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Etomidate protects retinal ganglion cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced injury via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第9期17卷 1606-1613页

作者： Xuan Zhao De-Gang Fan xin-chao zhang Si-Wei You Fang Kuang Ming-Mei Wu Department of Histology and Embryology School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Medical UniversityXi’an 710021Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology the Basic Medical Science Academythe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Spinal Surgery Honghui HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054Shaanxi ProvinceChina College of Life Sciences Northwestern UniversityXi’an 710069Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM:To determine whether etomidate(ET)has a protective effect on retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)injured with hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and to explore the potential mechanism underlying the antioxidative stress effect of ***:Cultured RGCs were identified by double immunofluorescent labeling of microtubule-associated protein 2 and *** injury model of H_(2)O_(2)-induced RGCs oxidative stress was established in *** were pretreated with different concentrations of ET(1,5,and 10μmol/L)for 4h,followed by further exposure to H_(2)O_(2)at 1000μmol/*** counting kit 8 and Annexin V/propidium iodide assays were applied to detect the viabilities and apoptosis rates of the RGCs at 12,24,and 48h after H_(2)O_(2)*** levels of nitric oxide,malondialdehyde,and glutathione in culture media were measured at these time *** reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot were performed to observe the effects of ET on the messenger RNA and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2),heme oxygenase 1(HO-1),glutathione peroxidase 1 and the level of conjugated acrolein in RGCs at 12,24,and 48h after H_(2)O_(2)stimulation and in the retina at 12h after optic nerve transection(ONT).RESULTS:The applications of 5 and 10μmol/L of ET significantly increased the viability of *** from qRT-PCR indicated a decrease in the expression of iNOS and an increase in the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in ETpretreated RGCs at 12,24 and 48h after H_(2)O_(2)stimulation,as well as in ET-treated retinas at 12h after *** blot analysis revealed a decrease in the expression of iNOS and levels of conjugated acrolein,along with an increase in the expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 in ET-pretreated RGCs in vitro and ET-treated retinas in ***:ET is a neuroprotective agent in primary cultured RGCs injured by H_(2)O_(2).The effect of ET is dosedependent with the

关键词： etomidate retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection hydrogen peroxide-induced injury nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 heme oxygenase 1

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Controllable nucleation and deformation of skyrmions on surface of magnetic nanotubular monolayer

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3250-3259页

作者： xin-xin zhang Chen-Yu zhang Yi-xin xing chao Man Jiao Liu Yong Hu Department of Physics College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering Campus14300 Nibong TebalPenangMalaysia State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China

Magnetic skyrmions emerge when the energy of ferromagnetic exchange interaction promoting parallel alignment of spins enters in competition with energies favoring non-collinear alignment of spins such as Dzy aloshinskii-Moriya interaction(DMI),long-rang dipole-dipole interaction(DDI),or higher-order exchange *** perform an unbiased Monte Carlo simulation to study the DMI-based skyrmion nucleation and stabilization on the surface of magnetic nanotubular monolayer controlled by tuning constants of DDI(g) and next-nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange interaction(j') with appropriate *** g and j',the loosely distributed skyrmions initially nucleate on the surface of nanotube approaching to the magnetic field(h) direction with increasing h in the intermediate ***,the skyrmion size,shape,density,distribution and crystal structure,as well as its driven field range,are tailored by g and j'.This work demonstrates the skyrmion nucleation mechanisms in three-dimensional magnetic nanostructures with curvature effect and multiple interactions,serving as a benchmark for a guide to experimentalists for preparation of samples in magnetic skyrmion states.

关键词： Magnetic nanotube Magnetic skyrmion Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction Dipole-dipole interaction Monte Carlo simulation

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Impact response and energy absorption of metallic buffer with entangled wire mesh damper

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 137-150页

作者： chao Zheng Jun Wu Mangong zhang xin Xue Institute of Metal Rubber&Vibration Noise School of Mechanical Engineering and AutomationFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China Wuhan Second Ship Design and Research Institute Wuhan 430205China

An innovative metallic buffer consisting of series-connected hat-shaped entangled wire mesh damper(EWMD)and parallel springs are proposed in this work to enhance the reliability of engineering *** impact response and the energy dissipation mechanism of hat-shaped EWMD under different quasi-static compression deformations(2-7 mm)and impact heights(100-200 mm)are investigated using experimental and numerical *** results demonstrate distinct stages in the quasi-static mechanical characteristics of hat-shaped EWMD,including stiffness softening,negative stiffness,and stiffness *** loss factor gradually increases with increasing compression deformation before entering the stiffness hardening *** impact loads,the hat-shaped EWMD exhibits optimal impact energy absorption when it enters the negative stiffness stage(150 mm),resulting in the best impact isolation effect of metallic ***,the impact energy absorption significantly decreases when hat-shaped EWMD enters the stiffness hardening ***,quasi-static compression analysis after experiencing different impact loads reveals the disappearance of the negative stiffness ***,with increasing impact loads,the stiffness hardening point progressively shifts to an earlier stage.

关键词： Metallic buffer Hat-shaped EWMD Drop impact Energy absorption characteristics Mechanical behavior

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Experimental and numerical flutter analysis of a folding fin with multiple asymmetric free-plays

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 332-348页

作者： Chenyu LIU chao AN Changchuan XIE xin zhang Lan YANG School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering Beijing 100854China Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering Beijing 100076China

Experimental folding fin models with an adjustable free-play are tested in a wind *** fin structure is modeled using the free-interface component mode synthesis method,and its free-play is modeled as four independent nonlinear springs with asymmetric stiffness.A nonplanar unsteady vortex-lattice method considering compressibility is employed to address nonlinear deformation and high subsonic *** spline interpolation is improved through projection and *** aeroelastic characteristics of folding fins with different free-play magnitudes,initial conditions and elastic-axis positions are analyzed using an established time-marching method because of its relatively small computation scale and high *** results show good consistency among the presented method,the wind tunnel test and the harmonic balance *** is a negative correlation between the critical speed of divergent motion and the ratio of the initial condition to the free-play *** either the free-play magnitude or the initial condition is extreme(tiny or vast),the system nonlinearity degenerates to ***,the flutter prevention design of a linear model can be applied to a nonlinear model,such as moving the elastic-axis position *** presented fin configuration exhibits an unstable limit cycle oscillation because the orders of coupled flutter modes do not change with variations in equivalent linear stiffness.

关键词： Free-play Limit cycle oscillation Flutter Component mode synthesis Vortex-lattice method

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Rotating magnetic field inhibits Aβ protein aggregation and alleviates cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease mice

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 924-936页

作者： Ruo-Wen Guo Wen-Jing Xie Biao Yu chao Song xin-Miao Ji xin-Yu Wang Mei zhang xin zhang High Magnetic Field Laboratory CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical BiologyHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui 230031China Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230036China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China School of Life Sciences Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China

Amyloid beta(Aβ)monomers aggregate to form fibrils and amyloid plaques,which are critical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Given the important role of Aβ1-42 aggregation in plaque formation,leading to brain lesions and cognitive impairment,numerous studies have aimed to reduce Aβaggregation and slow AD *** diphenylalanine(FF)sequence is critical for amyloid aggregation,and magnetic fields can affect peptide alignment due to the diamagnetic anisotropy of aromatic *** this study,we examined the effects of a moderate-intensity rotating magnetic field(RMF)on Aβaggregation and AD *** indicated that the RMF directly inhibited Aβamyloid fibril formation and reduced Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in neural cells in *** the AD mouse model APP/PS1,RMF restored motor abilities to healthy control levels and significantly alleviated cognitive impairments,including exploration and spatial and non-spatial memory *** examinations demonstrated that RMF reduced amyloid plaque accumulation,attenuated microglial activation,and reduced oxidative stress in the APP/PS1 mouse *** findings suggest that RMF holds considerable potential as a non-invasive,high-penetration physical approach for AD treatment.

关键词： lzheimer’s disease Rotating magnetic field Amyloid-β Cognitive function Alzheimer’s disease animal models

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Elucidation of potential relationship between endogenous proteases and key flavor substances in dry-cured pork coppa

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2152-2160页

作者： Mingming Li Qiujin Zhu chao Qu Xiaohui Gong Yunhan zhang xin zhang Shouwei Wang China Meat Research Center Beijing 100068China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing School of Liquor&Food EngineeringGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Beijing Academy of Food Sciences Beijing 100068China

Dry-cured meat products are considerably popular around the world due to unique *** is one of the enzymatic reactions from which flavor substances are derived,which is affected by endogenous *** purpose aimed to reveal the potential relationship between endogenous proteases and key flavor substances in dry-cured pork coppa in this *** dynamic changes of endogenous proteases activity,free amino acids,and volatiles during dry-cured pork coppa processing were *** results showed that 5 kinds of free amino acids,Glu,Lys,Val,Ala,and Leu,were identified as significant contributors to ***,key volatiles,such as hexanal,nonanal,octanal,benzaldehyde,3-methyl butanoic acid,2-methyl propanoic acid,and ethyl octanoate,greatly contributed to the flavor characteristics of dry-cured pork *** partial correlation analysis was performed to better elucidate the relationship among *** results revealed that close relationship between endogenous proteases and key *** not only significantly affected the accumulation of key active-amino acids,but also affected the accumulation of ethyl octanoate,2,3-pentanedione,and 2,3-octanedione by regulating the accumulation of octanoic acid and *** addition,cathepsin B and D,DPP II,DPP IV and RAP notably affected accumulation of hexanal.

关键词： Dry-cured pork coppa Endogenous proteases Proteolysis Key taste-active amino acids Volatile compounds

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Dual-microcomb generation via a monochromatically pumped dual-mode microresonator

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 163-171页

作者： RUNLIN MIAO KE YIN chao ZHOU CHENXI zhang ZHUOPEI YU xin ZHENG TIAN JIANG National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Academy of Military Sciences PLA ChinaBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute for Advanced Study National University of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100000China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Electronic Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Microcombs have enabled a host of cutting-edge applications from metrology to communications that have garnered significant attention in the last ***,due to the thermal instability of the microresonator,additional control devices like auxiliary lasers are indispensable for single-soliton generation in some ***,the increased system complexity would be too overwhelming for dual-microcomb ***,we put forward a novel approach to mitigate the thermal instability and generate the dual-microcomb using a compact *** process is akin to mode-division multiplexing,as the dual-microcombs are generated by pumping the dual-mode of a single Si_(3)N_(4) microresonator with a continuous-wave *** numerical simulations and experimental measurements indicate that this innovative technique could offer a straightforward way to enlarge the soliton existence range,allowing entry into the multistability regime and triggering another microcomb alongside the main soliton *** outcome not only shines new light on the interaction mechanism of microresonator modes but also provides an avenue for the development of dual-microcomb-based ranging and low phase noise microwave generation.

关键词： resonator pumped pumping

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Effect of Microstructural Characteristics on Fracture Toughness in Direct Energy Deposited Novel Ti-6Al-4V-1Mo Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 119-131页

作者： chao Xia Kexin Zhao xin Zhou Yuqi He Panpan Gao Hengxin zhang Guangrui Gao Fengying zhang Hua Tan School of Material Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710064China Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an710038China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Surface Material Protection Co. LtdXi’an710018China

Meeting the damage tolerance requirements for engineering-grade titanium alloys pose a significant challenge in achieving high fracture toughness in direct energy deposition(DED)titanium *** work primarily investigated the relationship between the microstructure and the fracture toughness of DED new Ti-6Al-4V-1Mo *** types of microstructures were designed via two process strategies:high-line energy density(HE)and low-line energy density(LE).Relative to LE samples,HE samples possess larger-sized microstructural characteristics(coarser grain boundaryα(α_(GB)),largerαcolonies,and coarserαlaths).Lessα/βphase boundaries were formed by coarserαlaths in the HE samples,increasing the movement of dislocations,resulting in tensile strength decreasing from 1007.1 MPa(LE)to 930.8 MPa(HE)and elongation increasing from 10.8%(LE)to 15.7%(HE).Also,HE samples exhibited an excellent fracture toughness of 114.0 MPa m^(1/2),significantly higher than that of LE samples(76.8 MPa m^(1/2)).An analysis of crack propagation paths was conducted to investigate the factors contributing to *** primary factor enhancing toughness is the frequent obstruction of cracks by coarseαGB and largeαcolonies in HE ***,the pretty large-angle deflections induced by the superposition effect of coarseαGB and largeαcolonies play a vital of significant *** factors induced the long and tortuous high-energy pathways,which resulted in ultimately improved fracture *** discovered microstructural toughening mechanisms can serve as a reference for future studies involving titanium alloys,offering insights on how to enhance fracture toughness by achieving similar characteristics.

关键词： Direct energy deposition Ti-6Al-4V-1Mo Tensile properties Fracture toughness Crack propagation

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Deformation of Rigid Conjugate Self-dual Galois Representations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1599-1644页

作者： Yi Feng LIU Yi chao TIAN Liang XIAO Wei zhang xin Wen ZHU Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058P.R.China Morningside Center of Mathematics AMSSChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190P.R.China New Cornerstone Lab Beijing International Center for Mathematical ResearchPeking Ui Beijing 100871P.R.China Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge MA 02139United States Department of Mathematics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States

In this article,we study deformations of conjugate self-dual Galois *** study is ***,we prove an R=T type theorem for a conjugate self-dual Galois representation with coefficients in a finite field,satisfying a certain property called ***,we study the rigidity property for the family of residue Galois representations attached to a symmetric power of an elliptic curve,as well as to a regular algebraic conjugate self-dual cuspidal representation.

关键词： Galois deformation rigid conjugate self-dual Galois representations

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Significant effect of ordered micro-domain on cell boundary phase distribution and demagnetization curve squareness of Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnet

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1724-1735页

作者： Zhuang Liu Hai-Chen Wu chao-Yue zhang chao-Qun Zhu Guo-xin Chen Huan-Ming Lu Ren-Jie Chen Aru Yan CISRI&NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Analytical Center Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo315201China

Cu-rich cell boundary phase is difficult to precipitate evenly,resulting in a generally poor demagnetization curve squareness for Fe-rich Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnet,which is a key factor limiting the further improvement of magnetic energy *** this study,we report that nanoscale strip-like ordered micro-domains distributed in1:7H disordered matrix phase of the solid solution precursor is a new factor significantly affecting the precipitation and distribution of the cell boundary *** strip-like and continuous micro-twin structure with twin boundaries neatly perpendicular to the C-axis is observed after sintering *** solution treatment,sequential and long strip-like micro-twins gradually transform into disordered state along the basal plane,forming narrow disordered 1:7H(TbCu_(7)-type structure)phase between the separated strip-like ordered *** disordering transformation takes place via broken down of the long strip-like ordered micro-domains,which is accomplished by narrowing along the width direction followed by reduction of the ***,a new model revealing the effect of the ordered micro-domains on the formation of the cell boundary phase is *** boundaries enriched in Cu have already existed in the precursor with long strip-like ordered ***,the Cu-rich cell boundary phase acting as strong pinning centers cannot be precipitated homogeneously and distributed continuously after aging,resulting in a poor demagnetization curve squareness of Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type *** results indicate that significant broken down of the nanoscale ordered micro-domains in solution precursor is the key factor improving the distribution of cell boundary phase in Sm_(2)Co_(17)-type magnets.

关键词： Sm_(2)Co_(17) magnets Solution precursor Ordered micro-domains Disordering transformation Cellular structure

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