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Research status and prospects of the fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 20-38页

作者： Qinjin Dai Xuefeng liu xin Ma Shaojie Tian Qinghe Cui Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing of Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Xinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023China

As a mathematical analysis method,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe irregular shapes with self-similar or self-affine *** analysis has been used to characterize the shapes of metal materials at various scales and *** methods make it difficult to quantitatively describe the relationship between the regular characteristics and properties of metal material surfaces and ***,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe the shape characteristics of metal materials and to establish the quantitative relationships between the shape characteristics and various properties of metal *** the perspective of two-dimensional planes and three-dimensional curved surfaces,this paper reviews the current research status of the fractal analysis of metal precipitate interfaces,metal grain boundary interfaces,metal-deposited film surfaces,metal fracture surfaces,metal machined surfaces,and metal wear *** relationship between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces is *** from three perspectives of fractal analysis,namely,research scope,image acquisition methods,and calculation methods,this paper identifies the direction of research on fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces that need to be *** is believed that revealing the deep influence mechanism between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces will be the key research direction of the fractal analysis of metal materials in the future.

关键词： metal material surfaces and interfaces fractal analysis fractal dimension homogeneity

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Physical Layer Security Scheme With AoI-Awareness for Industrial IoT Based on Covert Communications

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期 276-278页

作者： Yaping Li zhi-xin liu Jia-Wei Su Ya-zhou Yuan the Key Laboratory of Industrial Computer Control Engineering of Hebei Province Yanshan University

Dear Editor,Industrial Internet of things(IIoT) is a typical application of cyberphysical system(CPS). In the IIoT, wireless communication is an inevitable trend to replace the deployment-limited wired transmission for cases with large-scale and mobile devices. However, wireless communication gives rise to critical issues related to physical security, such as malicious detections and attacks [1].

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Comparative proteomic analysis of plasma exosomes reveals the functional contribution of n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase to Parkinson’s disease

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2998-3012页

作者： Yuan zhao Yidan zh.ng xin liu Jian zh.ng Ya Gao Shuyue Li Cui Chang Xiang liu Guofeng Yang Department of Geriatrics Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of neurosurgery The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder,and few reliable biomarkers are available to track disease *** proteins,DnA,mRnA,and lipids carried by exosomes reflect intracellular changes,and thus can serve as biomarkers for a variety of *** this study,we investigated alterations in the protein content of plasma exosomes derived from patients with Parkinson’s disease and the potential therapeutic roles of these proteins in Parkinson’s *** a tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics approach,we characterized the proteomes of plasma exosomes derived from individual patients,identified exosomal protein signatures specific to patients with Parkinson’s disease,and identified n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase as a differentially expressed protein.n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase expression levels in exosomes from the plasma of patients and healthy controls were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western *** results demonstrated that the exosomal n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase concentration was not only lower in Parkinson’s disease,but also decreased with increasing Hoehn-Yahr stage,suggesting that n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase could be used to rapidly evaluate Parkinson’s disease ***,western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels were markedly reduced both in cells treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and cells overexpressingα-synuclein compared with control ***,n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase overexpression significantly increased cell viability and inhibitedα-synuclein expression in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-treated *** together,our findings demonstrate for the first time that exosomal n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase may serve as a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease diagnosis,and that n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase may reduceα-synuclein expression and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced n

关键词： biomarker diagnosis exosomes n-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase Parkinson’s disease proteomic α-synuclein

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Multi-receptive field interaction network for shape from polarization

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期 394-395页

作者： Yini PEnG Rui liu zhiyuan zh.nG zh.ngyuan WAnG Jiayi MA xin TIAn Electronic Information School Wuhan University Computer Science School Wuhan University Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology

Shape from polarization (SfP) method can use the polarization information in reflected light to estimate the surface normal of the target,which can further reconstruct the shape of the *** a simple image capture process,it can use low-cost equipment to meet a high precision imaging requirement,which can be used in remote scenes and other applications.

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Single-cell omics: experimental workflow, data analyses and applications

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 5-102页

作者： Fengying Sun Haoyan Li Dongqing Sun Shaliu Fu Lei Gu xin Shao Qinqin Wang xin Dong Bin Duan Feiyang xing Jun Wu Minmin Xiao Fangqing zhao Jing-Dong J.Han Qi liu Xiaohui Fan Chen Li Chenfei Wang Tieliu Shi Department of Clinical Laboratory the Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City) Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University) Ministry of EducationOrthopaedic DepartmentTongji HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang Lab Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Center for Single-cell Omics School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine national Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang University Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biologythe Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal University Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesCenter for Quantitative Biology (CQB)Peking University zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOE School of StatisticsEast China Normal University

Cells are the fundamental units of biological systems and exhibit unique development trajectories and molecular features. Our exploration of how the genomes orchestrate the formation and maintenance of each cell, and control the cellular phenotypes of various organismsis, is both captivating and intricate. Since the inception of the first single-cell RnA technology, technologies related to single-cell sequencing have experienced rapid advancements in recent years. These technologies have expanded horizontally to include single-cell genome, epigenome,proteome, and metabolome, while vertically, they have progressed to integrate multiple omics data and incorporate additional information such as spatial sc RnA-seq and CRISPR screening. Single-cell omics represent a groundbreaking advancement in the biomedical field,offering profound insights into the understanding of complex diseases, including cancers. Here, we comprehensively summarize recent advances in single-cell omics technologies, with a specific focus on the methodology section. This overview aims to guide researchers in selecting appropriate methods for single-cell sequencing and related data analysis.

关键词： single-cell sequencing genome epigenome proteomics metabolomics multimodal spatial transcriptomics CRISPR screening

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Highly mass activity electrocatalysts with ultralow Pt loading on carbon black for hydrogen evolution reaction

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 182-190页

作者： Shaorou Ke Yajing zhao xin Min Yanghong Li Ruiyu Mi Yangai liu Xiaowen Wu Minghao Fang zhaohui Huang Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid WastersNational Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Pt-based nanocatalysts offer excellent prospects for various ***,the low loading of Pt with excellent performance for efficient and stable nanocatalysts still presents a considerable *** this study,nanocatalysts with ultralow Pt content,excellent performance,and carbon black as support were prepared through in-situ ***~2-nm particles uniformly and stably dispersed on carbon black because of the strong s-p-d orbital hybridizations between carbon black and Pt,which suppressed the agglomeration of Pt *** unique structure is beneficial for the hydrogen evolution *** catalysts exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction,exhibiting a potential of 100 mV at 100 mA·cm^(-2),which is comparable to those of commercial Pt/C *** activity(1.61 A/mg)was four times that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst(0.37 A/mg).The ultralow Pt loading(6.84wt%)paves the way for the development of next-generation electrocatalysts.

关键词： hydrogen evolution reaction ultralow platinum in-situ synthesis ultrasound

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Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex promotes intestinal development as a new iron supplement

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 219-231页

作者： Yingying Feng Yuying Wu Jialu Wang zh.nglin Dong Qian Yu Shuangshuang Xia Chunxue liu Haihua Wang xin Wu Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of Sciences AnYOU Biotechnology Group Co.Ltd Qingdao Seawin Biotech Group Co. LTD

Iron is a crucial micronutrient, and its deficiency can have detrimental effects on the health of infants. Dietary polysaccharide-iron(Ⅲ) complexes(PICs) are promising for addressing iron deficiency due to their minimal adverse reactions and high iron absorption rate. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide-Fe(Ⅲ) complex(EP-Fe) on newborns, using 3-day weaned piglets as the iron-deficiency model. Results showed that EP-Fe improved iron levels and promoted intestinal development in piglets. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that EP-Fe increased the survival of intestinal epithelial cells under hypoxia by upregulating the expression of genes that promote the development of the vascular system. Additionally, EP-Fe enhanced the mucosal barrier functions by inhibiting myosin light chain kinase(MLCK)/phosphorylated myosin light chain(p-MLC) signaling pathway to increase the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. Furthermore, the 16S r RnA gene sequencing of gut microbiota showed that EP-Fe promoted the enrichment of Bacteroides＿fragilis and other gut microbes that can metabolize carbohydrates. In conclusion, EP-Fe is an effective iron supplement for newborns, and it can be developed as a comprehensive nutritional supplement.

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Hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease via nrf2

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1776-1788页

作者： Zige Jiang Dexiang liu Tingting Li Chengcheng Gai Danqing xin Yijing zhao Yan Song Yahong Cheng Tong Li zh.n Wang Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics School of Basic Medicine SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanShandong ProvinceChina Department of neurosurgery Surgery Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease involves high levels of the neurotoxin quinolinic acid. Quinolinic acid accumulation results in oxidative stress, which leads to neurotoxicity. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which quinolinic acid contributes to Huntington's disease pathology remain unknown. In this study, we established in vitro and in vivo models of Huntington's disease by administering quinolinic acid to the PC12 neuronal cell line and the striatum of mice, respectively. We observed a decrease in the levels of hydrogen sulfide in both PC12 cells and mouse serum, which was accompanied by down-regulation of cystathionine β-synthase, an enzyme responsible for hydrogen sulfide production. However, treatment with naHS(a hydrogen sulfide donor) increased hydrogen sulfide levels in the neurons and in mouse serum, as well as cystathionine β-synthase expression in the neurons and the mouse striatum, while also improving oxidative imbalance and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells and the mouse striatum. These beneficial effects correlated with upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression. Finally, treatment with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2inhibitor ML385 reversed the beneficial impact of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on quinolinic acid-induced oxidative stress. Taken together, our findings show that hydrogen sulfide reduces oxidative stress in Huntington's disease by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,suggesting that hydrogen sulfide is a novel neuroprotective drug candidate for treating patients with Huntington's disease.

关键词： apoptosis cystathionine-β-synthase nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Huntington's disease hydrogen sulfide mitochondrion neuroplasticity oxidative stress quinolinic acid reactive oxygen species

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Advances in Graphene‑Based Electrode for Triboelectric nanogenerator

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nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 378-403页

作者： Bin Xie Yuanhui Guo Yun Chen Hao zh.ng Jiawei Xiao Maoxiang Hou Huilong liu Li Ma xin Chen Chingping Wong State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

With the continuous development of wearable electronics,wireless sensor networks and other micro-electronic devices,there is an increasingly urgent need for miniature,flexible and efficient nanopower generation *** nanogenerator(TEnG)technology can convert small mechanical energy into electricity,which is expected to address this *** the core component of TEnG,the choice of electrode materials significantly affects its *** metal electrode materials often suffer from problems such as durability,which limits the further application of ***,as a novel electrode material,shows excellent prospects for application in TEnG owing to its unique structure and excellent electrical *** review systematically summarizes the recent research progress and application prospects of TEnGs based on graphene *** precision processing methods of graphene electrodes are introduced,and the applications of graphene electrode-based TEnGs in various scenarios as well as the enhancement of graphene electrodes for TEnG performance are *** addition,the future development of graphene electrode-based TEnGs is also prospectively discussed,aiming to promote the continuous advancement of graphene electrode-based TEnGs.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerator Precision processing Graphene electrode Self-powered sensor

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Designing Electronic Structures of Multiscale Helical Converters for Tailored Ultrabroad Electromagnetic Absorption

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nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 439-455页

作者： zhaobo Feng Chongbo liu xin Li Guangsheng Luo naixin zhai Ruizhe Hu Jing Lin Jinbin Peng Yuhui Peng Renchao Che Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringNanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China School of Physics and Materials Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of nondestructive Testing Ministry of EducationNanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063People’s Republic of China Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsAcademy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438People’s Republic of China

Atomic-scale doping strategies and structure design play pivotal roles in tailoring the electronic structure and physicochemical property of electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)***,the relationship between configuration and electromagnetic(EM)loss mechanism has remained ***,drawing inspiration from the DnA transcription process,we report the successful synthesis of novel in situ Mn/n co-doped helical carbon nanotubes with ultrabroad EMWA *** calculation and EM simulation confirm that the orbital coupling and spin polarization of the Mn–n4–C configuration,along with cross polarization generated by the helical structure,endow the helical converters with enhanced EM *** a result,HMC-8 demonstrates outstanding EMWA performance,achieving a minimum reflection loss of−63.13 dB at an ultralow thickness of 1.29 *** precise tuning of the graphite domain size,HMC-7 achieves an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 6.08 GHz at 2.02 mm ***,constructing macroscale gradient metamaterials enables an ultrabroadband EAB of 12.16 GHz at a thickness of only 5.00 mm,with the maximum radar cross section reduction value reaching 36.4 dB *** innovative approach not only advances the understanding of metal–nonmetal co-doping but also realizes broadband EMWA,thus contributing to the development of EMWA mechanisms and applications.

关键词： Metal-nonmetal co-doping 3d-2p orbital coupling Spin polarization Helical structure Broadband EM wave absorption

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