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Molecular features of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma: A comparative analysis with lung neuroendocrine carcinoma and digestive adenocarcinomas

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第1期36卷 90-102页

作者： Jianwei Zhang Hanxiao Chen Junli Zhang Sha Wang Yanfang Guan Wenguang Gu Jie Li Xiaotian Zhang Jian Li xicheng Wang Zhihao lu Jun Zhou Zhi Peng Yu Sun Yang Shao Lin Shen Minglei Zhuo Ming lu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of Gastrointestinal OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Department of Radiation Therapy National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhen 518172China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department I of Thoracic OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Medical Department Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc.Nanjing 210061China Geneplus-Beijing Beijing 102200China State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational ResearchDepartment of Gastrointestinal OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of PathologyPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China

Objective: There is an ongoing debate about whether the management of gastroenteropancreatic(GEP)neuroendocrine carcinoma(NEC) should follow the guidelines of small-cell lung cancer(SCLC). We aim to identify the genetic differences of GEPNEC and its counterpart.Methods: We recruited GEPNEC patients as the main cohort, with lung NEC and digestive adenocarcinomas as comparative cohorts. All patients undergone next-generation sequencing(NGS). Different gene alterations were compared and analyzed between GEPNEC and lung NEC(LNEC), GEPNEC and adenocarcinoma to yield the remarkable genes.Results: We recruited 257 patients, including 99 GEPNEC, 57 LNEC, and 101 digestive adenocarcinomas.Among the mutations, KRAS, RB1, TERT, IL7R, and CTNNB1 were found to have different gene alterations between GEPNEC and LNEC samples. Specific genes for each site were revealed: gastric NEC(TERT amplification),colorectal NEC(KRAS mutation), and bile tract NEC(ARID1A mutation). The gene disparities between small-cell NEC(SCNEC) and large-cell NEC(LCNEC) were KEAP1 and CDH1. Digestive adenocarcinoma was also compared with GEPNEC and suggested RB1, APC, and KRAS as significant genes. The TP53/RB1 mutation pattern was associated with first-line effectiveness. Putative targetable genes and biomarkers in GEPNEC were identified in22.2% of the patients, and they had longer progression-free survival(PFS) upon targetable treatment [12.5 months vs. 3.0 months, HR=0.40(0.21-0.75), P=0.006].Conclusions: This work demonstrated striking gene distinctions in GEPNEC compared with LNEC and adenocarcinoma and their clinical utility.

关键词： Neuroendocrine carcinoma gastroenteropancreatic lung genetic alterations molecular markers

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Decoupled Two-Phase Framework for Class-Incremental Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第5期28卷 976-987页

作者： Yifan Chen Zhen Huang Minghao Hu Dongsheng Li Changjian Wang Feng Liu xicheng lu College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Information Research Center of Military Science PLA Academy of Military ScienceBeijing 100091China

Class-Incremental Few-Shot Named Entity Recognition(CIFNER)aims to identify entity categories that have appeared with only a few newly added(novel)class examples.However,existing class-incremental methods typically introduce new parameters to adapt to new classes and treat all information equally,resulting in poor generalization.Meanwhile,few-shot methods necessitate samples for all observed classes,making them difficult to transfer into a class-incremental setting.Thus,a decoupled two-phase framework method for the CIFNER task is proposed to address the above issues.The whole task is converted to two separate tasks named Entity Span Detection(ESD)and Entity Class Discrimination(ECD)that leverage parameter-cloning and label-fusion to learn different levels of knowledge separately,such as class-generic knowledge and class-specific knowledge.Moreover,different variants,such as the Conditional Random Field-based(CRF-based),word-pair-based methods in ESD module,and add-based,Natural Language Inference-based(NLI-based)and prompt-based methods in ECD module,are investigated to demonstrate the generalizability of the decoupled framework.Extensive experiments on the three Named Entity Recognition(NER)datasets reveal that our method achieves the state-of-the-art performance in the CIFNER setting.

关键词： named entity recognition deep learning class-incremental learning few-shot learning

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Helicobacter pylori and immunotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 51-60页

作者： Keren Jia Yang Chen Yi Xie xicheng Wang Yajie Hu Yu Sun Yanshuo Cao Liyan Zhang Yakun Wang Zhenghang Wang Zhihao lu Jian Li Xiaotian Zhang Lin Shen Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of Gastrointestinal OncologyPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Department of PathologyPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal(GI)cancers;however,its impact on immunotherapy for GI cancers remains uncertain.In this study,we included 10,122 patients who underwent ^(13)C-urea breath tests.Among 636 patients with Epstein-Barr virus–negative microsatellite-stable gastric cancer(GC)who were treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy,H.pylori–positive patients exhibited significantly longer immune-related progression-free survival(irPFS)compared with H.pylori–negative patients(6.97 months versus 5.03 months,p<0.001,hazard ratio[HR]0.76,95%confidence interval[CI]0.62–0.95,p=0.015).Moreover,the H.pylori–positive group demonstrated a trend of 4 months longer median immune-related overall survival(irOS)than the H.pylori–negative group.H.pylori–positive GC displayed higher densities of PD-L1+cells and nonexhausted CD8+T cells,indicative of a“hot”tumor microenvironment.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that H.pylori–positive GC shared molecular characteristics similar to those of immunotherapy-sensitive GC.However,H.pylori–positive patients with DNA mismatch repair–deficient(dMMR)/microsatellite instability–high(MSI-H)colorectal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)had shorter irPFS compared with H.pylori–negative patients(16.13 months versus not reached,p=0.042,HR 2.26,95%CI 1.13–4.50,p=0.021 and 5.57 months versus 6.97 months,p=0.029,HR 1.59,95%CI 1.14–2.23,p=0.006,respectively).The difference in irOS between H.pylori–positive and–negative patients had the same trend as that between dMMR/MSI-H colorectal adenocarcinoma and ESCC patients.We also identified a trend of shorter irPFS and irOS in H.pylori–positive liver cancer and pancreatic cancer patients.In summary,our findings supported that H.pylori infection is a beneficial factor for GC immunotherapy by shaping hot tumor microenvironments.However,in dMMR/MSI-H colorectal adenocarcinoma and ESCC patients,H.pylori adversely affects the efficacy of immunotherapy.

关键词： immunotherapy gastrointestinal pylori

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Efficient Multi-Tenant Virtual Machine Allocation in Cloud Data Centers

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2015年第1期20卷 81-89页

作者： Jiaxin Li Dongsheng Li Yuming Ye xicheng lu the National Key Laboratory of Parallel and Distributed Processing (PDL) College of Computer National University of Defense Technology

Virtual Machine（VM） allocation for multiple tenants is an important and challenging problem to provide efficient infrastructure services in cloud data centers. Tenants run applications on their allocated VMs, and the network distance between a tenant＇s VMs may considerably impact the tenant＇s Quality of Service（Qo S）. In this study, we define and formulate the multi-tenant VM allocation problem in cloud data centers, considering the VM requirements of different tenants, and introducing the allocation goal of minimizing the sum of the VMs＇ network diameters of all tenants. Then, we propose a Layered Progressive resource allocation algorithm for multi-tenant cloud data centers based on the Multiple Knapsack Problem（LP-MKP）. The LP-MKP algorithm uses a multi-stage layered progressive method for multi-tenant VM allocation and efficiently handles unprocessed tenants at each stage. This reduces resource fragmentation in cloud data centers, decreases the differences in the Qo S among tenants, and improves tenants＇ overall Qo S in cloud data centers. We perform experiments to evaluate the LP-MKP algorithm and demonstrate that it can provide significant gains over other allocation algorithms.

关键词： virtual machine allocation cloud data center multiple tenants multiple knapsack problem

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Adaptive Linearized Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers for Non-Convex Compositely Regularized Optimization Problems

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2017年第3期22卷 328-341页

作者： Linbo Qiao Bofeng Zhang xicheng lu Jinshu Su College of Computer National University of Defense Technologyand National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed ProcessingNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

We consider a wide range of non-convex regularized minimization problems, where the non-convex regularization term is composite with a linear function engaged in sparse learning. Recent theoretical investigations have demonstrated their superiority over their convex counterparts. The computational challenge lies in the fact that the proximal mapping associated with non-convex regularization is not easily obtained due to the imposed linear composition. Fortunately, the problem structure allows one to introduce an auxiliary variable and reformulate it as an optimization problem with linear constraints, which can be solved using the Linearized Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers （LADMM）. Despite the success of LADMM in practice, it remains unknown whether LADMM is convergent in solving such non-convex compositely regularized optimizations. In this research, we first present a detailed convergence analysis of the LADMM algorithm for solving a non-convex compositely regularized optimization problem with a large class of non-convex penalties. Furthermore, we propose an Adaptive LADMM （AdaLADMM） algorithm with a line-search criterion. Experimental results on different genres of datasets validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： adaptive linearized alternating direction method of multipliers non-convex compositely regularizedoptimization cappled-ll regularized logistic regression

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In situ plasmonic & electrochemical fiber-optic sensor for multi-metal-ions detection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 292-302页

作者： Xiaoling PENG Zhiyong YANG Bo PENG Zhi LI Zhicong REN xicheng WANG Jiahai LI Zhencheng LI Liang CHEN Daotong YOU Kaiwei LI Jianqing LI Tuan GUO Institute of Photonics Technology Jinan University School of Computer Science and Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan University Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University

High precision and high throughput detection of heavy metal ions is essential for water quality monitoring and assessment.Herein,we propose a plasmonic & electrochemical dual-mode fiber sensing probe for label-free and real-time detection of multiple ions(Pb2+and Cu2+as examples).This sensor comprises a multimode fiber-single mode fiber reflection probe,the outer surface of which is coated with a gold nanofilm to excite the surface plasmon resonance(SPR) optically and simultaneously serves as an electrochemical working electrode.In traditional electrochemical detection,the enrichment of ions cannot be detected in real-time.However,by utilizing the plasmonic & electrochemical dual-mode detection method,various kinds of metal ions can be deposited onto the gold nanofilm and selectively oxidized during forward potential scanning,and the entire electrochemical process can be monitored by SPR measurement.We experimentally demonstrate that the sensor can simultaneously detect Pb2+and Cu2+in a mixed solution in real-time,providing a linear response over the ion concentration range from 10-12to 10-7M and offering an excellent detection limit(1.69×10-14–5.49×10-13M).The proposed dual-mode fiber sensor has the benefits of remote sensing,compact footprint,and cost-effectiveness and shows excellent potential for water quality risk management in difficult-to-reach environments.

关键词： optical fiber sensor surface plasmon resonance electrochemical measurement ions detection water pollution

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Multi-Owner Keyword Search over Shared Data without Secure Channels in the Cloud

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China Communications 2017年第5期14卷 124-133页

作者： Yilun Wu xicheng lu Jinshu Su Peixin Chen Xiaofeng Wang Bofeng Zhang College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing National University of Defense TechnologyCbangsba 410073China

Searchable encryption allows cloud users to outsource the massive encrypted data to the remote cloud and to search over the data without revealing the sensitive information. Many schemes have been proposed to support the keyword search in a public cloud. However,they have some potential limitations. First,most of the existing schemes only consider the scenario with the single data owner. Second,they need secure channels to guarantee the secure transmission of secret keys from the data owner to data users. Third,in some schemes,the data owner should be online to help data users when data users intend to perform the search,which is inconvenient.In this paper,we propose a novel searchable scheme which supports the multi-owner keyword search without secure channels. More than that,our scheme is a non-interactive solution,in which all the users only need to communicate with the cloud server. Furthermore,the analysis proves that our scheme can guarantee the security even without secure channels. Unlike most existing public key encryption based searchable schemes,we evaluate the performance of our scheme,which shows that our scheme is practical.

关键词：关键字搜索安全通道共享数据加密数据敏感信息安全传输联机帮助非交互式

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发动机用SCM435钢的组织与疲劳性能

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金属热处理 2024年第3期49卷 159-163页

作者：江畅陆恒昌韦习成董瀚上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海200444 上海大学(浙江)高端装备基础件材料研究院浙江嘉善314113

采用SEM、TEM以及拉伸测试等研究SCM435钢在870℃淬火、350~650℃回火后的组织和力学性能。结果表明,回火温度为350℃时,其组织是板条马氏体及少量碳化物;随着回火温度的升高,马氏体的板条形态逐渐消失,碳化物沿板条方向析出长大,其中52... 详细信息

采用SEM、TEM以及拉伸测试等研究SCM435钢在870℃淬火、350~650℃回火后的组织和力学性能。结果表明,回火温度为350℃时,其组织是板条马氏体及少量碳化物;随着回火温度的升高,马氏体的板条形态逐渐消失,碳化物沿板条方向析出长大,其中525℃回火后的组织尚有明显的马氏体板条形态并弥散分布着短棒状渗碳体。在试验回火温度范围内调控SCM435钢的力学性能,可以满足8.8~12.9级紧固件的力学性能要求。试验验证了870℃淬火+525℃回火钢的疲劳性能,中值疲劳极限σa50为425 MPa,具有较好的疲劳性能。

关键词： SCM435钢回火温度微观组织力学性能疲劳性能

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上转换发光纳米材料对钙钛矿太阳能电池迟滞效应和离子迁移动力学的影响

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无机材料学报 2024年第4期39卷 359-366,I0001,I0002页

作者：于嫚高荣耀秦玉军艾希成西安航空学院材料工程学院西安710077 中国人民大学化学系北京100872

迟滞效应是影响钙钛矿太阳能电池性能和稳定性的重要问题,离子迁移和由此产生的界面离子积累是引起迟滞效应最重要的原因之一。本研究采用上转换发光纳米材料(Upconversion luminescent Nanoparticles,UCNP)修饰电子传输层/钙钛矿活性... 详细信息

迟滞效应是影响钙钛矿太阳能电池性能和稳定性的重要问题,离子迁移和由此产生的界面离子积累是引起迟滞效应最重要的原因之一。本研究采用上转换发光纳米材料(Upconversion luminescent Nanoparticles,UCNP)修饰电子传输层/钙钛矿活性层的界面及本征钙钛矿活性层,系统探究了UCNP对钙钛矿的形貌、结构、光谱/光电性能和离子迁移动力学的影响。结果表明:钙钛矿活性层经过UCNP修饰后器件的光电转换效率(Power Conversion Efficiency,PCE)最佳(16.27%),而且迟滞因子(Hysteresis Factor,HF)得到显著改善(0.05)。进一步采用回路切换瞬态光电技术系统探究了钙钛矿太阳能电池不受光生载流子干扰的离子迁移动力学过程,证明UCNP在光电转换过程中起到抑制离子累积和迁移的双重作用:一方面UCNP可以形成阻隔层,阻碍离子累积;另一方面,UCNP可以在退火过程中进入到钙钛矿体相晶界处,阻碍离子迁移,使恢复电压从0.43 V降低到0.28 V。极化诱导缺陷态模型解释了离子-载流子相互作用机制,阐释了UCNP抑制钙钛矿光伏器件迟滞效应的机理。本研究可以为调控钙钛矿太阳能电池迟滞提供一种有效的解决方案。

关键词：上转换发光纳米材料钙钛矿太阳能电池迟滞效应离子迁移

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枪管用环保镀层摩擦行为研究

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兵工学报 2024年第2期45卷 651-661页

作者：徐京胡春东陆恒昌邓亚辉薛钧韦习成董瀚上海大学材料科学与工程学院上海200444 中国兵器工业第208研究所北京102202

传统枪管内膛表面采用的六价铬镀层,高温耐磨性好,但对环境污染严重。为开发环保镀层,采用超景深三维显微镜、扫描电子显微镜表征了室温和高温(400℃)摩擦磨损试样,对比分析了六价铬、三价铬、钴-镍和镍-钨四种电镀层的磨损特征。研究... 详细信息

传统枪管内膛表面采用的六价铬镀层,高温耐磨性好,但对环境污染严重。为开发环保镀层,采用超景深三维显微镜、扫描电子显微镜表征了室温和高温(400℃)摩擦磨损试样,对比分析了六价铬、三价铬、钴-镍和镍-钨四种电镀层的磨损特征。研究结果表明:在500℃定性回火后,三价铬、镍-钨、六价铬和钴-镍镀层硬度依次递减,与六价铬层相比,三价铬层脆性大,镍-钨和钴-镍镀层韧性高;室温下与H62黄铜对摩后,六价铬和三价铬镀层摩擦程度较轻,钴-镍和镍-钨镀层呈现明显粘着特征,二者摩擦系数高于两种铬层;400℃下与08Al钢对摩后,六价铬呈粘着磨损特征,摩擦程度较大;三价铬层摩擦系数相对较高;镍-钨镀层呈磨粒磨损特征,摩擦系数与六价铬接近,摩擦程度相对较轻。

关键词：枪管电镀层磨损摩擦系数高温摩擦

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