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Artificial Intelligence Empowering the High-Quality Development of Education:Demands,Visions,and Paths

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Frontiers of Education in China 2023年第1期18卷 1-18页

作者： hu xiaoyong SUN Shuo YANG Wenjie DING Geying School of Information Technology in Education South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China

Under the background of the two-way empowerment of artificial intelligence(AI)and education development,this paper first sorts out the demands for high-quality development of education in China in the new era from the perspectives of educational equity,talent cultivation,and contradiction resolution.Then,it focuses on the vision of AI empowering the high-quality development of education,and points out that AI is spawning new patterns and characteristics from the aspects of students’learning,teachers’development,school construction,home-school cooperation,educational governance,educational evaluation,educational equity,etc.,which has provided important driving force for the high-quality development of education.Finally,the paper proposes the paths of AI empowering high-quality development of education from the aspects of top-level design,educational reform,construction of intelligent education environment,improvement of intelligence education literacy,cultivation of innovative talent,construction of high-quality education resources,response to ethical risks,etc.,to clarify the future direction for the deep integration and development of AI and education.

关键词： artificial intelligence+education high-quality development of education educational equity talent cultivation

Informatization Teaching Research Empowers Teachers toward Clustered Innovation and Practice of High-Quality Development

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Frontiers of Education in China 2023年第2期18卷 159-170页

作者： hu xiaoyong ZENG Xiangyi XU huanyun CAO Yuxing SUN Shuo School of Educational Information Technology South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Special Education Resources Department National Center for Educational TechnologyBeijing 100031China

Teachers are the primary resource of education and an important guarantee for building a high-quality education system.Teaching research is an effective way for teacher professional development.This paper focuses on problems of the failure of traditional teaching research models,unbalanced supply,and inaccurate support,with the core goal of realizing the clustered,synergistic,and high-quality development of teachers,and builds a new form model of three integrations,one focus,and N innovations for regional informatization teaching research with innovative characteristics,a dual coordination mechanism for the clustered high-quality development of teachers,and an accurate support strategy for the comprehensive literacy of teacher informatization teaching research.

关键词： information technology teaching research clustered high-quality developrnent synergistic mechanism accurate support

生成式人工智能教育应用政策比较:共识、差异与实施进路

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中国教育信息化 2024年第6期30卷 3-11页

作者：胡小勇朱敏捷陈孝然邝俭贤华南师范大学教育信息技术学院广东广州510631 华南师范大学物理学院广东广州510006

生成式人工智能教育应用近年来备受瞩目,其强大的生成能力为教育领域注入新的活力。然而,我国关于生成式人工智能教育应用方面的法律法规仍处于空白状态,这无疑对生成式人工智能广泛应用带来了不小挑战。为弥补这一政策空白,运用内容分... 详细信息

生成式人工智能教育应用近年来备受瞩目,其强大的生成能力为教育领域注入新的活力。然而,我国关于生成式人工智能教育应用方面的法律法规仍处于空白状态,这无疑对生成式人工智能广泛应用带来了不小挑战。为弥补这一政策空白,运用内容分析法,对国际上已发布的具有代表性的三项政策,从教师教学、学生学习、教学评价、教学研究、学习辅导和教育管理六个核心维度进行分析。在此基础上,挖掘三项政策的共识、差异,以期为我国生成式人工智能教育应用的政策制定提供借鉴,推动其在教育领域的纵深发展和广度辐射,并提出五条实施进路:一是重塑教育蓝图,法规保障消除潜在隐患;二是强化监管体系,法律监管防范潜在风险;三是聚焦育人目标,不断提高教师数字胜任力;四是提升学生数字素养,落实人本主义理念;五是适配场景与对象,创新应用模式和方法。

关键词：生成式人工智能教育政策内容分析法数字素养监管体系

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All-optical computing based on convolutional neural networks

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2021年第11期4卷 46-54页

作者： Kun Liao Ye Chen Zhongcheng Yu xiaoyong hu Xingyuan Wang Cuicui Lu Hongtao Lin Qingyang Du Juejun hu Qihuang Gong State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics&Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum MatterBeijing Academy of Quantum Information SciencesNano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China College of Mathematics and Physics Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China College of Information Science&Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

The rapid development of information technology has fueled an ever-increasing demand for ultrafast and ultralow-en-ergy-consumption computing.Existing computing instruments are pre-dominantly electronic processors,which use elec-trons as information carriers and possess von Neumann architecture featured by physical separation of storage and pro-cessing.The scaling of computing speed is limited not only by data transfer between memory and processing units,but also by RC delay associated with integrated circuits.Moreover,excessive heating due to Ohmic losses is becoming a severe bottleneck for both speed and power consumption scaling.Using photons as information carriers is a promising alternative.Owing to the weak third-order optical nonlinearity of conventional materials,building integrated photonic com-puting chips under traditional von Neumann architecture has been a challenge.Here,we report a new all-optical comput-ing framework to realize ultrafast and ultralow-energy-consumption all-optical computing based on convolutional neural networks.The device is constructed from cascaded silicon Y-shaped waveguides with side-coupled silicon waveguide segments which we termed“weight modulators”to enable complete phase and amplitude control in each waveguide branch.The generic device concept can be used for equation solving,multifunctional logic operations as well as many other mathematical operations.Multiple computing functions including transcendental equation solvers,multifarious logic gate operators,and half-adders were experimentally demonstrated to validate the all-optical computing performances.The time-of-flight of light through the network structure corresponds to an ultrafast computing time of the order of several picoseconds with an ultralow energy consumption of dozens of femtojoules per bit.Our approach can be further expan-ded to fulfill other complex computing tasks based on non-von Neumann architectures and thus paves a new way for on-chip all-optical computing.

关键词： convolutional neural networks all-optical computing mathematical operations cascaded silicon waveguides

经尿道前列腺铥激光剜切术治疗大体积BPH的疗效分析

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中华泌尿外科杂志 2024年第2期45卷 103-107页

作者：黄建文罗志强曹乃龙王营胡晓勇张炯郭辉宋鲁杰傅强上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院泌尿外科上海200233

目的探讨经尿道前列腺铥激光剜切术(ThuLERP)治疗大体积(>80 ml)良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年12月至2022年1月上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院收治的154例BPH患者的临床资料, 根据手术方式分为ThuLERP组和经尿... 详细信息

目的探讨经尿道前列腺铥激光剜切术(ThuLERP)治疗大体积(>80 ml)良性前列腺增生(BPH)的疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年12月至2022年1月上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院收治的154例BPH患者的临床资料, 根据手术方式分为ThuLERP组和经尿道前列腺铥激光剜除术(ThuLEP)组, 每组均77例。ThuLERP组和ThuLEP组的年龄[(71.3±15.3)岁与(67.5±15.1)岁]、术前最大尿流率(Q_(max))[(9.5±3.5)ml/s与(8.9±2.4)ml/s]、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)[(20.5±3.6)分与(21.7±3.4)分]、生活质量(QOL)评分[(4.6±1.1)分与(4.4±1.5)分]、残余尿量[(124.7±24.3)ml与(130.2±22.4)ml]、前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)[(2.7±1.3)ng/ml与(2.9±1.5)ng/ml]和前列腺体积[(108.1±21.1)ml与(116.0±24.7)ml]比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组均采用"三叶法"进行手术。ThuLERP采用解剖性剜除结合汽化切割的方式进行手术, 在精阜两侧钝性推剥两侧腺体, 寻找外科包膜平面, 首先钝性剜除中叶, 然后分别钝性剜除左、右侧腺体至3点、9点处, 再汽化12点处腺体形成沟槽, 最后分别汽化切割3点至12点间、9点至12点间的左、右侧腺体。ThuLEP组采用解剖性剜除。比较两组的手术效果和术后并发症。结果 ThuLERP组和ThuLEP组的剜除时间[(51.0±11.3)min与(65.4±13.5)min]、手术时间[(62.5±20.4)min与(78.5±19.8)min]比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。所有患者均获得随访, 术后随访6个月。ThuLERP组和ThuLEP组术后IPSS分别为(5.6±2.2)分和(6.7±1.4)分, QOL评分分别为(1.6±0.4)分和(2.1±0.8)分, Q_(max)分别为(27.6±10.2)ml/s和(29.5±14.7)ml/s, 残余尿量分别为(10.3±5.5)ml和(7.9±3.7)ml。与术前比较, 两组均明显改善, 差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。ThuLERP组和ThuLEP组的术后即时尿控率分别为97.4%(75/77)和88.3%(68/77), 差异有统计学意义(PhuLERP治疗大体积BPH的效果与ThuLEP相当, 且能明显缩短手术时间, 并提高即时尿控率。

关键词：良性前列腺增生前列腺剜除术前列腺切除术铥光纤激光疗效

环庆区块长8低阻油层常规测井定性识别方法研究与应用

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石油化工应用 2024年第5期43卷 52-56页

作者：童守强胡小勇蒋映辉王亮胡泊吕炜熊蓓乐玉门油田分公司环庆采油厂甘肃庆阳745700 玉门油田分公司勘探开发研究院甘肃酒泉735019

环庆区块长8发育低阻油层区,低阻油层储层流体纵向分布关系复杂,油、水重力分异弱,储层非均质性和隐蔽性强,储层流体性质判断难,准确识别低阻油层流体性质,对环庆区块下步勘探工作具有极为重要的意义。本文针对低阻油层的特点,通过开展... 详细信息

环庆区块长8发育低阻油层区,低阻油层储层流体纵向分布关系复杂,油、水重力分异弱,储层非均质性和隐蔽性强,储层流体性质判断难,准确识别低阻油层流体性质,对环庆区块下步勘探工作具有极为重要的意义。本文针对低阻油层的特点,通过开展长81低阻油层流体识别方法研究,总结建立了一套适合环庆区块低阻油层的常规测井定性识别方法,提高了测井解释精度和解释符合率。

关键词：低阻油层流体识别方法常规测井定性识别方法解释精度解释符合率

腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术联合保留最大尿道长度和膀胱颈的尿道重建术治疗高危前列腺癌的早期控尿和控瘤效果

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现代泌尿外科杂志 2024年第7期29卷 612-616页

作者：郑坤胡晓勇傅强李望王营曹乃龙陈加生杨冉星上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院泌尿外科上海200233

目的探讨联合施行保留最大尿道长度(MULP)和膀胱颈(BNP)的尿道重建术与腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术(LRP)或机器人辅助腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术(RALP)治疗高危前列腺癌(HRPC)的早期控尿及控瘤效果。方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属第六... 详细信息

目的探讨联合施行保留最大尿道长度(MULP)和膀胱颈(BNP)的尿道重建术与腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术(LRP)或机器人辅助腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术(RALP)治疗高危前列腺癌(HRPC)的早期控尿及控瘤效果。方法回顾性分析上海交通大学医学院附属第六人民医院泌尿外科2022年5月—2024年1月收治的23例HRPC患者的临床资料,所有患者均行LRP(包括RALP),并采用联合MULP和BNP的尿道重建技术。收集并分析患者的术前基线资料包括年龄、身体质量指数、临床T分期、Gleason评分、前列腺重量和体积、前列腺特异性抗原;术中变量包括手术方式、手术时间、术中出血量和术中输血患者数;术后变量包括住院时间、尿管留置时间、切缘阳性数、生化复发数、并发症发生率及术后早期尿控率。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,无中转开放。手术时间(108±31)min,出血量(112±45)mL,无患者术中输血,住院时间(5.5±1.5)d,尿管留置时间(12.6±1.8)d。术后拔除尿管即刻及1、3、6个月的控尿率分别为39.1%、65.2%、73.9%和91.3%。术后2例患者切缘阳性,均为血管神经束切缘。术后无患者出现尿路梗阻或尿瘘等手术相关并发症。结论联合MULP和BNP的尿道重建术在HRPC患者行LRP治疗中可在不增加控瘤风险的前提下,有效提高患者的早期控尿率,改善患者的术后生活质量。

关键词：前列腺癌腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术机器人辅助腹腔镜下前列腺癌根治术尿控最大尿道长度膀胱颈膀胱尿道吻合术尿道重建术

Ultafast organic nonlinear optical molecules and the realization of mesoscopic photonic devices

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第20期55卷 2111-2121页

作者： GONG Qihuang hu xiaoyong YANG Hong WANG ShuFeng State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

In the twentieth century,revolutionary changes took place in the human society and people's life-style due to the improvement of the optoelectronic information technology based on the second-order nonlinear optical effects,such as the electro-optic effect,the second harmonic generation(SHG),and so on.Along with the rapid development of light information technology,new principles and methods of nonlinear optics are needed,and the third-order nonlinear optical effects attract great attention.The research progress of nonlinear optics is reviewed in this article.Our research work on the third-order nonlinear optical materials,ultrafast and low-power organic all-optical photonic crystal switching are introduced.

关键词：有机非线性光学光子器件三阶非线性光学效应二阶非线性光学效应非线性光学材料介观分子技术改进

Overlooked uneven progress across sustainable development goals at the global scale: Challenges and opportunities

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 42-50页

作者： Yali Liu Jianqing Du Yanfen Wang xiaoyong Cui Jichang Dong Pan Gu Yanbin Hao Kai Xue Hongbo Duan Anquan Xia Yi hu Zhi Dong Bingfang Wu Jüurgen P.Kropp Bojie Fu School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of humanities University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810001China School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research 14412 PotsdamGermany Institute for Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam14412 PotsdamGermany State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Differences in progress across sustainable development goals(SDGs)are widespread globally;meanwhile,the rising call for prioritizing specific SDGs may exacerbate such gaps.Nevertheless,how these progress differences would influence global sustainable development has been long neglected.Here,we present the first quantitative assessment of SDGs’progress differences globally by adopting the SDGs progress evenness index.Our results highlight that the uneven progress across SDGs has been a hindrance to sustainable development because(1)it is strongly associated with many public health risks(e.g.,air pollution),social inequalities(e.g.,gender inequality,modern slavery,wealth gap),and a reduction in life expectancy;(2)it is also associated with deforestation and habitat loss in terrestrial and marine ecosystems,increasing the challenges related to biodiversity conservation;(3)most countries with low average SDGs performance show lower progress evenness,which further hinders their fulfillment of SDGs;and(4)many countries with high average SDGs performance also showcase stagnation or even retrogression in progress evenness,which is partly ascribed to the antagonism between climate actions and other goals.These findings highlight that while setting SDGs priorities may be more realistic under the constraints of multiple global stressors,caution must be exercised to avoid new problems from intensifying uneven progress across goals.Moreover,our study reveals that the urgent needs regarding SDGs of different regions seem complementary,emphasizing that regional collaborations(e.g.,demand-oriented carbon trading between SDGs poorly performed and well-performed countries)may promote sustainable development achievements at the global scale.

关键词： globally priori inequality