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Cobalamin-dependent radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine protein functions with a partner to successively methylate tricyclic indole alkaloid for chuangxinmycin maturation and derivatization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 308-316页

作者： Sili Wang Jiancheng huang Yanan Du Wei huang Yufeng Xue Xiaokun Xu Guannan Zhong Yuanyuan Shi Bin Hong Xiaoying Bian Wen Liu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong University National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College

Cobalamin(Cbl)-dependent radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine(SAM) proteins constitute the largest collection of the radical SAM superfamily that has hundreds of thousands of individual members. Many of these proteins are involved in the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important natural products to catalyze chemically demanding reactions. In the biosynthetic pathway of chuangxinmycin(CXM), a unique indole alkaloid antibiotic with potent anti-infective activity, functionalization of the characteristic thiopyrano[4,3,2-cd]indole scaffold by regio-and stereoselective C3-methylation is believed to rely on a Cbl-dependent radical process, which, however, remained to be reconstituted biochemically. We here report the dissection of this enzymatic process, which requires the incorporation of Cxm8, a Cbl-dependent radical SAM protein, with Cxm9, a DUF5825family protein that shares no homology to any proteins of known functions. Cxm8 and Cxm9 function together by forming an unexpected heterodimeric complex that selectively catalyzes C3-methylation of the tricyclic indole-S-hetero ring system in a successive manner, achieving CXM and a recently identified, C3-dimethylated congener. Detailed biochemical characterization,isotope labeling, structural simulation and bioinformatics analysis rationalized the catalysis of the Cxm8/Cxm9 complex and particularly the necessity of the DUF5825 protein for C3-methylase activity. This is the first example that a Cbl-dependent protein acts with a partner to exhibit radical SAM activity.

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energy-efficiency maximization for fixed-wing UAV-enabled relay network with circular trajectory

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第9期35卷 71-80页

作者： Chenxiao XIE xin-Lin huang Department of Information and Communication engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

With the development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs), the applications of UAVs have been extensively explored. In the field of wireless communications, the relay nodes are often used to extend network coverage. However, traditional fixed ground relays cannot be flexibly deployed due to their low heights and fixed locations. Hence, deploying UAV as relay node is a promising solution and has become a research hotspot. In this paper, we consider an UAVenabled relaying network in which a fixed-wing UAV is deployed between the Base Station(BS)and Ground Users(GUs). We study the energy-efficiency gap between the link “BS-UAV-GUs”and the link “BS-GUs”, and jointly optimize UAV relay transmission power and flight radius to achieve the highest energy-efficiency. Firstly, the UAV/BS-GUs channels models and the UAV energy consumption model are built. Secondly, the optimization objective function is formulated to maximize the energy-efficiency gap. Then, the solution of the optimization problem is divided into a two-step iteration process, in which the UAV relay transmission power and flight radius are adjusted to maximize the energy-efficiency gap. Finally, the experimental results under different simulation scenarios(such as cities, forests, deserts, oceans, etc.) are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm can always find the optimal UAV relay transmission power and flight radius settings, and achieve the largest energy-efficiency gap. The convergency speed of the proposed algorithm is fast, and can obtain the optimal solution within only a few iterations.

关键词： Circular trajectory energy efficiency Fixed wing UAV Power allocation UAV relay

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energetics of lateral eddy diffusion/advection: Part IV. energetics of diffusion/advection in sigma coordinates and other coordinates

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第3期33卷 58-78页

作者： huang Rui xin Department of Physical Oceanography Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Gravitational potential energy （GPE） source and sink due to stirring and cabbeling associated with sigma dif fusion/ advection is analyzed. It is shown that GPE source and sink is too big, and they are not closely linked to physical property distribution, such as temperature, salinity and velocity. Although the most frequently quoted advantage of sigma coordinate models are their capability of dealing with topography; the exces sive amount of GPE source and sink due to stirring and cabbeling associated with sigma diffusion/advec tion diagnosed from our analysis raises a very serious question whether the way lateral diffusion/advection simulated in the sigma coordinates model is physically acceptable. GPE source and sink in three coordinates is dramatically different in their magnitude and patterns. Overall, in terms of simulating lateral eddy diffu sion and advection isopycnal coordinates is the best choice and sigma coordinates is the worst. The physical reason of the excessive GPE source and sink in sigma coordinates is further explored in details. However, even in the isopycnal coordinates, simulation based on the Eulerian coordinates can be contaminated by the numerical errors associated with the advection terms.

关键词： energetics of horizontal advection energetics of horizontal eddy diffusion energetics ofisopycnal advection energetics of isopycnal eddy diffusion energetics of sigma advectiondiffusion energetics of sigma eddy diffusion

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energetics of lateral eddy diffusion/advection: Part III. energetics of horizontal and isopycnal diffusion/ advection

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第3期33卷 40-57页

作者： huang Rui xin Department of Physical Oceanography Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Gravitational Potential energy （GPE） change due to horizontal/isopycnal eddy diffusion and advection is examined. Horizontal/isopycnal eddy diffusion is conceptually separated into two steps： stirring and sub scale diffusion. GPE changes associated with these two steps are analyzed. In addition, GPE changes due to stirring and subscale diffusion associated with horizontal/isopycnal advection in the Eulerian coordinates are analyzed. These formulae are applied to the SODA data for the world oceans. Our analysis indicates that horizontal/isopycnal advection in Eulerian coordinates can introduce large artificial diffusion in the model. It is shown that GPE source/sink in isopycnal coordinates is closely linked to physical property distribution, such as temperature, salinity and velocity. In comparison with z-coordinates, GPE source/sink due to stir ring/cabbeling associated with isopycnal diffusion/advection is much smaller. Although isopycnal coordi nates may be a better choice in terms of handling lateral diffusion, advection terms in the traditional Eule rian coordinates can produce artificial source of GPE due to cabbeling associated with advection. Reducing such numerical errors remains a grand challenge.

关键词： energetics of horizontal eddy diffusion energetics of horizontal advection energetics ofisopycnal eddy diffusion energetics of isopycnal advection

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Surface phase defects induced downstream laser intensity modulation in high-power laser facility

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2016年第1期4卷 41-44页

作者： xin Zhang Wei Zhou Wanjun Dai Dongxia Hu Xuewei Deng Wanqing huang Lidan Zhou Qiang Yuan Xiaoxia huang De'en Wang Ying Yang Research Center of Laser Fusion China Academy of Engineering Physics

Optics surface phase defects induced intensity modulation in high-power laser facility for inertial confinement fusion research is studied. Calculations and experiments reveal an exact mapping of the modulation patterns and the optics damage spot distributions from the surface phase defects. Origins are discussed during the processes of optics manufacturing and diagnostics, revealing potential improvements for future optics manufacturing techniques and diagnostic index, which is meaningful for fusion level laser facility construction and its operation safety.

关键词： intensity modulation optics damage phase defect

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energetics of lateral eddy diffusion/advection: Part II. Numerical diffusion/diffusivity and gravitational potential energy change due to isopycnal diffusion

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第3期33卷 19-39页

作者： huang Rui xin Department of Physical Oceanography Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Study of oceanic circulation and climate requires models which can simulate tracer eddy diffusion and ad vection accurately. It is shown that the traditional Eulerian coordinates can introduce large artificial hori zontal diffusivity/viscosity due to the incorrect alignment of the axis. Therefore, such models can smear sharp fronts and introduce other numerical artifacts. For simulation with relatively low resolution, large lateral diffusion was explicitly used in models; therefore, such numerical diffusion may not be a problem. However, with the increase of horizontal resolution, the artificial diffusivity/viscosity associated with hori zontal advection in the commonly used Eulerian coordinates may become one of the most challenging ob stacles for modeling the ocean circulation accurately. Isopycnal eddy diffusion （mixing） has been widely used in numerical models. The common wisdom is that mixing along isopycnal is energy free. However, a careful examination reveals that this is not the case. In fact, eddy diffusion can be conceptually separated into two steps： stirring and subscale diffusion. Due to the thermobaric effect, stirring, or exchanging water masses, along isopycnal surface is associated with the change of GPE in the mean state. This is a new type of instability, called the thermobaric instability. In addition, due to cabbeling subscale diffusion of water parcels always leads to the release of GPE. The release of GPE due to isopycnal stirring and subscale diffusion may lead to the thermobaric instability.

关键词： Eulerian coordinates numerical diffusivity numerical dissipation energetics of isopycnal eddydiffusion

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energetics of lateral eddy diffusion/advection: Part I. Thermodynamics and energetics of vertical eddy diffusion

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第3期33卷 1-18页

作者： huang Rui xin Department of Physical Oceanography Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Two important nonlinear properties of seawater thermodynamics linked to changes of water density, cab beling and elasticity （compressibility）, are discussed. Eddy diffusion and advection lead to changes in den sity; as a result, gravitational potential energy of the system is changed. Therefore, cabbeling and elasticity play key roles in the energetics of lateral eddy diffusion and advection. Vertical eddy diffusion is one of the key elements in the mechanical energy balance of the global oceans. Vertical eddy diffusion can be con ceptually separated into two steps： stirring and subscale diffusion. Vertical eddy stirring pushes cold/dense water upward and warm/light water downward; thus, gravitational potential energy is increased. During the second steps, water masses from different places mix through subscale diffusion, and water density is increased due to cabbeling. UsingWOA01 climatology and assuming the vertical eddy diffusivity is equal to a constant value of 2x103 pa2/s, the total amount of gravitational potential energy increase due to vertical stirring in the world oceans is estimated at 263 GW. Cabbeling associated with vertical subscale diffusion is a sink of gravitational potential energy, and the total value of energy lost is estimated at 73 GW. Therefore, the net source of gravitational potential energy due to vertical eddy diffusion for the world oceans is estimated at 189 GW.

关键词： cabbeling compressibility elasticity energetics of vertical eddy diffusion gravitationalpotential energy parameterization of eddy diffusion

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In situ direct reprogramming of astrocytes to neurons via polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 knockdown in a mouse model of ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2240-2248页

作者： Meng Yuan Yao Tang Tianwen huang Lining Ke en huang Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases of Fujian Province Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Human Anatomy School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Scientific Research Center School of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Fujian Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

In situ direct reprogramming technology can directly convert endogenous glial cells into functional neurons in vivo for central nervous system repair. Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1(PTB) knockdown has been shown to reprogram astrocytes to functional neurons in situ. In this study, we used AAV-PHP.e B-GFAP-sh PTB to knockdown PTB in a mouse model of ischemic stroke induced by endothelin-1, and investigated the effects of GFAP-sh PTB-mediated direct reprogramming to neurons. Our results showed that in the mouse model of ischemic stroke, PTB knockdown effectively reprogrammed GFAP-positive cells to neurons in ischemic foci, restored neural tissue structure, reduced inflammatory response, and improved behavioral function. These findings validate the effectiveness of in situ transdifferentiation of astrocytes, and suggest that the approach may be a promising strategy for stroke treatment.

关键词： astrocyte in situ direct reprogramming ischemic stroke miR-30 based shRNA neuron polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 transdifferentiation

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SiS_(2)/ZnO范德华异质结光催化水分解第一性原理研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第6期42卷 31-36页

作者：李家豪黄欣杨志红南京邮电大学电子与光学工程学院、柔性电子(未来技术)学院南京210023 南京邮电大学理学院南京210023

基于第一性原理方法,研究了SiS_(2)/ZnO范德华异质结的电子结构和光催化性质.结果表明,SiS_(2)/ZnO异质结是带隙值为1.32 eV的半导体材料,表现出交错排列的能带结构.在异质结界面处,形成了从ZnO指向SiS_(2)的内置电场,该内置电场的存在... 详细信息

基于第一性原理方法,研究了SiS_(2)/ZnO范德华异质结的电子结构和光催化性质.结果表明,SiS_(2)/ZnO异质结是带隙值为1.32 eV的半导体材料,表现出交错排列的能带结构.在异质结界面处,形成了从ZnO指向SiS_(2)的内置电场,该内置电场的存在使得SiS_(2)/ZnO异质结中形成了特殊的“Z-型”载流子迁移模式,有利于电子空穴对的有效分离,同时增强了载流子的氧化还原能力.异质结构具有良好的热力学稳定性,且带边位置跨越水的氧化还原电位.与单层材料相比,SiS_(2)/ZnO异质结光吸收谱出现红移现象,表现出更宽的光吸收范围(从可见光到紫外光)及更强的光吸收强度(达到10~5 cm^(-1)量级).另外,通过施加双轴应变,可以有效调控SiS_(2)/ZnO异质结的带隙值.以上结果表明SiS_(2)/ZnO异质结有潜力成为新型光催化剂用于全解水.

关键词： SiS_(2)/ZnO Z-型范德华异质结光催化电子结构第一性原理

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Calculation of f_(σ) on Quark Level

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Chinese Physics Letters 1996年第9期13卷 652-655页

作者： LÜXiao-fu LIU Yu-xin ZHAO en-guang Department of Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064 Department of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080

With the recently obtained vacuum configuration of the bilocal field,we have calculated the decay constant f_(σ) of σ-meson in a quantum chromodynamics-based model field *** investigating the calculated result,it ca... 详细信息

关键词： theory decay meson

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