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Lysozyme inhibits postharvest physiological deterioration of cassava

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第3期64卷 621-624页

作者： xiaoyun wu Jia Xu Qiuxiang Ma Sulaiman Ahmed Xinlu Lu Erjun Ling Peng Zhang National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academyof ScienceShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of ScienceShanghai 200032Chin

After harvest,cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz)storage roots undergo rapid postharvest physiological deterioration,producing blue-brown discoloration in the vasculature due to the production of polyphenolics(mainly quinonesand coumarins)by enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase(PPO).Here,we report the application of hen egg-white lysozyme(HEWL),a natural PPO inhibitor,in transgenic cassava to repress the symptoms of postharvest physiological deterioration.The HEWL-expressing transgenic plants had lower levels of the two main cassava coumarins tested,scopoletin and scopolin,compared with wild type.HEWL-expressing cassava also showed increased tolerance of oxidative stress.Overall,the lysozyme-PPO system proved to be functional in plants for repressing PPO-mediated commercial product browning.

关键词： cassava inhibitor lysozyme polyphenol oxidase post-harvest physiological deterioration

Systematic functional analysis and potential application of a serine protease from cold-adapted Planococcus bacterium

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1751-1761页

作者： Weijun Leng xiaoyun wu Xianghui Qi Hongying Liu Li Yuan Ruichang Gao School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Ocean College of Hebei Agriculture University Qinhuangdao 066000China

In this study, a gene encoding serine protease(PmSpr288)from cold-adapted bacterium, namely Planococcus maritimus XJ11, was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that PmSpr288 belongs to serine protease S8 superfamily with a classical catalytic triad comprised by the Asp49, His86 and Ser251. Moreover, PmSpr288 was found to be active over broad alkaline pH and low-moderate temperature, and exhibited wide range of protein substrate specificity. In addition, PmSpr288 was able to hydrolyze the meat proteins actin and myosin, and molecular docking results suggested that the crucial interaction between PmSpr288 and actin/myosin complexes was mainly occupied by hydrogen bonds. The muscle protein hydrolysates of silver carp prepared by PmSpr288 was shown to have antioxidant activity via DPPH radical scavenging assay, which presented an IC_(50) valve of 1.309 mg/mL. In conclusion, these characteristics imply that PmSpr288 has potential biotechnological application prospect for the production of bioactive peptides.

关键词： Protease Silver carp Protein hydrolysates Molecular docking Bioactive peptides

A complete MAP kinase cascade controls hyphopodium formation and virulence of Verticillium dahliae

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aBIOTECH 2023年第2期4卷 97-107页

作者： Ziqin Ye Jun Qin Yu Wang Jinghan Zhang xiaoyun wu Xiangguo Li Lifan Sun Jie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China School of Life Sciences Hebei UniversityBaoding710023China College of Agronomy Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu030801China

Phytopathogens develop specialized infection-related structures to penetrate plant cells during infection.Different from phytopathogens that form appressoria or haustoria,the soil-borne root-infecting fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae forms hyphopodia during infection,which further differentiate into penetration pegs to promote infection.The molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of hyphopodium formation in V.dahliae remain poorly characterized.Mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)are highly conserved cytoplasmic kinases that regulate diverse biological processes in eukaryotes.Here we found that deletion of VdKss1,out of the five MAPKs encoded by V.dahliae,significantly impaired V.dahliae hyphopodium formation,in vitro penetration,and pathogenicity in cotton plants.Constitutive activation of MAPK kinase(MAPKK)VdSte7 and MAPK kinase kinase(MAPKKK)VdSte11 specifically activate VdKss1.Deletion of VdSte7 or VdSte11 resulted in a phenotype similar to that of the mutant with VdKss1 deletion.Thus,this study demonstrates that VdSte11-VdSte7-VdKss1 is a core MAPK cascade that regulates hyphopodium formation and pathogenicity in V.dahliae.

关键词： Verticillium MAPK Hyphopodium Pathogenicity

包含有界切换增益的空间惯性传感器输出调节积分模型参考自适应控制

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中国科学：技术科学 2024年第3期54卷 490-500页

作者：孙笑云吴树范沈强上海交通大学航空航天学院上海200240 上海市引力波探测前沿科学研究基地上海200240

基于输出调节的多变量模型参考自适应控制(model reference adaptive control,MRAC)用于解决系统状态不可直接获取时,多变量系统向参考系统的稳定输出跟踪问题.在空间引力波探测航天器内部惯性传感器静电悬浮控制中,考虑到其作为航天器... 详细信息

基于输出调节的多变量模型参考自适应控制(model reference adaptive control,MRAC)用于解决系统状态不可直接获取时,多变量系统向参考系统的稳定输出跟踪问题.在空间引力波探测航天器内部惯性传感器静电悬浮控制中,考虑到其作为航天器平台惯性基准的稳定需求,双质量块动力学中存在的不连续干扰影响,以及应对不同工作模式的瞬态切换,提出一种基于积分输出调节MRAC的静电悬浮控制方案,引入有界的切换自适应校正增益及自适应积分修正项,用于系统不连续情况下的抗输入饱和、瞬态抑制及惯性传感器非敏感轴各自由度向参考状态的稳定逼近.基于Filippov集与广义梯度的Lyapunov分析验证该方案下,不连续系统中各闭环信号的收敛性,数值仿真验证样例空间引力波探测航天器中,作为关键载荷的双质量块空间惯性传感器各非敏感轴自由度针对位移噪声及残余加速度及切换瞬态的良好抑制效果.

关键词：静电悬浮控制空间引力波探测惯性传感器模型参考自适应控制不连续系统有界切换增益

基于改进Kinky Inference的输出调节自适应无拖曳控制

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北京航空航天大学学报 2024年第5期50卷 1604-1613页

作者：孙笑云沈强吴树范上海市引力波探测前沿科学研究基地上海200240 上海交通大学航空航天学院上海200240

在空间引力波探测任务中,航天器内部检验质量因存在载荷硬件噪声、环境噪声及微推力器耦合噪声等复杂干扰,影响其无拖曳控制精度,难以实现超净、超稳控制需求。提出一种基于惰性适配Lipschitz常数Kinky Inference (LACKI)的航天器自适... 详细信息

在空间引力波探测任务中,航天器内部检验质量因存在载荷硬件噪声、环境噪声及微推力器耦合噪声等复杂干扰,影响其无拖曳控制精度,难以实现超净、超稳控制需求。提出一种基于惰性适配Lipschitz常数Kinky Inference (LACKI)的航天器自适应无拖曳控制方法,运用监督学习规则实现先验知识不足、样本数据存在损坏时外界干扰的逼近和抑制,及基于输出调节的模型参考自适应控制(MRAC)方法实现检验质量精确的无拖曳控制。数值仿真验证了无拖曳控制中敏感轴平动和转动自由度的状态响应性能及LACKI规则针对外界干扰的估计效果,通过与常规线性控制方法的对比,验证了所提方法对于提高无拖曳控制精度的有效性。

关键词：监督学习 Lipschitz估计模型参考自适应控制无拖曳控制输出调节 Kinky Inference

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产房内胎盘输血联合呼吸支持的研究进展

中华围产医学杂志 2024年第5期27卷 432-435页

作者：吴艳钟晓云重庆市妇幼保健院(重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院)儿一科重庆401147

新生儿特别是极早产儿或发生窒息的新生儿生后需要胎盘输血维持血压稳定和呼吸支持维持肺部扩张。临床实践中常先行延迟脐带结扎,断脐后再给予呼吸支持。但延长呼吸支持开始时间存在一定的风险,因此现已有临床相关研究开展胎盘输血同时... 详细信息

新生儿特别是极早产儿或发生窒息的新生儿生后需要胎盘输血维持血压稳定和呼吸支持维持肺部扩张。临床实践中常先行延迟脐带结扎,断脐后再给予呼吸支持。但延长呼吸支持开始时间存在一定的风险,因此现已有临床相关研究开展胎盘输血同时呼吸支持。本文就胎盘输血联合呼吸支持的生理基础、不同实施形式和对新生儿的影响进行综述。

关键词：延迟脐带结扎宫外胎盘输血呼吸支持

Turnip mosaic virus manipulates DRM2 expression to regulate host CHH and CHG methylation for robust infection

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Stress Biology 2022年第1期2卷 328-338页

作者： xiaoyun wu Mengzhu Chai Jiahui Liu Xue Jiang Yingshuai Yang Yushuang Guo Yong Li Xiaofei Cheng Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region of Chinese Education MinistryCollege of AgricultureNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030HeilongjiangChina Key Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Guizhou Academy of Tobacco ScienceGuiyang 550081China College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030HeilongjiangChina

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic marker for the suppression of transposable elements(TEs)and the regu-lation of plant immunity.However,little is known how RNA viruses counter defense such antiviral machinery.In this study,the change of DNA methylation in turnip mosaic virus(TuMV)-infected cells was analyzed by whole genome bisulfite sequencing.Results showed that the total number of methylated sites of CHH and CHG increased in TuMV-infected cells,the majority of differentially methylated regions(DMRs)in the CHH and CHG contexts were associated with hypermethylation.Gene expression analysis showed that the expression of two methylases(DRM2 and CMT3)and three demethylases(ROS3,DML2,DML3)was significantly increased and decreased in TuMV-infected cells,respec-tively.Pathogenicity tests showed that the enhanced resistance to TuMV of the loss-of-function mutant of DRM2 is associated with unregulated expression of several defense-related genes.Finally,we found TuMV-encoded NIb,the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase,was able to induce the expression of DRM2.In conclusion,this study discov-ered that TuMV can modulate host DNA methylation by regulating the expression of DRM2 to promote virus infection.

关键词： Counter defense DRM2 Hypermethylation RNA-directed DNA methylation Turnip mosaic virus

Storage, form, and influencing factors of karst inorganic carbon in a carbonate area in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 725-739页

作者： Chaochao DU Xiaoyong BAI Yangbing LI Qiu TAN Cuiwei ZHAO Guangjie LUO Luhua wu Fei CHEN Chaojun LI Chen RAN Sirui ZHANG Lian XIONG Fengjiao SONG Biqin XIAO Zilin LI Yingying XUE Mingkang LONG Qing LUO xiaoyun ZHANG Minghui LI Xiaoqian SHEN Shu YANG State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China School of Geography and Environmental Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi'an 710061China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed Guizhou Normal CollegeGuiyang 550018China College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sinks reduce the rate of increase of the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and global warming. However, uncertainty still exists in the estimation results of carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sink fluxes(CCSF), and the contributions of climate change and ecological restoration to the CCSF are not clear. To this end, we compiled published site data on ion concentrations in different watersheds in China and used a classical thermodynamic dissolution model to reassess the potential and spatial and temporal patterns of the CCSF in China from 1991 to 2020. We quantified the contributions of temperature(MAT), precipitation(MAP), evapotranspiration(ET), soil water(SM), and the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) to the CCSF. The results revealed that(1) China's CCSF was 22.76 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1), which was higher than the global average(15.77 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1)). The total carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sink(CCS) was 4772.67×10^(4)t CO_(2), contributing 14.91% of the global CCS through a carbonate rock area of 252.98×10^(4)km^(-2).(2) China's CCSF decreased gradually from southeast to northwest, with values of 33.14, 12.93, and7.27 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1)in the southern karst, Qinghai-Tibetan karst, and northern karst regions, respectively.(3) The overall CCSF in China exhibited an increasing trend from 1991 to 2020, with a rate of increase of 0.16 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1).(4) The contributions of the MAP, MAT, ET, SM, and NDVI to the CCSF were 63.3%, 3.02%, 27.5%, 3.1%, and 3.05%, respectively. Among them, the increase in precipitation was the main contributor to the increase in the CCSF in China over the last 30 years, while the enhancement of ET offset part of the positive contribution of the increase in precipitation to the CCSF. In conclusion, the results of this study provide a systematic quantification of the magnitude, the patterns, and the influencing factors of CCS over a long time series in China. The results are of great significance an

关键词： Carbonate rocks Carbon sinks Patterns Influencing factors Thermodynamic dissolution modeling

Efficient inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 emerging EG.5,EG.5.1 and BA.2.86 variants by fusion inhibitor HY3000 peptide

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hLife

hLife 2024年第1期2卷 43-46页

作者： Lili wu Anqi Zheng Yangming Tang xiaoyun Wang Yue Gao Wenwen Lei Guizhen wu Qihui Wang George Fu Gao CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Hybio Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.GuangdongChina College of Life Science Hebei UniversityHebeiChina NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention BeijingChina

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)continues to pose a significant threat to the world,as it continually evolves and gives rise to multiple variants and sub-variants.Recently,the Omicron EG.5 linage,which was first detected in Indonesia on 17 February 2023,has raised concerns due to its increased prevalence and extended immune escape properties,according to the risk analysis by the World Health Organization(WHO)[1].As of 3 October 2023,EG.5 and its sub-linages have been reported in 83 countries with shared 49,008 genome sequences in GISAID database(https://***/hcov19-variants/).EG.5 has become the dominant strain in the United States according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC),accounting for 29.4%of SARS-CoV-2 infections(https://covid.***.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions).

关键词： acute respiratory variants