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Direct simulation Monte Carlo study of metal evaporation with collimator in e-beam physical vapor deposition

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第7期28卷 299-304页

作者： xiaoyong lu Junjie Chai Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Research Institute of Physics and Chemical Engineering of Nuclear Industry Tianjin 300180 China

The flow properties and substrate deposition rate profile, which are the important parameters in electron beam physical vapor deposition, are investigated computationally in this *** are used to achieve the desired vapor beam and deposition rate profile in some *** increases the difficulty measuring boundary conditions and the size of the liquid metal pool inside the *** is accordingly hard to obtain accurate results from numerical *** this article, two-dimensional direct simulation Monte Carlo(DSMC) codes are executed to quantify the influence of uncertainties of boundary conditions and pool ***, three-dimensional DSMC simulations are established to simulate cerium and neodymium evaporation with the *** and computational results of substrate deposition rate profile are in excellent agreement at various evaporation rates and substrate *** results show that the DSMC method can assist in metal evaporation with a collimator.

关键词： metal evaporation collimator deposition thickness profile

Enhanced Deep Reinforcement learning Strategy for Energy Management in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles with Entropy Regularization and Prioritized Experience Replay

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Energy Engineering 2024年第12期121卷 3953-3979页

作者： li Wang xiaoyong Wang School of Computer Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science&TechnologyHuainan232001China School of Information Engineering Huainan Union UniversityHuainan232001China

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles(PHEVs)represent an innovative breed of transportation,harnessing diverse power sources for enhanced *** management strategies(EMSs)that coordinate and control different energy sources is a critical component of PHEV control technology,directly impacting overall vehicle *** study proposes an improved deep reinforcement learning(DRl)-based EMSthat optimizes realtime energy allocation and coordinates the operation of multiple power *** DRl algorithms struggle to effectively explore all possible state-action combinations within high-dimensional state and action *** often fail to strike an optimal balance between exploration and exploitation,and their assumption of a static environment limits their ability to adapt to changing ***,these algorithms suffer from low sample ***,these factors contribute to convergence difficulties,low learning efficiency,and *** address these challenges,the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(DDPG)algorithm is enhanced using entropy regularization and a summation tree-based Prioritized Experience Replay(PER)method,aiming to improve exploration performance and learning efficiency from experience ***,the correspondingMarkovDecision Process(MDP)is ***,an EMSbased on the improvedDRlmodel is *** simulation experiments are conducted against rule-based,optimization-based,andDRl-based *** proposed strategy exhibitsminimal deviation fromthe optimal solution obtained by the dynamic programming(DP)strategy that requires global *** the typical driving scenarios based onWorld light Vehicle Test Cycle(WlTC)and New European Driving Cycle(NEDC),the proposed method achieved a fuel consumption of 2698.65 g and an Equivalent Fuel Consumption(EFC)of 2696.77 *** to the DP strategy baseline,the proposed method improved the fuel efficiency variances(FEV)by 18.13%

关键词： Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles deep reinforcement learning energy management strategy deep deterministic policy gradient entropy regularization prioritized experience replay

The Forced Secondary Circulation of the Mei-yu Front

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第7期37卷 766-780页

作者： Zipeng YUAN xiaoyong ZHUGE Yuan WANG School of Atmospheric Sciences and Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather of Ministry of EducationNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China liaoning Provincial Meteorological Information Center Shenyang 110160China

Using National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data for the period 28 June to 12 July during 2001 to2013,the secondary circulation(SC)associated with the mei-yu front was quantitatively diagnosed by numerically solving a primitive version of the Sawyer-Eliassen *** demonstrate that a direct SC exists near the mei-yu front zone during mid-summer and the synoptic-scale geostrophic deformations are the main factors determining SC ***94%of the sinking strength and 61%of the ascending strength in the SC are induced by the geostrophic *** terms,such as diabatic heating,ageostrophic dynamical forcing,and frictional forcing,mainly influence the fine flow pattern of the *** forced SC produces a frontogenesis area tilting to the north with *** diagnosis clarifies the positive feedback involving the geostrophic shear forcing and vorticity frontogenesis in the upper-level mei-yu front ***,statistical results indicate that all 34 deep convection cases that occurred in the warm region of the meiyu front over the period 2004-2013 experienced high-level frontogenesis associated with along-jet cold *** cyclonic shear forcing"moved"the monsoon SC’s subsidence branch to the warm side of the mei-yu front and caused the subsidence branch to extend downwards to the lower troposphere,conducive to the initiation of deep convection in the warm region of the mei-yu front.

关键词： forcing subsidence altitude

Application of a ^(137)Cs fingerprinting technique for interpreting responses of sediment deposition of a karst depression to deforestation in the Guizhou Plateau,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第3期54卷 431-437页

作者： ZHANG XinBao BAI xiaoyong lIU XiuMing Key laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China State Key laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Deforestation to reclaim land often triggers severe soil erosion in the Guizhou Karst Plateau. 137Cs dating of the deposited sediments in the karst depression bottom was used to estimate soil losses by surface erosion since deforestation started in 1979 on hillslopes in the Shirenzhai catchment, Puding County, Guizhou Province. The catchment has a drainage area of 0.054 km2. The average 137Cs contents of the top and peak layers in five cores of the depression bottom (with an area of 2652 m2), collected in 2009, were 2.35 and 7.25 Bq kg-1, respectively. The medium depths in the depression (which ranged between 84 cm and 113.5 cm with a mean value of 92.1 cm) showed the presence of sediments deposited in 1979. The total volume and weight of the deposited sediments since 1979 were estimated to be 1965 m3 and 2496 t, respectively. The depression bottom can be treated as a temporary impoundment and its sediment trapping efficiency was estimated to be 0.7. The relevant average soil erosion rate on the hillslopes was 2315 t km-2 yr-1 since 1979. The mean 137Cs inventory of the five cores was 7693 Bq m-2, which was ~10 times the local reference inventory of 782 Bq m-2. The total 137Cs activity of the sediments in the bottom was 20.4×106 Bq, and the relevant 137Cs inventory loss from the hillslopes was 358 Bq m-2 (since 1954), which accounted for 45.8% of the reference inventory. As soil erosion was not severe before and after the period of deforestation and following cultivation in 1979-1990, the erosion rates on the hillslopes could potentially reach 7000 t km-2 yr-1.

关键词： 137Cs fingerprinting technique karst depression sediment deposition deforestation response

Fiber Traction Printing:A 3D Printing Method of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2020年第2期33卷 69-79页

作者： Xin Wang xiaoyong Tian Qin lian Dichen li State Key laboratory of Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Rapid Manufacturing Technology Xi’an 710049China

A novel metal matrix composite freeform fabrication approach,fiber traction printing(FTP),is demonstrated through controlling the wetting behavior between fibers and the *** process utilizes the fiber bundle to control the cross-sectional shape of the liquid metal,shaping it from circular to rectangular which is more *** FTP process could resolve manufacturing difficulties in the complex structure of continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix *** printing of the first layer monofilament is discussed in detail,and the effects of the fibrous coating thickness on the mechanical properties and microstructures of the composite are also investigated in this *** composite material prepared by the FTP process has a tensile strength of 235.2 MPa,which is close to that of composites fabricated by conventional *** complex structures are printed to demonstrate the advantages and innovations of this ***,the FTP method is suited to other material systems with good wettability,such as modified carbon fiber,surfactants,and aluminum alloys.

关键词： 3D printing Metal matrix composite Capillarity Continuous carbon fiber

Design of smooth orthogonal wavelets with beautiful structure from 2-band to 4-band

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Science in China(Series F) 2006年第1期49卷 128-136页

作者： PENG lizhong CHU xiaoyong lMAM School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

A complete algorithm to design 4-band orthogonal wavelets with beautiful structure from 2-band orthogonal wavelets is presented. For more smoothness, the conception of transfer vanishing moment is introduced by transplanting the requirements of vanishing moment from the 4-band wavelets to the 2-band ones. Consequently, the design of 4-band orthogonal wavelets with P vanishing moments and beautiful structure from 2-band ones with P transfer vanishing moments is completed.

关键词： transfer vanishing moment 4-band wavelet system beautiful structure.

Unified Analysis and Output Estimation for a Strong Coupling Contactless Slipring System

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第6期9卷 2263-2271页

作者： Guangming He Qianhong Chen xiaoyong Ren Zhiliang Zhang the Jiangsu Key laboratory of New Energy Generation and Power Conversion Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China School of Physics and Electronic Electrical Engineering Huaiyin Normal UniversityHuai’an 223300China

A contactless slipring (CS) system utilizing inductive-power-transfer (IPT) technology is a good candidate for traditional mechanical slipring assemblies. However, suffering from the high harmonic currents in strong coupling CS systems, the output power will deviate from the theoretical values estimated by the fundamental harmonic approximation (FHA) and its extension method, i.e., E-FHA, in which the power is transferred by both the fundamental current and the high order harmonic currents. In order to achieve high precise output estimation, a unified analysis is proposed in this paper. First, “Fundamental-harmonic Double Resonance Phenomenon” is revealed via impedance analysis, to address the nature of the high harmonic currents in strong coupling systems. Then, a unified output current expression owning high precision is derived, and followed by a unified fundamental load impedance. Discussions show that both the output and the fundamental load impedance of FHA, and E-FHA are the special cases of the unified expressions proposed. FHA and E-FHA are precise enough for the loose coupling system, whereas the proposed method is indispensable for the strong coupling system with k>0.4 . Finally, simulations and experimental measurements of a 1.6kW CS system, as well as the comparative studies related to FHA, E-FHA, and the proposed method, are presented, indicating that the proposed method is effective for high precise output estimation.

关键词： Contactless slipring(CS) precise output estimation unified analysis

Geological and Geochemical Constraints on the Newly Discovered Yangchongli Gold Deposit in Tongling Region, lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第6期91卷 2078-2108页

作者： DUAN liu'an GU Huangling YANG xiaoyong CAS Key laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences No.7 Gold Geological Party of CAPF School of City and Environment Hunan University of Technology

The newly discovered Yangchongli gold deposit is a unique independent gold deposit in the Tongling ore-cluster region controlled by the tectonic alteration firstly discovered in the lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt （lYMB）. The host magmatic rocks mainly consist of monzodiorite and K-feldspar granite. The lA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircons dating yielded weighted mean 206pb/23SU ages of 140.7 ± 1.8 Ma and 126.4 ±1.2 Ma for the monzodiorite and K-feldspar granite, respectively. Monzodiorites are enriched in Sr, Ba, Rb, and depleted in Y, Yb with high Sr/Y and la/Yb ratios, similar to the geochemical features of adakite, considered as products of differentiation of mafic magmas originating from lithospheric mantle melt/fluids caused by metasomatism during paleo-Pacific Plate subduction in the Mesozic. In contrast, the compositions of K-feldspar granites are A-type granites, indicating an extensional tectonic background. Gold ores hosted in the fracture zone occurred as quartz vein within cataclastic rock. Sulfur and lead isotopes from pyrites show crust-mantle mixing characteristics. Metal components from strata also took part in the gold mineralization, and resulted from two episodes of magmatism that were probably related to tectonic transition from a compressive to an extensional setting between 140-126 Ma, which led to the Mesozoic large-scale polymetallic mineralization events in eastern China.

关键词： monzodiorites A-type granites U-Pb chronology Yangchongli gold deposits Tongling region lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt

Genesis of tuff interval and its uranium enrichment in Upper Triassic of Ordos Basin, NW China

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Acta Geochimica 2018年第1期37卷 32-46页

作者： Shamim Akhtar Nosheen Sahir xiaoyong Yang CAS Key laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Geology University of the Azad Jammu &KashmirCity Campus School of Engineering and Technology Asian Institute of Technology

Recently measured high gamma ray values in the Yanchang Formation of the Upper Triassic in the Ordos Basin have added an interesting and controversial twist to the study of the formation’s uranium enrichment and *** uranium and thorium contents in the tuffaceous layer cause high gamma ray values in the Yanchang *** studies,major elements,rare earth elements(REEs),and trace elements have been systematically analyzed to determine the composition,geochemical environment,and diagenetic processes of the *** observed color of the tuffaceous layer in the study area varies from yellow to yellowish *** tuff consists of matrix supported with sub-rounded to sub-angular lithic *** lithic fragments probably derived from pre-existing rocks and incorporated into the tuffaceous layer during volcanic ***,plagioclase,and biotite were observed in well to poorly sorted form,in addition to framboidal pyrite and organic *** ratios of SiO_2/Al_2O_3 ranged from 3.277 to 6.105 with an average of *** ratio of TiO_2/Al_2O_3 varied from 0.037 to 0.201 with an average of 0.061,indicating that the sediments of the tuffaceous layer originated from an intermediate *** distribution patterns show sharp negative Eu anomalies,indicating a reducing environment,which is suitable for uranium deposition.A reducing environment was confirmed by black shale in the base of the Yanchang *** black shale has high organic matter content that can take kerogene from mudstone and provide a reducing environment for uranium enrichment in the tuffaceous ***,negative Eu anomalies and the REE patterns indicate a subduction-related volcanic arc environment as the magma source of the tuffaceous *** values of Rb,Ba,and Sr might be the result of fluid phase activities;low values of Hf and Eu indicate the involvement of crustal material during diagenesis of the *** diagrams(Th/Yb vs Ta/Yb,Th/H

关键词： Tuffaceous layer Gamma ray values Uranium enrichment Yanchang Formation Ordos Basin