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Host-Induced Gene Silencing of Effector AGLIP1 Enhanced Resistance of Rice to Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 463-474,I0031-I0034页

作者： ZHAO Mei liu xiaoxue WAN Jun ZHOU Erxun SHU Canwei Pesticide State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease ControlCollege of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China College of Life Science and Engineering Henan University of Urban ConstructionPingdingshan 467036China

Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA, is a major disease in rice-growing areas worldwide. Effectors of phytopathogenic fungi play important roles during the infection process of fungal pathogens onto their host plants. However, the molecular mechanisms by which R. solani effectors regulate rice immunity are not well understood. Through prediction, 78 candidate effector molecules were identified. Using the tobacco rattle virus-host induced gene silencing(TRV-HIGS) system, 45 RNAi constructs of effector genes were infiltrated into Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. The results revealed that eight of these constructs resulted in a significant reduction in necrosis caused by infection with the AG1-IA strain GD-118. Additionally, stable rice transformants carrying the double-stranded RNA construct for one of the effector genes, AGLIP1, were generated to further verify the function of this gene. The suppression of the AGLIP1 gene increased the resistance of both N. benthamiana and rice against GD-118, and also affected the growth rate of GD-118, indicating that AGLIP1 is a key pathogenic factor. Small RNA sequencing showed that the HIGS vectors were processed into si RNAs within the plants and then translocated to the fungi, leading to the silencing of the target genes. As a result, AGLIP1 might be an excellent candidate for HIGS, thereby enhancing crop resistance against the pathogen and contributing to the control of R. solani infection.

关键词： Rhizoctonia solani host-induced gene silencing lipase tobacco rattle virus

Recent developments of aprotic lithium-oxygen batteries： functional materials determine the electrochemical performance

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Science Bulletin 2017年第6期62卷 442-452页

作者： Xin Guo Bing Sun Dawei Su xiaoxue liu Hao liu Yong Wang Guoxiu Wang Centre for Clean Energy Technology University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW 2007 Australia Department of Chemical Engineering School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China

Lithium oxygen battery has the highest theoretical capacity among the rechargeable batteries and it can reform energy storage technology if it comes to commercialization. However,many critical challenges,mainly embody as low charge/discharge round-trip efficiency and poor cycling stability,impede the development of Li-O_2 batteries. The electrolyte decomposition,lithium metal anode corrosion and sluggish oxygen reaction kinetics at cathode are all responsible for poor electrochemical ***,the catalytic cathode of Li-O_2 batteries,playing a crucial role to reduce the oxygen during discharging and to decompose discharge products during charging,is regarded as a breakthrough point that has been comprehensive investigated. In this review,the progress and issues of electrolyte,anode and cathode,especially the catalysts used at cathode,are systematically summarized and *** the perspectives toward the developments of a long life Li-O_2 battery are also presented at last.

关键词： Li-O2 battery Lithium metal anode OER/ORR catalyst Hierarchically porous cathode Parasitic reactions

Extraction, Purification, and Characterization of Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Oat Bran

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2021年第5期27卷 385-393页

作者： Yun Guo Khorolgarav Byambasuren xiaoxue liu Xueping Wang Shuang Qiu Yujie Gao Zhanzhong Wang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The dietary fiber in oats is mainly concentrated in the bran;however,the oat bran is mostly used for livestock and poultry feed and thus has a low utilization rate and low added *** this study,insoluble dietary fiber(IDF)was extracted by a combination ofα-amylase and neutral *** optimal extraction conditions of the IDF were obtained by response surface *** material-to-water ratio was 1:12.1,the concentration ofα-amylase was 1.85%,and the hydrolysis time was 39.14 *** purifying the crude fiber with 4%sodium oxide(Na OH),70°C hot water,and anhydrous ethanol,the purity of dietary fiber exceeded 95%.X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the IDF was predominantly *** electron microscopy showed that the IDF surface exhibited a loose porous network ***-transform infrared spectroscopy of the crude IDF showed characteristic absorption peaks at 3626,2929,1667,1538,1455,1242,and1048 cm^(-1),while the infrared spectrum of the purified IDF showed characteristic absorption peaks at 3401,2924,1744,1643,1418,and 1040 cm^(-1),which is consistent with the structure of cellulose *** scanning calorimetry analysis showed that there were three exothermic peaks at 270–310°C,320–350°C,and 440–460°C,which may represent the pyrolysis peaks of hemicellulose,cellulose,and lignin,respectively,indicating that the oat bran IDF had good thermal *** results indicate that the oat bran IDF can be used for the production of dietary fiber products and health-care products.

关键词： Oat bran Insoluble dietary fiber Structure characterization

The electrochemical characteristics of AB_(4)-type rare earth-Mg-Ni-based superlattice structure hydrogen storage alloys for nickel metal hydride battery

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第6期9卷 2039-2048页

作者： Wenfeng Wang xiaoxue liu Lu Zhang Shuang Zhang Wei Guo Yumeng Zhao Hongming zhang Yuan Li Shumin Han State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004PR China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004PR China

Rare earth-Mg-Ni-based alloys with superlattice structures are new generation negative electrode materials for the nickel metal hydride *** them,the novel AB_(4)-type superlattice structure alloy is supposed to have superior cycling stability and rate *** its preparation is hindered by the crucial requirement of temperature and the special composition which is close to the other superlattice ***,we prepare rare earth-Mg-Ni-based alloy and study the phase transformation of alloys to make clear the formation of AB_(4)-type *** is found Pr_(5)Co_(19)-type phase is converted from Ce_(5)Co_(19)-type phase and shows good stability at higher temperature compared to the Ce_(5)Co_(19)-type phase in the range of 930-970℃.Afterwards,with further 5℃increasing,AB_(4)-type superlattice structure forms at a temperature of 975℃by consuming Pr_(5)Co_(19)-type *** contrast with A_(5)B_(19)-type alloy,AB_(4)-type alloy has superior rate capability owing to the dominant advantages of charge transfer and hydrogen ***,AB_(4)-type alloy shows long lifespan whose capacity retention rates are 89.2%at the 100;cycle and 82.8%at the 200;cycle,***_(4)-type alloy delivers 1.53 wt.%hydrogen storage capacity at room temperature and exhibits higher plateau pressure than Pr_(5)Co_(19)-type *** work provides novel AB_(4)-type alloy with preferable electrochemical performance as negative electrode material to inspire the development of nickel metal hydride batteries.

关键词： Nickel metal hydride batteries Hydrogen storage alloys AB_(4)-type superlattice structure Electrochemical performance Kinetics properties

Synthesis of Hierarchical TS-1 and Its Recycling Catalytic Property for Oxidative Desulfurization

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第6期10卷 1711-1726页

作者： Jinglong Huai xiaoxue liu Yinhai Zhang Yang Yang Yan Gou Li Qin Jinling Shan Yancheng Zheng Hao Li College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434023China College of Agriculture Yangtze UniversityJingzhou434000China

Because of its unique pore structure,good hydrothermal stability and high specific surface area,hierarchical TS-1 zeolite(HTS-1)has become an important catalyst for the deep oxidative desulfurization of fuel *** this work,HTS-1 has been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal crystallization method using the C-SiO_(2)composite as both silicon source and mesoporous template,tetrapropylammonium hydroxide as microporous template,and tetrabutylorthotitanate as titanium *** C-SiO_(2)composite is obtained by mild carbonization of the SiO_(2)/T-40(Tween 40)xerogel,which is prepared by the two step sol-gel *** reaction conditions for the oxidative desulfurization(ODS)of dibenzothiophene(DBT)and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene(4,6-DMDBT)over HTS-1 are optimized systematically,and the recycling performances of HTS-1 are investigated in *** the 15th run,HTS-1 still maintains high DBT conversion(90.6%)and 4,6-DMDBT conversion(86.0%)without *** samples before and after recycle tests are characterized by XRD,FT-IR,CHN analysis,UV-Vis and SEM *** results indicate that the crystal structure and morphology of regenerated HTS-1 samples are well kept,which accounts for the good structural stability and reusability of *** addition,active intermediates for the ODS of bulky organic sulfides over HTS-1,i.e.,Ti-peroxo(Ti-OOtBu)species,are captured by the UV-Vis ***,a possible reaction mechanism for the ODS process over HTS-1 is proposed.

关键词： Hierarchical TS-1 oxidative desulfurization recycling property Ti-peroxo species

Decreased Amino Acid Transporter LAT2 Is the Main Determinant of Impaired Protein Utilization During Aging

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ENGINEERING 2024年第11期42卷 88-98页

作者： Song, Rui Li, Guang Zhao, Liang Qiu, Lili Qin, Xiyu Zhang, Xiaoxu liu, xiaoxue Zhou, Jun Hu, Mengxiao Zhang, Liwei Su, Jiaqi liu, Xinjuan Wang, Xiaoyu China Agr Univ Dept Nutr & Hlth Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Beijing Chao Yang Hosp Dept Gastroenterol Beijing 100069 Peoples R China Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Hlth Sci & Technol CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

As the global demographic shifts toward an aging population, understanding the efficiency of protein utilization in older adults becomes crucial. Our study explores the intricate relationship between protein intake and aging, with a focus on precision nutrition for older people. Through a meta-analysis, we confirm a decline in protein-utilization capacity in older individuals and examine the different contributions of plant and animal protein. In experiments involving mice of different ages, older mice exhibited decreases in the biological utilization of four proteins (casein, beef protein, soy protein, and gluten), particularly casein. In subsequent research, casein was studied as a key protein. A decline in gastric digestion function was observed through peptidomics and the examination of pepsin levels using casein. Nevertheless, this decline did not significantly affect the overall protein digestion during the aging process. The combined application of targeted amino acid metabolomics identified abnormal absorption of amino acids as the underlying cause of decreased protein utilization during aging, particularly emphasizing a reduction in branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in older mice. Delving deeper into the proteomics of the intestinal protein digestion and absorption pathway, a reduction of over 60% in large neutral amino acid transporter 2 (LAT2) protein expression was observed in both older humans and aged mice. The reduction in LAT2 protein was found to be a key factor influencing the diminished BCAA availability. Overall, our study establishes the significance of amino acid absorption through LAT2 in protein utilization during aging and offers a new theoretical foundation for improving protein utilization in the older adults. (c) 2024 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier LTD on behalf of Chinese Academy of Engineering and Higher Education Press Limited Company. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://***/license

关键词： Aging Protein utilization Peptide Amino acid Large neutral amino acid transporter 2

The mortality of lung cancer attributable to smoking among adults in China and the United States during 1990–2017

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Cancer Communications 2020年第11期40卷 611-619页

作者： xiaoxue liu Yong Yu Minsheng Wang Sumaira Mubarik Fang Wang Yafeng Wang Runtang Meng Chuanhua Yu Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Health SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430071P.R.China Department of Information Management School of Public Health and ManagementHubei University of MedicineShiyanHubei 442000P.R.China Department of Research The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230022P.R.China Global Health Institute Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072P.R.ChinaThis

Background:Statistical data on the burden and relevant risk factors of lung cancer are valuable for *** study aimed to compare the mortality of lung cancer attributable to smoking stratified by sex and age among adults in China and the United States(US).Methods:We extracted age-standardized mortality rates of lung cancer during 1990-2017 using the comparative risk assessment framework of the 2017 Global Burden of Disease *** performed an age-period-cohort analysis to estimate time trend of lung cancer mortality attributable to ***:During 1990-2017,the age-standardized mortality rate of lung cancer was increasing in China but decreasing in the US for both *** mortality attributable to smoking in China showed a generally increasing trend,while a continuous decrease was observed in the *** age-period-cohort analysis showed a similar trend of age effect among adults between China and the US:the mortality substantially increased from the 30-34 to 80-84 age group and subsequently decreased in the 90-94 age ***,the period effect rapidly increased in Chinese adults during 1990-2017,while it tended to be stable in the US although it was still slightly increasing in *** cohort effect generally peaked in the earlier cohort born in 1902-1906 in the two ***:During 1990-2017,the lung cancer mortality attributable to smoking and the period effect are generally increasing in Chinese adults;the mortality attributable to smoking is decreasing in the US adults,but the period effect tends to be *** rapid aging and prevalence of smoking may intensify the increasing mortality of lung cancer in China.

关键词： age-period-cohort effect epidemiology lung cancer mortality smoking trend

Gut microbiota from end-stage renal disease patients disrupt gut barrier function by excessive production of phenol

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2019年第8期46卷 409-412页

作者： Xifan Wang Yanling Hao xiaoxue liu Shoujuan Yu Weibo Zhang Songtao Yang Zhengquan Yu Fazheng Ren Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health College of Food Science&Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy Ministry of EducationBeijing100083China Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety Beijing100083China Department of Nephrology Aerospace Central Hospital(Aerospace Clinical Medical College of Peking University)Beijing100049China

End stage renal disease (ESRD), an advanced stage of chronic kidney disease, has received increasing attention as a leading public health problem (Webster et al., 2017). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESRD are invariably accompanied by chronic systemic inflammation which plays central roles in CKD progression (Cachofeiro et al., 2008) and the increased mortality due to cardiovascular disease (Landray et al., 2004).

关键词： Gut microbiota end-stage renal

Regulation of prophage rac in Escherichia coli K-12

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Regulation of prophage rac in Escherichia coli K-12