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A new method to retrieve aerosol optical thickness from satellite images on a parallel system

Particuology 2009年第5期7卷 392-398页

作者： Jianping Guo Huadong Xiao Yong Xue Huizheng Che xiaoye zhang Chunxiang Cao Jie Guang Hao zhang CenterforAtmosphere Watch and Services Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Sciences Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences PO Box 9718 Beijing 100101 China Department of Computing London Metropolitan University 166-220 Holloway Road London N7 8DB UK

A wide variety of algorithms have been developed to monitor aerosol burden from satellite images. Still, few solutions currently allow for real-time and efficient retrieval of aerosol optical thickness （AOT）, mainly due to the extremely large volume of computation necessary for the numeric solution of atmospheric radiative transfer equations. Taking into account the efforts to exploit the SYNergy of Terra and Aqua Modis （SYNTAM, an AOT retrieval algorithm）, we present in this paper a novel method to retrieve AOT from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） satellite images, in which the strategy of block partition and collective communication was taken, thereby maximizing load balance and reducing the overhead time during inter-processor communication. Experiments were carried out to retrieve AOT at 0.44, 0.55, and 0.67μm of MODIS/Terra and MODIS/Aqua data, using the parallel SYNTAM algorithm in the IBM System Cluster 1600 deployed at China Meteorological Administration （CMA）. Results showed that parallel implementation can greatly reduce computation time, and thus ensure high parallel efficiency. AOT derived by parallel algorithm was validated against measurements from ground-based sun-photometers; in all cases, the relative error range was within 20%, which demonstrated that the parallel algorithm was suitable for applications such as air quality monitoring and climate modeling.

关键词： AOT Parallel computation Block partitioning Message Passing Interface (MPI)

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Robust prediction of hourly PM2.5 from meteorological data using LightGBM

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National Science Review 2021年第10期8卷 115-126页

作者： Junting Zhong xiaoye zhang Ke Gui Yaqiang Wang Huizheng Che Xiaojing Shen Lei zhang Yangmei zhang Junying Sun Wenjie zhang State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences School of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences

Retrieving historical fine particulate matter(PM2.5) data is key for evaluating the long-term impacts of PM2.5on the environment, human health and climate change. Satellite-based aerosol optical depth has been used to estimate PM2.5, but estimations have largely been undermined by massive missing values, low sampling frequency and weak predictive capability. Here, using a novel feature engineering approach to incorporate spatial effects from meteorological data, we developed a robust Light GBM model that predicts PM2.5at an unprecedented predictive capacity on hourly（R2= 0.75）, daily（R2= 0.84）, monthly（R2= 0.88） and annual（R2= 0.87） timescales. By taking advantage of spatial features, our model can also construct hourly gridded networks of PM2.5. This capability would be further enhanced if meteorological observations from regional stations were incorporated. Our results show that this model has great potential in reconstructing historical PM2.5datasets and real-time gridded networks at high spatial-temporal resolutions. The resulting datasets can be assimilated into models to produce long-term re-analysis that incorporates interactions between aerosols and physical processes.

关键词： PM2.5 spatial features hourly prediction high accuracy gridded networks

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Chemical Components, Variation, and Source Identification of PM1 during the Heavy Air Pollution Episodes in Beijing in December 2016

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第1期32卷 1-13页

作者： Yangmei zhang Yaqiang WANG xiaoye zhang Xiaojing SHEN Junying SUN Lingyan WU Zhouxiang zhang Haochi CHE State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather/Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

Air pollution is a current global concern. The heavy air pollution episodes（HPEs） in Beijing in December 2016 severely influenced visibility and public health. This study aims to survey the chemical compositions, sources, and formation processes of the HPEs. An aerodyne quadruple aerosol mass spectrometer（Q-AMS） was utilized to measure the non-refractory PM1（NR-PM1） mass concentration and size distributions of the main chemical components including organics, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and chloride in situ during 15–23 December 2016. The NR-PM1 mass concentration was found to increase from 6 to 188 μg m–3 within 5 days. During the most serious polluted episode, the PM1 mass concentration was about 2.6 times that during the first pollution stage and even 40 times that of the clean days. The formation rates of PM2.5 in the five pollution stages were 26, 22, 22, 32, and 67 μg m^（–3） h–1, respectively. Organics and nitrate occupied the largest proportion in the polluted episodes, whereas organics and sulfate dominated the submicron aerosol during the clean days. The size distribution of organics is always broader than those of other species, especially in the clean episodes. The peak sizes of the interested species grew gradually during different HPEs. Aqueous reaction might be important in forming sulfate and chloride, and nitrate was formed via oxidization and condensation processes. PMF（positive matrix factorization） analysis on AMS mass spectra was employed to separate the organics into different subtypes. Two types of secondary organic aerosol with different degrees of oxidation consisted of 43% of total organics. By contrast, primary organics from cooking, coal combustion, and traffic emissions comprised 57% of the organic aerosols during the HPEs.

关键词： heavy pollution PM1 chemical species sources evolution

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COATS:Comprehensive observation on the atmospheric boundary layer three-dimensional structure during haze pollution in the North China Plain

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 939-958页

作者： Qianhui LI Hongsheng zhang xiaoye zhang Xuhui CAI Xipeng JIN Lu zhang Yu SONG Ling KANG Fei HU Tong ZHU Tianjin Key Laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology Tianjin Meteorological Service CenterTianjin Meteorological BureauTianjin 300074China Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The North China Plain(NCP)is troubled by severe haze pollution and the evolution of haze pollution is closely related to the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL).However,experimental and theoretical studies on the physical-chemical processes of the ABL in the NCP are lacking,with many scientific problems to be *** solve these problems,the Comprehensive Observation on the Atmospheric boundary layer Three-dimensional Structure(COATS)during haze pollution was carried out in the NCP from 2016 to *** COATS experiment adopted a"point-line-surface"spatial layout,obtaining both spatial-temporal profiles of the meteorological and environmental elements in the ABL and the turbulent transport data of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))in winter and *** research achievements are as *** spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the ABL structure and PM_(2.5)concentrations in NCP were *** typical thermal structure of persistent heavy haze events and the pollutant removal mechanism by low-level jets were *** was determined that the spatial structure of the ABL adjusted by the Taihang Mountains is responsible for the heterogeneous distribution of haze pollution in the NCP,and that mountain-induced vertical circulations can promote the formation of elevated pollution *** restraints of the atmospheric internal boundaries on horizontal diffusion of pollutants were *** contribution of the ABL to haze pollution in winter and summer was qualitatively compared and quantitatively *** turbulent transport nature behind the relationship between the atmospheric boundary layer height(ABLH)and surface PM_(2.5)concentrations was *** concept of"aerosol accumulation layer"was defined,and the applicability of the material method in determining ABLH was clarified.A measurement system for obtaining the turbulent flux of PM_(2.5)concentrations was developed,and the turbulence characteristics of PM_(2.5)concentrations w

关键词： COATS experiment Haze pollution ABL three-dimensional structure Aerosol accumulation layer Turbulent flux of PM_(2.5)concentrations North China Plain

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Mineralogical characteristics of soil dust from source regions in northern China

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Particuology 2009年第6期7卷 507-512页

作者： Zhenxing Shen Sandrine Caquineau Junji Cao xiaoye zhang Yuemei Han Annie Gaudichet Laurent Gomes Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an China Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement 32 av. H. Varagnat 93143 Bondy cedex France LISA UMR-CNRS-7583 61 av. de Gal de Gaulle. 94010 Creteil France Meteo-France/CNRM URA I357 42 av. G. Coriolis 31057 Toulouse cedex France

Mineral compositions of aerosol particles were investigated at four sites （Aksu, Dunhuang, Zhenbeitai, and Tongliao） in desert regions of northern China from March to May in 2001 and 2002 during the intensive field campaign period of ACE-Asia （Aerosol Characterization Experiments-Asia）. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） results show the main minerals for Asian dust are illite, chlorite, kaolinite, quartz, feldspar, calcite, and dolomite. Gypsum, hornblende, and halite are also detected in several samples. Semi-quantitative mineralogical data of aerosol samples show that carbonate content decreases from western to eastern source areas; that is, soil dust collected at western source area sites of Dunhuang and Aksu are enriched with carbonate, while northeastern source area site of Tongliao is associated with low carbonate content. But the spatial distribution of feldspar exhibits a different pattern as compared to carbonate, increasing from the western to the eastern sources. The total clay content is significantly higher （73% in average） at the deposition site of Changwu than those at source areas. Air-mass back trajectory studies for the three dust storm events observed at Changwu, showed that soil dust transport pathways were as expected from carbonate content for the source identification, further demonstrating that carbonate was a useful tracer for eolian dust on regional scale in northern China.

关键词： Soil dust Mineralogical composition Carbonate Tracer

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Thermal Decomposition and Oxidative Decomposition Mechanism of HFC-134a by Experimental and DFT Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1990-2003页

作者： XU Yunting zhang Kai DAI xiaoye SHI Lin Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In response to the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol and global low-carbon emission environmental requirements,the phase-out and decomposition of numerous HFC refrigerants have become urgent,necessitating efficient and mild decomposition *** study investigates the thermal decomposition and oxidative thermal decomposition pathways of the typical hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant HFC-134a,employing a combination of experimental and quantum chemical DFT simulation *** chemical simulations reveal that the initial reaction bond cleavage serves as the rate-determining step during the thermal decomposition process,with the most easily detectable closed-shell products including CF_(2)=CHF,HF,CH_(3)F,CHF_(3),CH_(2)F_(2),and CF_(4).Reactive oxygen species can significantly reduce the Gibbs free energy barrier for HFC-134a *** achieve efficient degradation of HFC-134a,appropriate catalysts should be developed and selected to increase the level of reactive oxygen species in the reaction *** studies further corroborate that HFC-134a may undergo degradation through distinct reaction pathways under varying temperature(240℃to360℃)and pressure(0.1 MPa to 4.5 MPa)conditions,in agreement with simulation predictions.

关键词： HFC-134a pyrolysis oxidative thermal decomposition DFT refrigerant

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Atmospheric Particle Hygroscopicity and the Influence by Oxidation State of Organic Aerosols in Urban Beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 544-556页

作者： Sinan zhang Xiaojing Shen Junying Sun Yangmei zhang xiaoye zhang Can Xia Xinyao Hu Junting Zhong Jialing Wang Shuo Liu State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

A hygroscopic tandem differentialmobility analyser(H-TDMA)was used to observe the sizeresolved hygroscopic characteristics of submicron particles in January and April 2018 in urban *** probability distribution of the hygroscopic growth factor(HGF-PDF)in winter and spring usually showed a bimodal pattern,with more hygroscopic mode(MH)being more *** seasonal variation in particle hygroscopicity was related to the origin of air mass,which received polluted southerly air masses in spring and clean northwesterly air masses in *** showed stronger hygroscopic behaviour during heavy pollution episodes(HPEs)with elevated concentrations of secondary aerosols,especially higher mass fraction of nitrate,which were indicated using the PM2.5(particulate matter with diameter below 2.5μm)mass concentration normalised by CO mass *** hygroscopic parameter(κ)values were calculated using H-TDMA(κhtdma)and chemical composition(κchem).The closure study showed thatκchem was overestimated in winter afternoon when compared withκhtdma,because the organic particle hygroscopic parameter(κorg)was overestimated in the *** was influenced by the presence of a high concentration of hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol(HOA)with a weak water uptake ability.A positive relationship was observed betweenκorg and the ratio of oxygenated organic aerosol(OOA)and HOA,thereby indicating that the strong oxidation state enhanced the hygroscopicity of the *** study revealed the effect of local emission sources and secondary aerosol formation processes on particle hygroscopicity,which is of great significance for understanding the pollution formation mechanism in the North China Plain.

关键词： H-TDMA Hygroscopic parameter (κ) Organic aerosols Oxidation state Heavy pollution episode (HPE)

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Policy and Management of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality:A Literature Review

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Engineering 2022年第7期8卷 52-63页

作者： Yi-Ming Wei Kaiyuan Chen Jia-Ning Kang Weiming Chen Xiang-Yu Wang xiaoye zhang Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Economics and Environmental Management Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The vision of reaching a carbon peak and achieving carbon neutrality is guiding the low-carbon transition of China’s socioeconomic ***,a research gap remains in the existing literature in terms of studies that systematically identify opportunities to achieve carbon *** address this gap,this study comprehensively collates and investigates 1105 published research studies regarding carbon peaking and carbon *** doing so,the principles of development in this area are quantitively analyzed from a space–time *** the same time,this study traces shifts and alterations in research *** systematic review summarizes the priorities and standpoints of key industries on carbon peaking and carbon ***,with an emphasis on five key management science topics,the scientific concerns and strategic demands for these two carbon emission-reduction goals are *** paper ends with theoretical insights on and practical countermeasures for actions,priority tasks,and policy measures that will enable China to achieve a carbon-neutral *** study provides a complete picture of the research status on carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,as well as the research directions worth investigating in this field,which are crucial to the formulation of carbon peak and carbon neutrality policies.

关键词： Carbon peak Carbon neutrality Systematic review Carbon management

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Effect of aluminium dust on secondary organic aerosol formation in m-xylene/NO_x photo-oxidation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第2期58卷 245-254页

作者： LIU Chang MA QingXin CHU BiWu LIU YongChun HE Hong zhang xiaoye LI JunHua HAO JiMing Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Environment Tsinghua University

As an important anthropogenic volatile organic compound(VOC), m-xylene has attracted numerous attentions due to its potential in secondary organic aerosol(SOA) formation. In this study, effects of aluminium dust seeds(boehmite and alumina) on SOA yield and aerosol size in m-xylene/NOx photo-oxidation were investigated in a 2 m3 smog chamber at 30°C and 50% relative humidity. Compared to the seed-free system, the presence of aluminium seeds resulted in an increase in the SOA yield, and also enhanced the O3 concentration in the chamber. The photolysis of O3 is a major source of OH radical, which is the most important oxidant of m-xylene. The increase in O3 concentration could result in the generation of more OH radicals, and finally contribute to the SOA formation. Seed particles influence the SOA size mainly by acting as condensation nuclei. Semi-volatile organic compounds(SVOCs) were condensed onto these nuclei, resulting in the increase in SOA size. However, when aluminium seeds with high concentrations were introduced into the system, SVOCs that had been condensed onto each particle were dispersed by these seeds, leading to the reduction in aerosol size.

关键词： aerosol xylene chamber aluminium anthropogenic volatile nuclei humidity dispersed oxidant

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Development of an integrating sphere calibration method for Cimel sunphotometers in China aerosol remote sensing network

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Particuology 2014年第2期12卷 88-99页

作者： Ran Tao Huizheng Che Quanliang Chen Yaqiang Wang Junying Sun Xiaochun zhang Sai Lu Jianping Guo Hong Wang xiaoye zhang College of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information Technology Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry(LAC) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS)CMA Meteorological Observation Center CMA

Based on the integrating sphere traced from the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST, USA）, a sphere calibration method and protocol for the China aerosol remote sensing network （CARSNET） Cimel sun photometer was established. Four CE318 sun photometers were verified using the proposed cal- ibration method and operational protocol. The calibration results showed that the instrument coefficients differed by less than 3% for visible （-5% for infrared） wavelengths from the original ones stated by Cimel Electronique. In situ validation experiment data showed that radiances at ±6° measured by sun collimator （aureole） were consistent with those measured by sky collimator （sky）, under both almucantar （ALMUC） and principal plane （PPLAN） scenarios. Differences at all wavelengths were less than 1%, indicating that the method and protocol are suitable for CARSNET field sun photometer calibration, and would benefit improvement of data quality and accuracy of network observations.

关键词： CE318 sunphotometer Integrating sphere CalibrationCARSNET

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