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Novel insights into immune-related genes associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus-related cognitive impairment

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 735-757页

作者： Jing Gao Ying Zou Xiao-Yu Lv Li Chen xin-guo hou Department of Endocrinology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shandong UniversityJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shandong Province Medicine&HealthJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseaseJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a multifaceted and advancing state that requires further exploration to fully comprehend.Neu-roinflammation is considered to be one of the main mechanisms and the immune system has played a vital role in the progression of the disease.AIM To identify and validate the immune-related genes in the hippocampus associated with T2DM-related cognitive impairment.METHODS To identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between T2DM and controls,we used data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database GSE125387.To identify T2DM module genes,we used Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis.All the genes were subject to Gene Set Enrichment Analysis.Protein-protein interaction network construction and machine learning were utilized to identify three hub genes.Immune cell infiltration analysis was performed.The three hub genes were validated in GSE152539 via receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Validation experiments including reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR,Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were conducted both in vivo and in vitro.To identify potential drugs associated with hub genes,we used the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database(CTD).RESULTS A total of 576 DEGs were identified using GSE125387.By taking the intersection of DEGs,T2DM module genes,and immune-related genes,a total of 59 genes associated with the immune system were identified.Afterward,machine learning was utilized to identify three hub genes(H2-T24,Rac3,and Tfrc).The hub genes were associated with a variety of immune cells.The three hub genes were validated in GSE152539.Validation experiments were conducted at the mRNA and protein levels both in vivo and in vitro,consistent with the bioinformatics analysis.Additionally,11 potential drugs associated with RAC3 and TFRC were identified based on the CTD.CONCLUSION Immune-related genes that differ in expression in the hippocampus are closely linked to microglia.We validated the expression of three hub genes

关键词： Bioinformatics analysis Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cognitive impairment Hippocampus Immune Microglia

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A molecular insight into coke formation process of vacuum residue in thermal cracking reaction

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2130-2138页

作者： Ji-Guang Li xin guo Huan-Di hou Heavy Oil Processing Department Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co. Ltd

Understanding the coking behaviors has been considered to be really essential for developing better vacuum residue processing technologies. A battery of thermal cracking tests of typical vacuum residue at410°C with various reaction time were performed to evaluate the coke formation process. The total yields of ideal components including naphtha, atmospheric gas oil(AGO) and vacuum gas oil(VGO) of thermal cracking reactions increased from 10.89% to 40.81%, and the conversion ratios increased from8.05% to 43.33% with increasing the reaction time from 10 to 70 min. The asphaltene content increased from 12.14% to a maximum of 22.39% and then decreased, and this maximum of asphaltene content occurred at the end of the coking induction period. The asphaltenes during the coking induction period,at the end and after coking induction period of those tested thermal cracking reactions were characterized to disclose the structure changing rules for coke formation process, and the coke formation pathways were discussed to reveal the coke formation process at molecular level.

关键词： Vacuum residue Thermal cracking Asphaltene Coking induction period Sulfur Nitrogen

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Deep learning for joint channel estimation and feedback in massive MIMO systems

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 83-93页

作者： Jiajia guo Tong Chen Shi Jin Geoffrey Ye Li xin Wang Xiaolin hou National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUK DOCOMO Beijing Communications Laboratories Co. LtdBeijingChina

The great potentials of massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)in Frequency Division Duplex(FDD)mode can be fully exploited when the downlink Channel State Information(CSI)is available at base stations.However,the accurate CsI is difficult to obtain due to the large amount of feedback overhead caused by massive antennas.In this paper,we propose a deep learning based joint channel estimation and feedback framework,which comprehensively realizes the estimation,compression,and reconstruction of downlink channels in FDD massive MIMO systems.Two networks are constructed to perform estimation and feedback explicitly and implicitly.The explicit network adopts a multi-Signal-to-Noise-Ratios(SNRs)technique to obtain a single trained channel estimation subnet that works well with different SNRs and employs a deep residual network to reconstruct the channels,while the implicit network directly compresses pilots and sends them back to reduce network parameters.Quantization module is also designed to generate data-bearing bitstreams.Simulation results show that the two proposed networks exhibit excellent performance of reconstruction and are robust to different environments and quantization errors.

关键词： Channel estimation CSI feedback Deep learning Massive MIMO FDD

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Evaluation of water management on arsenic methylation and volatilization in arsenic-contaminated soils strengthened by bioaugmentation and biostimulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 515-526页

作者： Peng Chen Yi Liu guo-xin Sun State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Arsenic(As) fate in paddy fields has been one of the most significant current issues due to the strong As accumulation potential of rice plants under fooded conditions. However,no attempt was done to explore As methylation and volatilization under non-fooded conditions. Herein, we investigated the effects of water management on As methylation and volatilization in three arsenic-contaminated soils enhanced by biostimulation with strawderived organic matter and bioaugmentation with genetic engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440(GE P. putida). Under fooded conditions, the application of biochar(BC), rice straw(RS)and their combination(BC+RS) increased total As in porewater. However, these effects were greatly attenuated under non-fooded conditions. Compared with RS amendment alone, the combination of GE P. putida and RS further promoted the As methylation and volatilization,and the promotion percentage under non-fooded conditions were significantly higher than that under fooded conditions. The combined GE P. putida and RS showed the highest efficiency in As methylation(88 μg/L) and volatilization(415.4 μg/(kg·year)) in the non-fooded soil with moderate As contamination. Finally, stepwise multiple linear regression analysis presented that methylated As, DOC and p H in porewater were the most important factors contributing to As volatilization. Overall, our findings suggest that combination of bioaugmentation with GE P. putida and biostimulation with RS/BC+RS is a potential strategy for bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated soils by enhancing As methylation and volatilization under non-fooded conditions.

关键词： Arsenic methylation Arsenic volatilization Water management Straw incorporation Bioaugmentation

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Composition operators on weighted Bergman spaces induced by doubling weights

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第7期67卷 1571-1598页

作者： xin guo Maofa Wang School of Mathematics and Statistics Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

Given a doubling weightωon the unit disk D,let A_(ω)^(p) be the space of all the holomorphic functions f,where∥f∥A_(ω)^(p):=(∫_(D)|f(z)|_(p)ω(z)dA(z))^(1/p)<∞.We completely characterize the topological connectedness of the set of composition operators on A_(ω)^(p).As an application,we construct an interesting example which reveals that two composition operators on A_(α)^(p) in the same path component may fail to have a compact difference and give a negative answer to the Shapiro-Sundberg question in the(standard)weighted Bergman space.In addition,we completely describe the central compactness of any finite linear combinations of composition operators on A_(ω)^(p) in three terms:a Julia-Carathéodory-type function-theoretic characterization,a power-type characterization,and a Carleson-type measure-theoretic characterization.

关键词： composition operator linear combination linearly connected weighted Bergman space doubling weight

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Epileptic brain network mechanisms and neuroimaging techniques for the brain network

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2637-2648页

作者： Yi guo Zhonghua Lin Zhen Fan xin Tian Department of Neurology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Geriatrics Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Chongqing Key Laboratory of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Epilepsy can be defined as a dysfunction of the brain network,and each type of epilepsy involves different brain-network changes that are implicated diffe rently in the control and propagation of interictal or ictal discharges.Gaining more detailed information on brain network alterations can help us to further understand the mechanisms of epilepsy and pave the way for brain network-based precise therapeutic approaches in clinical practice.An increasing number of advanced neuroimaging techniques and electrophysiological techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging-based fiber tra ctography,diffusion kurtosis imaging-based fiber tractography,fiber ball imagingbased tra ctography,electroencephalography,functional magnetic resonance imaging,magnetoencephalography,positron emission tomography,molecular imaging,and functional ultrasound imaging have been extensively used to delineate epileptic networks.In this review,we summarize the relevant neuroimaging and neuroelectrophysiological techniques for assessing structural and functional brain networks in patients with epilepsy,and extensively analyze the imaging mechanisms,advantages,limitations,and clinical application ranges of each technique.A greater focus on emerging advanced technologies,new data analysis software,a combination of multiple techniques,and the construction of personalized virtual epilepsy models can provide a theoretical basis to better understand the brain network mechanisms of epilepsy and make surgical decisions.

关键词： electrophysiological techniques epilepsy functional brain network functional magnetic resonance imaging functional near-infrared spectroscopy machine leaning molecular imaging neuroimaging techniques structural brain network virtual epileptic models

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Protective Effects of Phellodendron Species on Bone Health: A Novel Perspective on Their Potentials in Treating Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期30卷 379-384页

作者： xin Li TAN guo-yao ZHANG Qiang ZHANG Qun Good Clinical Practice Development Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou(510630)China Department of Pharmacy Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou(510120)China

Phellodendron(PN)species,traditionally used in Chinese medicine for centuries,hold promise as a potential treatment for osteoporosis(OP)and osteoarthritis(OA)due to their bioactive compounds.The bioactive compounds,including berberine and palmatine,exhibit anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and bone-protective properties,contributing to their potential therapeutic benefits in promoting bone health and preventing bone loss.However,challenges such as the need for standardized preparation and dosing,limited clinical studies,and potential interactions with other medications hinder their clinical use.Nonetheless,the rich history of PN species in Chinese medicine provides a promising foundation for future investigation into their potential as alternative treatments for OP and OA.Further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of action and explore the clinical implications of PN for bone health.

关键词： Phellodendron species bone health osteoporosis osteoarthritis review

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Impact of Alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff expression on the prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 687-698页

作者： Juan Lin Zhu-Feng Chen guo-Dong guo xin Chen Shengli Clinical Medical College Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The Alcian blue(AB)and periodic acid Schiff(PAS)stains are representative mucus markers in gastric signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC).They are low-cost special staining methods used to detect acidic mucus and neutral mucus,respectively.However,the clinical importance of the special combined AB and PAS stain is unclear.AIM To investigate AB expression,PAS expression and the AB-to-PAS(A/P)ratio in gastric SRCC patients and to assess patient prognosis.METHODS Paraffin-embedded sections from 83 patients with gastric SRCC were stained with AB and PAS,and signet ring cell positivity was assessed quantitatively.Immuno-histochemical staining for Ki67,protein 53(P53)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)was performed simultaneously.The cancer-specific survival(CSS)rate was estimated via Kaplan-Meier analysis.Cox proportional hazards models were used for univariate and multivariate survival analyses.RESULTS Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the 3-year CSS rate was significantly greater in the high-PAS-expression subgroup than in the low-PAS-expression subgroup(P0.5 group(P=0.042).Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the factors affecting prognosis included tumor diameter,lymph node metastasis,vessel carcinoma embolus,tumor stage,the A/P ratio and the expression of Ki67,P53 and the PAS.Cox multivariate regression analysis confirmed that low PAS expression[hazard ratio(HR)=3.809,95%confidence interval(CI):1.563-9.283,P=0.003]and large tumor diameter(HR=2.761,95%CI:1.086-7.020,P=0.033)were independent risk factors for poor prognosis.CONCLUSION A/P>0.5 is potentially a risk factor for prognosis,and low PAS expression is an independent risk factor in the prognosis of gastric SRCC.PAS expression and the A/P ratio could help in predicting the clinical prognosis of patients with SRCC.

关键词： Alcian blue Periodic acid-Schiff Prognosis Gastric Signet ring cell carcinoma

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Two thin middle-crust low-velocity zones imaged in the Chuan-Dian region of southeastern Tibetan Plateau and their tectonic implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1675-1686页

作者： Long LI xin WANG Guangbing hou Yuan LING Yinshuang AI Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Intracrustal low-velocity zones(LVZs)indicate a mechanically weak crust and are widely observed in the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau.However,their spatial distributions and formation mechanisms remain controversial.To investigate their distribution and detailed morphology of the LVZs in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,here we used teleseismic events and continuous waveform data recorded by 40 broadband seismic stations newly deployed in the Sichuan-Yunnan region from December 2018 to October 2020.A total of 12,924 high-quality P-wave receiver functions and 5–40 s fundamental Rayleigh surface wave phase velocity dispersion curves from ambient noise cross-correlation functions were obtained.The Swave velocity model at a depth interval of 0–100 km in the study area was inverted by using the trans-dimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo strategy to jointly invert the complementary data of the receiver function waveform and Rayleigh surface wave phase velocity dispersion.Our results show that there are two separate LVZs(~3.5 km/s)surrounding the rigid Daliangshan subblock at crustal depths of approximately 30–40 km,providing new constraints on the geometry of the LVZs in our study region.The two LVZs obtained in this study may represent the middle crustal flow channels,through which the material in the center of the Tibetan Plateau extrudes to its southeast margin.Blocked by the rigid Sichuan Basin and the spindle-like Daliangshan subblock,the material continues to flow southward through the mechanically weak middle crustal channels surrounding the Daliangshan subblock.In addition,the existence of thin LVZs in the middle crust plays an important role in understanding the decoupling between the upper and lower crust in the study area.It also provides new constraint on the complex tectonic deformation process of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau caused by the collision and compression of the Indian and the Eurasian plates.

关键词： Southeastern Tibetan Plateau Joint inversion Intracrustal low-velocity zone Mid-crustal channel flow

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Spatiotemporal variation and freeze-thaw asymmetry of Arctic sea ice in multiple dimensions during 1979 to 2020

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 102-114页

作者： Yu guo Xiaoli Wang He Xu Xiyong hou CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes Yantai 264003China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Arctic sea ice is broadly regarded as an indicator and amplifier of global climate change.The rapid changes in Arctic sea ice have been widely concerned.However,the spatiotemporal changes in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of Arctic sea ice and its asymmetry during the melt and freeze seasons are rarely quantified simultaneously based on multiple sources of the same long time series.In this study,the spatiotemporal variation and freeze-thaw asymmetry of Arctic sea ice were investigated from both the horizontal and vertical dimensions during 1979–2020 based on remote sensing and assimilation data.The results indicated that Arctic sea ice was declining at a remarkably high rate of–5.4×10^(4) km^(2)/a in sea ice area(SIA)and–2.2 cm/a in sea ice thickness(SIT)during 1979 to 2020,and the reduction of SIA and SIT was the largest in summer and the smallest in winter.Spatially,compared with other sub-regions,SIA showed a sharper declining trend in the Barents Sea,Kara Sea,and East Siberian Sea,while SIT presented a larger downward trend in the northern Canadian Archipelago,northern Greenland,and the East Siberian Sea.Regarding to the seasonal trend of sea ice on sub-region scale,the reduction rate of SIA exhibited an apparent spatial heterogeneity among seasons,especially in summer and winter,i.e.,the sub-regions linked to the open ocean exhibited a higher decline rate in winter;however,the other sub-regions blocked by the coastlines presented a greater decline rate in summer.For SIT,the sub-regions such as the Beaufort Sea,East Siberian Sea,Chukchi Sea,Central Arctic,and Canadian Archipelago always showed a higher downward rate in all seasons.Furthermore,a striking freeze-thaw asymmetry of Arctic sea ice was also detected.Comparing sea ice changes in different dimensions,sea ice over most regions in the Arctic showed an early retreat and rapid advance in the horizontal dimension but late melting and gradual freezing in the vertical dimension.The amount of sea ice melting and freezing was disequilibrium in the Arc

关键词： Arctic sea ice sea ice area sea ice thickness spatiotemporal variation freeze-thaw asymmetry

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