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Utilization of human excrement in pre-modern China,its theoretical interpretations and ecological significance

Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 1-5页

作者： xin-hao du Yuan-Ming Song Ji-An Cai Yong-Guan Zhu Institute for the History of Natural Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute for Cultural Heritage and History of Science&Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Faculty of History Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The use of human excrement as fertilizer is a characteristic of traditional Chinese agriculture..The application of excrement from urban residents in agriculture since the Song Dynasty has ensured the cleanliness and hygiene of *** early as the Ming Dynasty,the Chinese people defined the principle of fertilizing fields with human excrement from the perspective of *** concept Peri-URban ecosystems(PURE)provides inspiration forurban-rural symbiosis regarding *** use of human excrement in fertilization is a major attribute differentiating the Chinese traditional agriculture from the agriculture in other regions around the *** the fact that the exact record showing that human excrement was used as fertilizer in China emerged in the Western Han Dynasty(B.C.202-A.D.8),such records did not become prevalent until the Southern Song Dynasty(A.D.1127-1279).In the Ming and Qing eras(A.D.1368-1912),human excrement was even considered"top-class fertilizerand servedas themost essential fertilizerin farmland *** importance of human excrement in the Ming and Qing was mainly reflected by farmers'purchase of human excrement from urban *** fertilization practices became increasingly popular during the period,men of letters built a localized theoretical system centering on human *** the use of human excrement had both positive and negative impacts on public health and the ecological environment,the positive overshadowed the negativeas a ***,it is worth pondering on how the utilization of human excrement as an agricultural resource can be improved so that a material cycle system can be rebuilt to re-connect the urban and rural areas.

关键词： excrement fertilizer theorization urban and rural ecology public health

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Dissipation-Driven Superradiant Phase Transition of a Two-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Double Cavity

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第6期41卷 44-48页

作者： Bo-hao Wu xin-xin Yang Yu Chen Wei Zhang Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing 100193China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

We study superradiant phase transitions in a hybrid system of a two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate of atoms and two cavities arranged with a tilt *** adjusting the loss rate of cavities,we map out the phase diagram of steady states within a mean field *** is found that when the loss rates of the two cavities are different,superradiant transitions may not occur at the same time in the two cavities.A first-order phase transition is observed between the states with only one cavity in superradiance and both in *** the case that both cavities are superradiant,a net photon current is observed flowing from the cavity with small decay rate to the one with large decay *** photon current shows a non-monotonic dependence on the loss rate difference,owing to the competition of photon number difference and cavity field phase *** findings can be realized and detected in experiments.

关键词： Einstein transitions decay

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Probabilistic seismic inversion based on physics-guided deep mixture density network

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1611-1631页

作者： Qian-hao Sun Zhao-Yun Zong xin Li National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao266580ShandongChina CNOOC Research Institute Ltd. Beijing100028China

Deterministic inversion based on deep learning has been widely utilized in model parameters *** by logging data,seismic data,wavelet and modeling operator,deterministic inversion based on deep learning can establish nonlinear relationships between seismic data and model ***,seismic data lacks low-frequency and contains noise,which increases the non-uniqueness of the *** conventional inversion method based on deep learning can only establish the deterministic relationship between seismic data and parameters,and cannot quantify the uncertainty of *** order to quickly quantify the uncertainty,a physics-guided deep mixture density network(PG-DMDN)is established by combining the mixture density network(MDN)with the deep neural network(DNN).Compared with Bayesian neural network(BNN)and network dropout,PG-DMDN has lower computing cost and shorter training time.A low-frequency model is introduced in the training process of the network to help the network learn the nonlinear relationship between narrowband seismic data and low-frequency *** addition,the block constraints are added to the PG-DMDN framework to improve the horizontal continuity of the inversion *** illustrate the benefits of proposed method,the PG-DMDN is compared with existing semi-supervised inversion *** synthetic data examples of Marmousi II model are utilized to quantify the influence of forward modeling part,low-frequency model,noise and the pseudo-wells number on inversion results,and prove the feasibility and stability of the proposed *** addition,the robustness and generality of the proposed method are verified by the field seismic data.

关键词： Deep learning Probabilistic inversion Physics-guided Deep mixture density network

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Palmitoleic acid on top of HFD ameliorates insulin resistance independent of diacylglycerols and alters gut microbiota in C57BL/6J mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 856-868页

作者： Qijian Liang Yan Zheng Fanli Meng Xiaofan Jiang Qingcai Zhen Zhongting Lu Shixiu Zhang Lei du hao Wu xin Guo Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Research Center of Translational Medicine Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan 250013China Department of Hepatology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China Institute of Hepatology Shandong UniversityJinan 250012China

With the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related metabolic syndrome,such as insulin resistance in recent years,it is urgent to explore effective interventions to prevent the progression of obesity-related metabolic *** acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid that is available from dietary sources,mainly derived from marine products.P almitoleic acid plays a positive role in maintaining glucose homeostasis and reducing ***,it is still unknow the mechanism of palmitoleic acid in ameliorating insulin ***,we investigated the effects of palmitoleic acid on chow diet(CD)-fed and high-fat diet(HFD)-fed mice,which were fed CD or HFD for 12 weeks before *** administrated mice with BSA(control),oleic acid,or palmitoleic acid for 6 weeks on top of CD or HFD *** found that palmitoleic acid only improved glucose homeostasis in HFD-fed obese mice by increasing glucose clearance and reducing *** study explored that palmitoleic acid changed the composition of gut microbiota by decreasing Firmicutes population and increasing Bacteroidetes *** colon,palmitoleic acid increased intestinal tight junction integrity and reduced ***,palmitoleic acid decreased macrophage infiltration in liver and adipose tissue and increase glucose uptake in adipose ***(DAG)in tissue(for example,liver)is found to positively correlated with *** enhanced the levels of DAGs in liver but not in adipose tissue in this *** acid did not reverse the high DAG levels induced by HFD in ***,in HFD-fed mice,palmitoleic acid reduced insulin resistance by an independent-manner of *** might be associated with the beneficial effects of palmitoleic acid on altering the gut microbiota composition,improving of intestinal barrier function,and downregulating the inflammation in colon,liver,and adipose tissue.

关键词： Palmitoleic acid High fat diet Insulin resistance Gut microbiota

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Enhancing force sensing in a squeezed optomechanical system with quantum nondemolition measurement

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第1期76卷 49-60页

作者： Shi-Lei Chao Zi-hao Li xin-You Lü School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology430074 WuhanChina

A theoretical scheme is proposed to enhance the sensitivity of force sensors with quantum nondemolition measurement(QND)in an optomechanical setup assisted by four-tone optical driving and an optical parametric amplifier(OPA).With the help of special drive,the system can be simplified as the typical type of QND for force sensing,so that the backaction noise can be evaded to surpass the standard quantum ***,the added noise can be suppressed owing to the modified optical susceptibility resulting from the *** introducing two oscillators coupling with two charged bodies respectively,the signal can be enhanced with the nonlinearity caused by Coulomb interaction,while the noise presents an exponential ***,considering the homodyne detection effect,the range of system parameters and frequency bands will be *** present investigation may provide a route toward simultaneously evading backaction noise,reducing the mechanical thermal noise,and enhancing the external signal,which can be an alternative design for sensitive devices.

关键词： force sensing optical parametric amplifier quantum non-demolition measurement optomechanical system

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Circadian disturbance induces erectile dysfunction by impairing endothelial function

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 205-211页

作者： Tao Li Yi-Ting Jiang xin-Zhu Qi Peng Chen Jun-hao Zhang Fu Luo Jun Qiao Jiang Gu Guang-Shi du Qiang Wang Department of Urology Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004China Department of Urology Guizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyang 550002China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004China Guizhou Institute for Food and Drug Control Guiyang 550004China Department of Reproductive Center Guizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyang 550002China Translational Medicine Research Center of Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550025China

In order to explore the impact of circadian disturbance on erectile function,we randomly divided 24 adult male rats into groups of control(light on at 8:00 *** off at 8:00 p.m.),dark/dark(DD;constant dark),light/light(LL;constant light),and shift dark/light(DL;light off at 8:00 *** on at 8:0o p.m.).Four weeks later,erectile function was measured and corpora cavernosa were harvested for *** maximum intracavernous pressure(mlcP)and mCP/mean arterial pressure(MAP)ratio in the DD,LL,and DL groups were significantly lower than that in the control *** LL and DL groups showed significantly attenuated endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS),while DD,LL,and DL showed reduced neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS)at both mRNA and protein *** production of nitric oxide(NO)and cyclic guanosinemonophosphate(cGMP)was inhibited by altered light/dark cycles to varying *** disturbance impaired endothelial function and contributed to erectile *** the core circadian elements,mRNA expression of circadian locomotor output cycles kaput(Clock)and brain/muscle aryl-hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein 1(Bmal1)was elevated in the DL group,but their protein expression was not significantly ***,LL,and DL increased period 1(Per1)and Per3 levels,while LL and DL increased PER1 *** significant difference was found for Per2levels,and PER2 and PER3 concentrations were not significantly ***,LL and DL significantly increased cryptochrome-1(CRY1)and CRY2 at both mRNA and protein *** altered light/dark rat model showed that circadian disturbance contributed to erectile dysfunction probably by impairing endothelial ***,the core circadian elements were detected in the corpora cavernosa,but these were ***,which circadian element regulates erectile function and how it works need further analysis.

关键词： circadian disturbance endothelial function erectile function light/dark cycle NO/cGMP

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Quantitative method for calculating spatial release region for laser-guided bomb

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第4期35卷 1053-1062页

作者： YANG Ping XIAO Bing CHEN xin hao Yuntao Air Force Early Warning Academy Wuhan 430019China Unit 93175 of the PLA Changchun 136000China

The laser-guided bomb(LGB)is an air-to-ground pre-cision-guided weapon that offers high hit rates,great power,and ease of *** are guided by semi-active laser ground-seek-ing technology,which means that atmospheric conditions can affect their *** spatial release region(SRR)of LGBs is difficult to calculate precisely,especially when there is a poor field of *** can result in a lower real hit *** increase the hit probability of LGBs in tough atmospheric situa-tions,a novel method for calculating the SRR has been *** method is based on the transmittance model of the 1.06μm laser in atmospheric species and the laser diffuse reflection model of the target surface to determine the capture target time of the laser ***,it calculates the boundary ballistic space starting position by ballistic model and gets the spatial scope of the spatial release *** method can determine the release region of LGBs based on flight test data such as instantaneous velocity,altitude,off-axis angle,and atmospheric *** more effectively employing aircraft release conditions,atmospheric visibility and other factors,the SRR calculation method can improve LGB hit probabi-lity by 9.2%.

关键词： laser-guided bombs(LGBs) hit probability atmo-spheric transmittance spatial release region(SRR)boundary ballistic

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A Recursive DRL-Based Resource Allocation Method for Multibeam Satellite Communication Systems

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第5期33卷 1286-1295页

作者： haowei MENG Ning xin hao QIN Di Zhao State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian University China Academy of Space Technology Institute of Telecommunication Satellite

Optimization-based radio resource management(RRM) has shown significant performance gains on high-throughput satellites(HTSs). However, as the number of allocable on-board resources increases, traditional RRM is difficult to apply in real satellite systems due to its intense computational complexity. Deep reinforcement learning(DRL) is a promising solution for the resource allocation problem due to its model-free advantages. Nevertheless, the action space faced by DRL increases exponentially with the increase of communication scale, which leads to an excessive exploration cost of the algorithm. In this paper, we propose a recursive frequency resource allocation algorithm based on long-short term memory(LSTM) and proximal policy optimization(PPO), called PPO-RA-LOOP,where RA means resource allocation and LOOP means the algorithm outputs actions in a recursive manner. Specifically, the PPO algorithm uses LSTM network to recursively generate sub-actions about frequency resource allocation for each beam, which significantly cuts down the action space. In addition, the LSTM-based recursive architecture allows PPO to better allocate the next frequency resource by using the generated sub-actions information as a prior knowledge, which reduces the complexity of the neural network. The simulation results show that PPO-RA-LOOP achieved higher spectral efficiency and system satisfaction compared with other frequency allocation algorithms.

关键词： High-throughput satellites Proximal policy optimization Deep reinforcement learning Long-short term memory High-throughput satellites Proximal policy optimization Deep reinforcement learning Long-short term memory OPTIMIZATION POWER

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Nonreciprocal generation of Schrodinger cat state induced by topology

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 23-30页

作者： Zi-hao Li Li-Li Zheng Ying Wu xin-You Lü School of Physics and Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technologyand Wuhan Institute of Quantum TechnologyWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education Jianghan UniversityWuhan 430074China

The Schrodinger cat state produced differently in two directions is anticipated to be a critical quantum resource in quantum information *** exploring the interplay between quantum nonreciprocity and topology in a one-dimensional microcavity array,we obtain the Schrodinger cat state(a pure quantum state)in a chosen direction at the edge cavity,whereas a classical state in the other *** nonreciprocal generation of the cat state originates from the topologically protected chiralitymode excitation in the nontrivial phase,but in the trivial phase,the nonreciprocal generation of cat state ***,our proposal is switchable by tuning the parameters so that a topological phase transition ***,the obtained cat state has nonreciprocal high fidelity,nonclassicality,and quantum coherence,which are sufficient to be used in various one-way quantum technologies,e.g.,invisible quantum sensing,noise-tolerant quantum computing,and chiral quantum *** work provides a general approach to control quantum nonreciprocities with the topological effect,which substantially broadens the fields of nonreciprocal photonics and topological physics.

关键词： Schr?dinger cat state nonreciprocity topology

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More Than Lightening:A Self-Supervised Low-Light Image Enhancement Method Capable for Multiple Degradations

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 622-637页

作者： Han Xu Jiayi Ma Yixuan Yuan hao Zhang xin Tian Xiaojie Guo the Electronic Information School Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China IEEE the Department of Electronic Engineering Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China the College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Low-light images suffer from low quality due to poor lighting conditions,noise pollution,and improper settings of *** enhance low-light images,most existing methods rely on normal-light images for guidance but the collection of suitable normal-light images is *** contrast,a self-supervised method breaks free from the reliance on normal-light data,resulting in more convenience and better *** self-supervised methods primarily focus on illumination adjustment and design pixel-based adjustment methods,resulting in remnants of other degradations,uneven brightness and *** response,this paper proposes a self-supervised enhancement method,termed as *** can handle multiple degradations including illumination attenuation,noise pollution,and color shift,all in a self-supervised *** attenuation is estimated based on physical principles and local neighborhood *** removal and correction of noise and color shift removal are solely realized with noisy images and images with color ***,the comprehensive and fully self-supervised approach can achieve better adaptability and *** is applicable to various low light conditions,and can reproduce the original color of scenes in natural *** experiments conducted on four public datasets demonstrate the superiority of SLIE to thirteen state-of-the-art *** code is available at https://***/hanna-xu/SLIE.

关键词： Color correction low-light image enhancement self-supervised learning.

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