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Echinatin inhibits tumor growth and synergizes with chemotherapeutic agents against human bladder cancer cells by activating p38 and suppressing Wnt/β-catenin pathways

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1050-1065页

作者： xiaoxuan Wang Lijuan luo Jingtao Xu Qiuping Lu Haichao Xia Yanran Huang Lulu Zhang Liping Xie Habu Jiwa Shiqiong Liang Xiaoji luo Jinyong luo Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated By the Chinese Ministry of Education School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China

Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the urinary system.Due to the poor prognosis and high mortality rate of the disease,it is urgent to develop new drugs with high efficacy and low toxicity to treat BC.Echinatin (Ecn) is a bioactive natural flavonoid oflicorice that has attracted special attention for its promising anti-tumor potential.Herein,we explored the inhibitory effects of Echinatin on BC cells and probed the possible molecular mechanism.We found that Ecnin vitro inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion,arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase,and promoted apoptosis in BC cells.Besides,Ecn had no notable cytotoxicity towards human normal cells.We subsequently confirmed that Ecn restrained xenograft tumor growth and metastasis of BC cells in vivo .Mechanistically,Ecn activated the p38 signaling pathway but inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,while over-expression of β-catenin and the p38 inhibitor both attenuated the inhibitory effects of Ecn on BC cells.Remarkably,Ecn combined with cisplatin (DDP) or gemcitabine (Gem) had synergistic inhibitory effects on BC cells.In summary,our results validate that Ecn inhibits the tumor growth of human BC cells via p38 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.More meaningfully,our results suggest a potential strategy to enhance DDP- or Gem-induced inhibitory effects on BC cells by combining with Ecn.

关键词： Bladder cancer Combination chemotherapy Echinatin p38 Wnt/β-catenin

A review on system and materials for aqueous flexible metal-air batteries

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Carbon Energy 2023年第3期5卷 138-159页

作者： Lixue Jiang xiaoxuan luo Da‐Wei Wang School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia

The exploration of aqueous flexible metal-air batteries with high energy density and durability has attracted many research efforts with the demand for portable and wearable electronic devices.Aqueous flexible metal-air batteries feature Earth-abundant materials,environmental friendliness,and operational safety.Each part of one metal-air battery can significantly affect the overall performance.This review starts with the fundamental working principles and the basic battery configurations and then highlights on the common issues and the recent advances in designing high-performance metal electrodes,solid-state electrolytes,and air electrodes.Bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts with high activity and long-term stability for constructing efficient air electrodes in flexible metal-air batteries are summarized including metal-free carbon-based materials and nonprecious Co/Fe-based materials(alloys,metal oxides,metal sulfites,metal phosphates,metal nitrates,single-site metal-nitrogen-carbon materials,and composites).Finally,a perspective is provided on the existing challenges and possible future research directions in optimizing the performance and lifetime of the flexible aqueous solid-state metal-air batteries.

关键词： activity air electrodes flexible metal-air batteries oxygen electrocatalysts solid‐state electrolytes stability

The lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 facilitates neointimal hyperplasia by regulating the HDAC3-SRF axis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 712-728页

作者： xiaoxuan Zhong Xiang Wei Yan Xu Xuehai Zhu Bo Huo Xian Guo Gaoke Feng Zihao Zhang Xin Feng Zemin Fang Yuxuan luo Xin Yi Ding-Sheng Jiang Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation Ministry of EducationNHC Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationChinese Academy of Medical SciencesWuhan 430030China School of Life Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human DiseaseSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Department of Cardiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China

Coronary restenosis is an important cause of poor long-term prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease.Here,we show that lysine methyltransferase SMYD2 expression in the nucleus is significantly elevated in serum-and PDGF-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs),and in tissues of carotid artery injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia.Smyd2 overexpression in VSMCs(Smyd2-vTg)facilitates,but treatment with its specific inhibitor LLY-507 or SMYD2 knockdown significantly inhibits VSMC phenotypic switching and carotid artery injury-induced neointima formation in mice.Transcriptome sequencing revealed that SMYD2 knockdown represses the expression of serum response factor(SRF)target genes and that SRF overexpression largely reverses the inhibitory effect of SMYD2 knockdown on VSMC proliferation.HDAC3 directly interacts with and deacetylates SRF,which enhances SRF transcriptional activity in VSMCs.Moreover,SMYD2 promotes HDAC3 expression via tri-methylation of H3K36 at its promoter.RGFP966,a specific inhibitor of HDAC3,not only counteracts the pro-proliferation effect of SMYD2 overexpression on VSMCs,but also inhibits carotid artery injury-induced neointima formation in mice.HDAC3 partially abolishes the inhibitory effect of SMYD2 knockdown on VSMC proliferation in a deacetylase activity-dependent manner.Our results reveal that the SMYD2-HDAC3-SRF axis constitutes a novel and critical epigenetic mechanism that regulates VSMC phenotypic switching and neointimal hyperplasia.

关键词： Neointimaformation Histonemethylation Histoneacetylation SRFacetylation SMYD2 HDAC3 LLY-507 RGFP966

Magnetic phase transition and continuous spin switching in a high-entropy orthoferrite single crystal

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 157-167页

作者： Wanting Yang Shuang Zhu Xiong luo xiaoxuan Ma Chenfei Shi Huan Song Zhiqiang Sun Yefei Guo Yuriy Dedkov Baojuan Kang Jin-Ke Bao Shixun Cao Department of Physics Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Materials Genome Institute and International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Physics Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Rare-earth orthoferrite REFeO_(3)(where RE is a rare-earth ion)is gaining interest.We created a high-entropy orthoferrite(Tm_(0.2)Nd_(0.2)Dy_(0.2)Y_(0.2)Yb_(0.2))FeO_(3)(HEOR)by doping five RE ions in equimolar ratios and grew the single crystal by optical floating zone method.It strongly tends to form a single-phase structure stabilized by high configurational entropy.In the low-temperature region(11.6‒14.4 K),the spin reorientation transition(SRT)ofΓ_(2)(F_(x),C_(y),G_(z))‒Γ_(24)‒Γ_(4)(G_(x),A_(y),F_(z))occurs.The weak ferromagnetic(FM)moment,which comes from the Fe sublattices distortion,rotates from the a-to c-axis.The two-step dynamic processes(Γ_(2)‒Γ_(24)‒Γ_(4))are identified by AC susceptibility measurements.SRT in HEOR can be tuned in the range of 50‒60000 Oe,which is an order of magnitude larger than that of orthoferrites in the peer system,making it a candidate for high-field spin sensing.Typical spin-switching(SSW)and continuous spin-switching(CSSW)effects occur under low magnetic fields due to the strong interactions between RE‒Fe sublattices.The CSSW effect is tunable between 20‒50 Oe,and hence,HEOR potentially can be applied to spin modulation devices.Furthermore,because of the strong anisotropy of magnetic entropy change()and refrigeration capacity(RC)based on its high configurational entropy,HEOR is expected to provide a novel approach for refrigeration by altering the orientations of the crystallographic axes(anisotropic configurational entropy).

关键词： high-entropy oxide rare-earth orthoferrite spin reorientation transition spin switching magnetocaloric effect

The effect of lateral growth of self-assembled GaN microdisks on UV lasing action

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Nano Research 2023年第8期16卷 11096-11106页

作者： Zhiwei Si Zongliang Liu xiaoxuan Wang Chunxiang Xu Wei Lin xiaoxuan luo Feng Li Xiaoming Dong Shunan Zheng Xiaodong Gao Jianfeng Wang Ke Xu School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China Suzhou Nanowin Science and Technology Co Ltd.Suzhou 215123China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Jiangsu Institute of Advanced SemiconductorsSuzhou 215123China State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education&Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique School of Electronic Science and EngineeringFaculty of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

There are significant differences in the extent of impurity incorporation on different crystallographic directions of GaN microstructures,and the impurity-related deep energy level behavior will have a significant impact on device performance.However,a comprehensive understanding of the effect of lateral growth on device performance has not been achieved due to the lack of comprehensive spatial distribution characterization of the optical behavior and impurity incorporation in GaN microstructures.We present a comprehensive study of the optical behavior and growth mechanism of self-assembled GaN microdisks using nanoscale spatially resolved cathodoluminescence(CL)mapping.We have found a clear growth orientation-dependent optical behavior of the lateral and vertical growth sectors of self-assembled GaN microcrystals.The lateral growth sector,i.e.,the{101¯1}-growth sector,forms six side facets of the microdisk and shows significant near-bandgap emission(NBE)and weak deep energy level luminescence.Cavity effect enhanced emission was found for the first time in such a truncated hexagonal Na-flux GaN microdisk system with an ultra-smooth surface(Ra<0.7 nm)and low stress.The self-assembled microdisk shows significant ultraviolet(UV)lasing action(main lasing peak wavelength 370.9 nm,quality factor 1278,threshold 6×10^(4)μJ/cm^(2))under pulsed optical pumping.We believe that the appearance of UV lasing action may be related to the light limitation on the six side facets of the lateral growth of the GaN microdisk,the high structural quality,the low content of deep energy level defects,the low surface roughness,and the low stress.

关键词： homogeneous lateral epitaxy spatially resolved cathodoluminescence deep energy level GaN microdisk lasing

Manipulating cavity photon dynamics by topologically curved space

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2738-2747页

作者： Yongsheng Wang Yuhao Ren xiaoxuan luo Bo Li Zaoyu Chen Zhenzhi Liu Fu Liu Yin Cai Yanpeng Zhang Jin Liu Feng Li Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education&Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique School of Electronic Science and EngineeringFaculty of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China State Key Laboratoy of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

Asymmetric microcavities supporting Whispering-gallery modes(WGMs)are of great significance for on-chip optical information processing.We establish asymmetric microcavities on topologically curved surfaces,where the geodesic light trajectories completely reconstruct the cavity mode features.The curvature-mediated photon-lifetime engineering enables the enhancement of the quality factors of periodic island modes by up to 200 times.Strong and weak coupling between modes of very different origins occurs when the space curvature brings them into resonance,leading to fine tailoring of the cavity photon energy and lifetime and the observation of non-Hermitian exceptional point(EP).At large space curvatures,the role of the WGMs is replaced by high-Q periodic modes protected by the high stability of island-like light trajectory.Our work demonstrates interesting physical mechanisms at the crosspoint of optical chaotic dynamics,non-Hermitian physics,and geodesic optical devices,and would initiate the novel area of geodesic microcavity photonics.

关键词： topological curved curvature

Non-Hermitian control of confined optical skyrmions in microcavities formed by photonic spin-orbit coupling

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Photonics Research 2023年第4期11卷 610-621页

作者： xiaoxuan luo YIN CAI XIN YUE WEI LIN JINGPING ZHU YANPENG ZHANG FENG LI Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education&Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Photonic Technique School of Electronic Science and EngineeringFaculty of Electronic and Information EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Optical skyrmions formed by photonic spin–orbit(SO)coupling are of significant interest in high-dimensional optical information processing.We report the formation mechanism and non-Hermitian properties of skyrmionlike states in a circular confinement potential with photonic SO coupling,which is preferably realized in a concave-planar microcavity system.We show that the effective photonic gauge field leads to two split manifolds of degenerate skyrmions whose spin textures can be controlled via the non-Hermitian properties by introducing circularly polarized gain and loss,exhibiting dramatically discrepant evolutions at the two sides of the exceptional point(EP).Furthermore,the lifetime degeneracy can be lifted by spatially inhomogeneous pumping according to the non-Hermitian mechanism,enabling the possibility for the skyrmion laser.By introducing shape asymmetry of the confinement potential,a double EP evolution can be achieved,which allows non-Hermitian control of the SO coupled states with higher degrees of freedom.These results open the way for the non-Hermitian control of photonic spin in confined systems,which would be of great significance for the fundamentals of advanced optical information processing.

关键词： coupling confined circular

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灌浆期高温胁迫对早籼稻品质性状的影响

中国水稻科学 2024年第1期38卷 72-80页

作者：易晓璇刘玮琦曾盖罗丽华肖应辉湖南农业大学农学院长沙410125 北大荒垦丰种业股份有限公司哈尔滨150090

【目的】研究灌浆期高温胁迫对早籼稻碾磨、外观和蒸煮食味品质的影响,揭示早籼稻品质性状对灌浆期高温胁迫的响应规律。【方法】以R996、湘早籼45号和6个新育成的早籼稻品系为试验材料,以分期播种方式利用自然高温进行胁迫处理,分析了... 详细信息

【目的】研究灌浆期高温胁迫对早籼稻碾磨、外观和蒸煮食味品质的影响,揭示早籼稻品质性状对灌浆期高温胁迫的响应规律。【方法】以R996、湘早籼45号和6个新育成的早籼稻品系为试验材料,以分期播种方式利用自然高温进行胁迫处理,分析了供试品系的碾磨、外观和蒸煮食味品质,筛选出对高温钝感和敏感的水稻品系,探究稻米品质性状对灌浆期高温胁迫的响应规律。【结果】稻米品质性状对灌浆期不同时段温度的敏感性不同,始穗后10 d内温度对稻米碾磨品质和蒸煮食味品质影响最显著,始穗后30 d内温度对稻米外观品质影响最显著。稻米品质对灌浆期高温胁迫的响应因性状而异,灌浆期高温胁迫显著降低糙米率、精米率、整精米率和粒长,显著提高垩白粒率、垩白度,劣化了稻米碾磨品质和外观品质;显著降低直链淀粉含量,提高米饭外观、米饭口感和米饭黏度,提升了米饭适口性。水稻品系对高温胁迫的响应因稻米品质性状而异,Q3、Q8、Q11、Q13属于碾磨品质高温钝感品系,Q3、Q4、Q5和Q11属于外观品质高温钝感品系且高温下蒸煮食味品质优。【结论】灌浆期高温胁迫会降低稻米的碾磨品质和外观品质,提高米饭适口性。水稻品系Q3和Q11碾磨品质、外观品质好且高温钝感,蒸煮食味品质优良,可望为早籼稻优质育种提供新的种质资源。

关键词：早籼稻灌浆期高温胁迫稻米品质

A multi-UAV deployment method for border patrolling based on Stackelberg game

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2023年第1期34卷 99-116页

作者： LEI Xing HU xiaoxuan WANG Guoqiang luo He School of Management Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Key Laboratory of Process Optimization&Intelligent Decision-making Ministry of EducationHefei 230009China Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Decision-making&Information Systems Technologies Ministry of EducationHefei 230009China

To strengthen border patrol measures, unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) are gradually used in many countries to detect illegal entries on borders. However, how to efficiently deploy limited UAVs to patrol on borders of large areas remains challenging. In this paper, we first model the problem of deploying UAVs for border patrol as a Stackelberg game. Two players are considered in this game: The border patrol agency is the leader,who optimizes the patrol path of UAVs to detect the illegal immigrant. The illegal immigrant is the follower, who selects a certain area of the border to pass through at a certain time after observing the leader’s strategy. Second, a compact linear programming problem is proposed to tackle the exponential growth of the number of leader’s strategies. Third, a method is proposed to reduce the size of the strategy space of the follower. Then, we provide some theoretic results to present the effect of parameters of the model on leader’s utilities. Experimental results demonstrate the positive effect of limited starting and ending areas of UAV’s patrolling conditions and multiple patrolling altitudes on the leader ’s utility, and show that the proposed solution outperforms two conventional patrol strategies and has strong robustness.

关键词： border patrol unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) Stackelberg game compact linear programming dominated strategy elimination