA International Cardiovascular HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300457China Chongqing Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening from Traditional Chinese Medicine Chongqing 400716China pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica-the Key Discipline Constructed by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chongqing 400716China Division of Cell Developmental and Integrative BiologySchool of MedicineSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong 510006China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Pharmacy Education(Southwest University) Chongqing 400716China Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization(Ministry of Education) College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese MedicineSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China

Cancer stem cells(CSCs)are related to tumorigenesis,recurrence,metastasis,and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).1 Let-7i is a noncoding small RNA,belonging to the famous miRNA let-7 family.Recently,let-... 详细信息

关键词： hepatocellular Cancer metastasis

Micro-sized nanoaggregates:Spray-drying-assisted fabrication and applications

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 22-48页

作者： Dan-Lei yang Rong-Kun Liu Yan wei Qian Sun Jie-xin Wang School of Life Sciences and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu Second Normal UniversityNanjing210013China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China

The applications of nanoparticles suffer from their extremely small size and intrinsic trend of agglom-eration.Rearranging nanoparticles to form micro-sized nanoaggregates(MNAs)with increased size,ordered structure,as well as controllable size,shape,and morphology is a crucial step in various fields of science and technology to maintain the unique characteristics of nanoparticles while obtaining greatly enhanced or new performance at the microscale.The structure of MNAs prominently affects their functionality,which is determined by the arrangement of nanoparticles and the interaction between primary particles.Several methods have been proposed to prepare the MNAs,in which spray-drying technology stands out considering the feasibility,scalability for industry,cost,and efficiency.Forced assembly of nanoparticles through spray-drying under tunable process parameters yields diverse physical properties and structural arrangements of nanoparticles of the MNAs,they therefore exhibit enormous potential in a wide range of application fields.This review presents the construction and applications of spray-dried MNAs.The factors that influence the size,morphology,and structure of the MNAs are discussed in detail.In addition,the outstanding application performance resulting from the tightly packed nanoparticles in regular-shaped MNAs obtained by the spray-drying process is illustrated.

关键词： Spray-drying Micro-sized nanoaggregates Applications

Plasma Metabonomics of Human Adenovirus-infected Patients with Pneumonia and Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 121-133页

作者： Ting-ting wei Wen XU Bo TU Wan-xue ZHANG xin-xin yang Yiguo ZHOU Shan-shan ZHANG Jun-lian yang Ming-zhu XIE Juan DU wei-wei CHEN Qing-bin LU Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Infectious Disease The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing 100039China Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology&Vaccine Research Center School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Health Policy and Management School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research&Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100191China

Objective Human adenovirus(HAdV)infection is common and can develop to serious conditions with high mortality,yet the mechanism of HAdV infection remains unclear.In the present study,the serum metabolite profiles of HAdV-7-infected patients with pneumonia or upper respiratory tract infection(URTI)were explored.Methods In total,35 patients were enrolled in the study following an outbreak of HAdV-7 in the army,of whom 14 had pneumonia and 21 had URTI.Blood samples were collected at the acute stage and at the recovery stage and were analyzed by untargeted metabolomics.Results Over 90% of the differential metabolites identified between the pneumonia patients and URTI patients were lipids and lipid-like molecules,including glycerophospholipids,fatty acyls,and sphingolipids.The metabolic pathways that were significantly enriched were primarily the lipid metabolism pathways,including sphingolipid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and linoleic acid metabolism.The sphingolipid metabolism was identified as a significantly differential pathway between the pneumonia patients and URTI patients and between the acute and recovery stages for the pneumonia patients,but not between the acute and recovery stages for the URTI patients.Ceramide and lactosylceramide,involved in sphingolipid metabolism,were significantly higher in the pneumonia patients than in the URTI patients with good discrimination abilities[area under curve(AUC)0.742 and 0.716,respectively;combination AUC 0.801].Conclusion Our results suggested that HAdV modulated lipid metabolism for both the patients with URTI and pneumonia,especially the sphingolipid metabolism involving ceramide and lactosylceramide,which might thus be a potential intervention target in the treatment of HAdV infection.

关键词： human adenovirus metabonomic lipids pneumonia upper respiratory tract infection

Drug repurposing screening and mechanism analysis based on human colorectal cancer organoids

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Protein & Cell 2024年第4期15卷 285-304页

作者： Yunuo Mao wei Wang Jingwei yang xin Zhou Yongqu Lu Junpeng Gao Xiao Wang Lu Wen wei Fu Fuchou Tang School of Life Sciences Biomedical Pioneering Innovation CenterDepartment of General SurgeryThird HospitalPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics(ICG) Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and DifferentiationBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center Beijing 100871China The Research Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine School of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a highly heterogeneous cancer and exploring novel therapeutic options is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed.Here,we established human CRC tumor-derived organoids that well represent both morphological and molecular heterogeneities of original tumors.To efficiently identify repurposed drugs for CRC,we developed a robust organoid-based drug screening system.By combining the repurposed drug library and computation-based drug prediction,335 drugs were tested and 34 drugs with anti-CRC effects were identified.More importantly,we conducted a detailed transcriptome analysis of drug responses and divided the drug response signatures into five representative patterns:differentiation induction,growth inhibition,metabolism inhibition,immune response promotion,and cell cycle inhibition.The anticancer activities of drug candidates were further validated in the established patient-derived organoids-based xenograft(PDOX)system in vivo.We found that fedratinib,trametinib,and bortezomib exhibited effective anticancer effects.Furthermore,the concordance and discordance of drug response signatures between organoids in vitro and pairwise PDOX in vivo were evaluated.Our study offers an innovative approach for drug discovery,and the representative transcriptome features of drug responses provide valuable resources for developing novel clinical treatments for CRC.

关键词： colorectal cancer organoids drug repurposing patient-derived organoids-based xenograft mechanism of action

A reweighted damped singular spectrum analysis method for robust seismic noise suppression

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1671-1682页

作者： wei-Lin Huang Yan-xin Zhou yang Zhou wei-Jie Liu Ji-Dong Li State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPEC Geophysical Research Institute

(Multichannel) Singular spectrum analysis is considered as one of the most effective methods for seismic incoherent noise suppression. It utilizes the low-rank feature of seismic signal and regards the noise suppression as a low-rank reconstruction problem. However, in some cases the seismic geophones receive some erratic disturbances and the amplitudes are dramatically larger than other receivers. The presence of this kind of noise, called erratic noise, makes singular spectrum analysis(SSA) reconstruction unstable and has undesirable effects on the final results. We robustify the low-rank reconstruction of seismic data by a reweighted damped SSA(RD-SSA) method. It incorporates the damped SSA, an improved version of SSA, into a reweighted framework. The damping operator is used to weaken the artificial disturbance introduced by the low-rank projection of both erratic and random noise. The central idea of the RD-SSA method is to iteratively approximate the observed data with the quadratic norm for the first iteration and the Tukeys bisquare norm for the rest iterations. The RD-SSA method can suppress seismic incoherent noise and keep the reconstruction process robust to the erratic disturbance. The feasibility of RD-SSA is validated via both synthetic and field data examples.

关键词： Singular spectrum analysis Damping operator Seismic erratic noise Seismic signal processing Robust low-rank reconstruction