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不同配方施肥对莲藕土壤和田面水理化性质及产量的影响

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浙江农业科学 2024年第10期65卷 2266-2272页

作者：黄锡志王朝丽袁昕冯敏芳朱燕唐红丽王潇璇杭州市临平区农业农村局浙江杭州311100 杭州湾里塘莲藕专业合作社浙江杭州311100 杭州市临平区崇贤街道办事处浙江杭州311100

针对藕塘肥料使用潜在的面源污染,开展莲藕绿色高效生产功能肥筛选和肥料定额制研究。结果表明,对于藕塘土壤来说,总养分保持在795 kg·hm^(-2)并施用炭基肥的处理对于藕塘土壤pH值、有机碳和全氮含量有显著提高,对于全磷和全钾含量并... 详细信息

针对藕塘肥料使用潜在的面源污染,开展莲藕绿色高效生产功能肥筛选和肥料定额制研究。结果表明,对于藕塘土壤来说,总养分保持在795 kg·hm^(-2)并施用炭基肥的处理对于藕塘土壤pH值、有机碳和全氮含量有显著提高,对于全磷和全钾含量并未产生显著影响。对藕塘田面水来说,除总磷含量外,田面水的各项理化指标随着生长周期的延长而显著降低,在幼苗期时各项理化指标数值最高。在20%炭基有机肥替代常规施肥的处理中,结藕根数、莲藕总产量和单根藕质量均显著增加,增幅分别为20.2%、31.2%和9.16%。总的来看,莲藕的施肥最高限量值设置为氮磷钾总养分795 kg·hm^(-2)、纯氮375 kg·hm^(-2)是科学合理且较为可行的,完全能够满足莲藕绿色高效生产的需要。

关键词：莲藕配方肥炭基肥面源污染产量

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短跑运动员单腿跳跃时下肢偏侧性研究

湖北体育科技 2024年第5期43卷 108-113页

作者：张星辰高原孙阳焦培豪李宇航高润航王晓轩燕山大学体育学院河北秦皇岛066004 燕山大学河北省智能康复及神经调控重点实验室河北秦皇岛066004

目的探讨短跑运动员单腿跳跃通过不同高度障碍物时下肢差异。方法采用三维动作捕捉系统和测力台,同步采集分析20名短跑运动员优势腿和非优势腿在跳跃3种高度障碍物落地缓冲阶段时的下肢运动学和动力学等参数。结果1)触地时刻,下肢两侧... 详细信息

目的探讨短跑运动员单腿跳跃通过不同高度障碍物时下肢差异。方法采用三维动作捕捉系统和测力台,同步采集分析20名短跑运动员优势腿和非优势腿在跳跃3种高度障碍物落地缓冲阶段时的下肢运动学和动力学等参数。结果1)触地时刻,下肢两侧踝关节和髋关节角度呈显著性差异(p<0.05)。2)落地缓冲阶段,下肢两侧髋关节内/外活动范围、内—外侧、前—后侧位移、踝关节背屈力矩峰值和踝关节功率峰值呈显著性差异(p<0.05);15 cm与45 cm高度相比,踝关节屈/伸活动范围、COP前后侧位移、髋关节屈肌力矩峰值和vGRF存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。3)GRF与平均负载率对称指数大于10%。结论单腿跳跃时,优势腿采取主动缓冲的落地策略,非优势腿则表现为被动对抗落地冲击;下肢两侧存在偏侧性,建议通过单侧训练,提高非优势腿稳定性和运动表现,减少不对称性的影响。

关键词：短跑运动员单腿落地运动损伤偏侧性

Root microbiota shift in rice correlates with resident time in the field and developmental stage

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第6期61卷 613-621页

作者： Jingying Zhang Na Zhang Yong-Xin Liu Xiaoning Zhang Bin Hu yuan Qin Haoran Xu Hui Wang xiaoxuan Guo Jingmei Qian Wei Wang Pengfan Zhang Tao Jin Chengcai Chu Yang Bai State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China CAS-JIC Centre of Excel'lence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS) Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing 100101 China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China China National Genebank-Shenzhen BGI-Shenzhen Shenzhen 518083 China BGI-Qingdao Qingdao 266510 China

Land plants in natural soil form intimate relationships with the diverse root bacterial microbiota. A growing body of evidence shows that these microbes are important for plant growth and health. Root microbiota composition has been widely studied in several model plants and crops; however, little is known about how root microbiota vary throughout the plant's life cycle under field conditions. We performed longitudinal dense sampling in field trials to track the time-series shift of the root microbiota from two representative rice cultivars in two separate locations in China. We found that the rice root microbiota varied dramatically during the vegetative stages and stabilized from the beginning of the reproductive stage, after which the root microbiota underwent relatively minor changes until rice ripening. Notably, both rice genotype and geographical location influenced the patterns of root microbiota shift that occurred during plant growth. The relative abundance of Deltaproteobacteria in roots significantly increased overtime throughout the entire life cycle of rice, while that of Betaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Gammaproteobacteria decreased. By a machine learning approach, we identified biomarker taxa and established a model to correlate root microbiota with rice resident time in the field(e.g., Nitrospira accumulated from 5 weeks/tillering in field-grown rice). Our work provides insights into the process of rice root microbiota establishment.

关键词： rice root microbiota time-series shift biomarker taxa residence time in the field developmental stages modeling machine learning

Host-Associated Quantitative Abundance Profiling Reveals the Microbial Load Variation of Root Microbiome

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Plant Communications 2020年第1期1卷 147-163页

作者： xiaoxuan Guo Xiaoning Zhang yuan Qin Yong-Xin Liu Jingying Zhang Na Zhang Kun Wu Baoyuan Qu Zishan He Xin Wang Xinjian Zhang Stephane Hacquard Xiangdong Fu Yang Bai State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science(CEPAMS) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039China State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Ecology InstituteQilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250014China Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Cologne 50829Germany

Plant-associated microbes are critical for plant growth and survival under natural environmental *** date,most plant microbiome studies involving high-throughput amplicon sequencing have focused on the relative abundance of microbial ***,this technique does not assess the total microbial load and the abundance of individual microbes relative to the amount of host plant ***,we report the development of a host-associated quantitative abundance profiling(HA-QAP)method that can accurately examine total microbial load and colonization of individual root microbiome members relative to host plants by the copy-number ratio of microbial marker gene to plant *** validate the HAQAP method using mock experiments,perturbation experiments,and metagenomic *** HA-QAP method eliminates the generation of spurious outputs in the classical method based on microbial relative abundance,and reveals the load of root microbiome to host *** the HA-QAP method,we found that the copy-number ratios of microbial marker genes to plant genome range from 1.07 to 6.61 for bacterial 16S rRNA genes and from 0.40 to 2.26 for fungal internal transcribed spacers in the root microbiome samples from healthy rice and ***,using HA-QAP we found that an increase in total microbial load represents a key feature of changes in root microbiome of rice plants exposed to drought stress and of wheat plants with root rot disease,which significantly influences patterns of differential taxa and species interaction *** its accuracy and technical feasibility,HA-QAP would facilitate our understanding of genuine interactions between root microbiome and plants.

关键词： microbial load host-associated quantitative abundance profiling root microbiome

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浅析中风之“外风”学说

中医学报 2024年第1期39卷 49-54页

作者：林隆杰范小璇封玉宁刘可欣李凯陕西中医药大学第一临床医学院陕西咸阳712000

“外风”学说源于《黄帝内经》,在唐宋以前为中风的主要病机理论,可被概括为“内虚邪中”,即在机体营卫、脉络、气血、脏腑虚弱等内因的基础上,风邪、寒邪等外邪趁虚中人而引发中风。“外风”学说自金元时期开始衰落,并逐渐被忽视。根... 详细信息

“外风”学说源于《黄帝内经》,在唐宋以前为中风的主要病机理论,可被概括为“内虚邪中”,即在机体营卫、脉络、气血、脏腑虚弱等内因的基础上,风邪、寒邪等外邪趁虚中人而引发中风。“外风”学说自金元时期开始衰落,并逐渐被忽视。根据《黄帝内经》《伤寒杂病论》《诸病源候论》和《千金要方》等中医经典对“外风”学说的详细阐述,以及小续命汤对于中风的确切疗效,和寒冷刺激、感染等外在因素引发、加重中风的现代研究证实,“外风”说对于中风的临床防治尤其是精准预防仍有意义。建立基于“外风”学说的中风预警模型,或可为中风的精准预防提供更全面的参考。

关键词：中风 “外风” “内风” 脉络学说小续命汤营卫理论

金代社会思潮对刘完素、张从正与张元素脏腑观的影响

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中华中医药杂志 2024年第6期39卷 3148-3151页

作者：姜婧刘刚张钰欣刘钟阳曹晓璇余如霞王湫澄张保春北京中医药大学北京100029 北京市东城区社区卫生管理服务中心北京100010

刘完素、张从正与张元素作为金代三位杰出的医学家,后世对其研究,多受到清代纪昀在《四库全书总目提要·卷一百三·子部十三》提出“医之门户分于金、元”的影响,往往重在强调金代三家在学术思想上的差异。本研究通过分析金代三家在脏... 详细信息

刘完素、张从正与张元素作为金代三位杰出的医学家,后世对其研究,多受到清代纪昀在《四库全书总目提要·卷一百三·子部十三》提出“医之门户分于金、元”的影响,往往重在强调金代三家在学术思想上的差异。本研究通过分析金代三家在脏腑观的认识,发现金代三家均高度重视自然运气变化与人身脏腑之联系,形成了以“天地六位藏象图”为核心的共识;同时,也发现脏腑与十二地支、六气配属关系是金代三家脏腑观的显著差异,并分析了金代三家脏腑观异同的影响因素。本研究为全面认识金代医学成就与医家学术思想提供了更加丰富的依据,对于全面认识金代的医学发展具有积极的意义,同时对于完善中医学术发展史的认识具有重要的学术价值。

关键词：刘完素张元素张从正学术思想金代医家社会思潮

舞台上的民族:民族身份与20世纪爱尔兰戏剧

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外国语文 2016年第2期32卷 32-37页

作者：李元曹晓萱广东外语外贸大学英文学院广东广州510420 南京农业大学工学院江苏南京210031

爱尔兰戏剧在20世纪的发展可以看作是一种致力于想象和构建民族身份的艺术形式。自20世纪以来,爱尔兰戏剧以"爱尔兰文艺复兴"为主题,挑战和颠覆英国殖民者对爱尔兰强加的文化形象,以戏剧空间表现了本民族的身份认同——爱尔兰特性。自此... 详细信息

爱尔兰戏剧在20世纪的发展可以看作是一种致力于想象和构建民族身份的艺术形式。自20世纪以来,爱尔兰戏剧以"爱尔兰文艺复兴"为主题,挑战和颠覆英国殖民者对爱尔兰强加的文化形象,以戏剧空间表现了本民族的身份认同——爱尔兰特性。自此,戏剧和剧场成为定义和讨论民族身份的场域。剧作家在作品中不断对爱尔兰特性进行修正和重新定位,以期获得与时代相吻合的特质,形成一个关于民族身份的谱系。因此,不是肯定某种爱尔兰身份,而是探索肯定身份的不同方式,如何去想象、讨论、否定、修正和争论,避免对民族身份的本质主义定义。民族的发展需要对民族身份的定义进行不断的展演和修正。

关键词：民族身份展演戏剧剧场

Plant latent defense response to microbial non-pathogenic factors antagonizes compatibility

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National Science Review 2022年第8期9卷 26-34页

作者： Yu Yang Shenglan Chen xiaoxuan Wu Li Peng Juan I.Vílchez Richa Kaushal Xiaomin Liu Sunil K.Singh Danxia He Fengtong yuan Suhui Lv Rafael J.L.Morcillo Wei Wang Weichang Huang Mingguang Lei Jian-Kang Zhu Paul W.Paré Huiming Zhang Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech University

Unlike microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs) that are readily targeted by host immunity,microbial non-pathogenic factors(NPFs) appear negligible as they do not elicit defense. Little is known about whether and how NPFs may be monitored by hosts to control compatibility. Herein, a forward genetic screening isolated an Arabidopsis mutant with a loss of plant-rhizobacteria mutualism, leading to the disclosure of a plant latent defense response(LDR) to NPFs. The activation of LDR in the mutant,named rol1 for regulator of LDR 1, is triggered by several non-pathogenic volatile organic compounds and antagonizes plant compatibility with the beneficial bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03. The activation of LDR in rol1 is mediated through the prokaryotic pathway of chloroplastic lipid *** rol1 root microbiome showed a reduced proportion of the Bacillaceae family. We propose that, parallel to the forefront immunity to MAMPs, LDR to certain NPFs provides a hidden layer of defense for controlling compatibility with commensal or beneficial microbes.

关键词： microbial non-pathogenic factors latent defense response compatibility plant-beneficial bacteria chloroplastic lipid biosynthesis

The first all-season sample set for mapping global land cover with Landsat-8 data

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Science Bulletin 2017年第7期62卷 508-515页

作者： Congcong Li Peng Gong Jie Wang Zhiliang Zhu Gregory S. Biging Cui yuan Tengyun Hu Haiying Zhang Qi Wang Xuecao Li xiaoxuan Liu Yidi Xu Jing Guo Caixia Liu Kwame O. Hackman Meinan Zhang Yuqi Cheng Le Yu Jun Yang Huabing Huang Nicholas Clinton Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management University of California Berkeley. CA 94720-3J 14 USA Joint Center for Global Change Studies Beijing 100875 China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China United States Geological Survey Restan VA 20192 USA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions College of Environment and Planning Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China Googie Inc. 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy. Mountain View CA 94042 USA

We report the world's first all-season training and validation sample sets for global land cover classification with Landsat-8 *** to this,such samples were only available at a single date primarily from the growing *** is unknown how much limitation such a single-date sample has to mapping global land cover in other seasons of the *** answer this question,we selected available Landsat-8 images from four seasons and collected training and validation samples from *** compared the performances of training samples in different seasons using Random Forest *** found that the use of training samples from any individual season would result in the best overall classification accuracy when validated by samples in the same *** global overall accuracy from combined best seasonal results was 67.2% when classifying the 11 Level-1 classes in the Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring of Global Land Cover(FROM-GLC) classification *** use of training samples from all seasons(named all-season training sample set hereafter) produced an overall accuracy of 67.0%.We also tested classification within 10° latitude 60° longitude zones using all-season training subsample within each zone and obtained an overall accuracy of 70.2%.This indicates that properly grouped subsamples in space can help improve classification *** the results in this study seem to suggest that it is possible to use an all-season training sample set to reach global optimality with universal applicability in classifying images acquired at any time of a year for global land cover mapping.

关键词： Training sample Validation Latitudinal zones Anytime Anywhere