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Short-term microbial community dynamics induced by^(13)C-labeled maize root,its derived biochar and NPK in long-term amended soil

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Biochar 2024年第1期6卷 1277-1292页

作者： Zonglin Lu Tong Lu Junmei Shi Kun Chen hangming Guo Na Li xiaori han College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural University120 DonglingShenyang 110866LiaoningPeople’s Republic of China. Monitoring and Experimental Station of Corn Nutrition and Fertilization in Northeast Region Ministry of AgricultureShenyang 110866LiaoningPeople’s Republic of China. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Tianjin Academy of Agriculture SciencesTianjin 300192People’s Republic of China.

Crop residues and their derived biochar are frequently used for their potential to improve grain yield,soil fertility and carbon(C)***,the effects of root are often overlooked,and the effects of chemical fertilizer(NPK)combined with root or its biochar on microbial community structure need further *** study used ^(13)C-labeled maize root,its biochar and soil with different fertilization for 8 years as materials and substrates.A 112-day incubation experiment was conducted to explore the effects of microbial community on the C *** incubation,the root-C(54.9%)mineralized significantly more than biochar-C(12.8%),while NPK addition significantly increased the root-C *** biochar alone did not significantly change the microbial *** to the biochar treatment(BC),the root treatment(R)notably increased the contents of total phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs),^(13)C-PLFA and the proportion of fungi and Gram-negative bacteria,but reduced the proportion of *** root mineralization was significantly correlated with the relative content of ^(13)C-Gram-positive bacteria and ^(13)C-fungi,while biochar mineralization was significantly correlated with the relative content of ^(13)C-Gram-positive bacteria and ^(13)***,NPK addition significantly increased the contribution of biochar-C to PLFA-C pool,while decreasing the contribution of *** summary,due to microbial adaptation to the lack of bioavailable C in biochar-amended soil,biochar can act as a buffer against the significant disturbance caused by NPK to microbial communities and native soil organic carbon(SOC),which contributes to the steady enhancement in soil C storage.

关键词： Biochar Maize root ^(13)C-PLFA Microbial community structure NPK

Biochar-induced changes in the soil diazotroph community abundance and structure in a peanut field trial

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 748-762页

作者： Kun Chen Na Li Shiyu Zhang Ning Liu Jinfeng Yang Xiumei Zhan xiaori han College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural University120 DonglingShenyang 110866LiaoningChina Monitoring&Experimental Station of Corn Nutrition and Fertilization in Northeast Region Ministry of AgricultureR.P.ChinaShenyang 110866LiaoningChina Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province Shenyang 110866LiaoningChina

Biological nitrogen fixation(BNF)can help replenish available nitrogen(N)in cropland and reduce the use of chemical N fertilizers,with diazotrophs playing an important ***,the response of diazotroph community and BNF activity in biochar amendment soil,especially in the deep soil horizon,are poorly *** this study,soil samples were collected from topsoil(0-20 cm)and subsoil(20-40 cm)in the field experiment(established in 2013)comprising treatments with no chemical fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer(NPK),biochar(BC),and biochar plus chemical fertilizers(BNPK).Here,we investigated the diazotroph community using real-time PCR and high-throughput sequencing of the nifH gene,and assessed the soil N_(2)fixation rate(R_(Nfix))using acetylene reduction assay(ARA).Results showed that in the topsoil,the treatments with biochar significantly increased nifH gene copies and R_(Nfix),which was consistent with the increased soil organic matter(SOM),total carbon-to-nitrogen ratio(C/N),dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and *** the subsoil,applying chemical fertilizers(NPK)strongly decreased R_(Nfix),but had no effect on diazotroph abundance;in contrast,biochar application(BC)had no effect on R_(Nfix),but suppressed the growth of bacteria and diazotrophs while increasing the abundance of Rhizobiales *** and bacterial gene copies were significantly and positively correlated in both top-and sub-soil,and they were mainly influenced by SOM and total nitrogen(TN).In addition,soil nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(−)-N)was the major factor in shaping the vertical stratification of diazotroph community *** nifH gene abundance was significantly cor-related with R_(Nfix)in the topsoil,the structure equation modeling(SEM)showed the highest correlation between diazotroph community structure and R_(Nfix).Hence,we suggested that soil carbon and nitrogen sources were the key factors correlated with changes in the vertical pattern of diazotroph *** ind

关键词： Diazotroph community Biochar nifH gene R_(Nfix) BNF

Development of the straw biochar returning concept in China

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Biochar 2019年第2期1卷 139-149页

作者： Jun Meng Tianyi He Edmond Sanganyado Yu Lan Weiming Zhang xiaori han Wenfu Chen Biochar Engineering and Technology Research Center Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866People’s Republic of China Marine Biology Institute Shantou UniversityShantouGuangdong 515063People’s Republic of China

Biochar produced from straw has been shown to improve soil physicochemical *** review introduces the fundamental concepts,the broad applications,and underlying theory of straw biochar *** developments in biochar industry and the production practices prevalent among enterprises in China are *** review analyzes current knowledge gaps,challenges,and opportunities in the industrial application of straw biochar *** standards,the quantitative and qualitative analysis methods for biochar,and high-value-added products that are based on biochar are critically examined with goal of providing recommendations for future *** propose production and modification of biochar that is application oriented to enhance its fitness for purpose as well as long-term and large-space-scale field study to better understand its impact on soil properties and ***,we make prospects for the future development of SBR,including constructing a standard system about straw biochar returning and promoting self-discipline of biochar industry and the establishment of a biochar-based agricultural production model.

关键词： Straw biochar returning(SBR) Biochar-based agricultural inputs Agriculture China

Application of controlled-release urea increases maize N uptake,environmental benefits and economic returns via optimizing temporal and spatial distributions of soil mineral N

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 222-235页

作者： Mingxue SUN Juan LI Lili ZhanG Xiaomeng SU Ning LIU xiaori han Songjiang WU Zhentao SUN Xiangdong YANG Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and FertilizerMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100081China Agricultural Development Service Center of Zhuanghe Zhuanghe 116499China Agricultural Technology Extension Center Wafangdian 116300China College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 100866China

The creation of controlled-release urea (CRU) is a potent substitute for conventional fertilizers in order to preserve the availability of nitrogen (N) in soil,prevent environmental pollution,and move toward green *** main objectives of this study were to assess the impacts of CRU’s full application on maize production and to clarify the connection between the nutrient release pattern of CRU and maize nutrient *** order to learn more about the effects of CRU application on maize yields,N uptake,mineral N (N_(min)) dynamics,N balance in soil-crop systems,and economic returns,a series of field experiments were carried out in 2018–2020 in Dalian City,Liaoning Province,*** were 4 different treatments in the experiments:no N fertilizer input (control,CK);application of common urea at 210 kg ha^(-1)(U),the ideal fertilization management level for the study site;application of polyurethane-coated urea at the same N input rate as U (PCU);and application of PCU at a 20% reduction in N input rate (0.8PCU).Our findings showed that using CRU (i.e.,PCU and 0.8 PCU) may considerably increase maize N absorption,maintain maize yields,and increase N use efficiency (NUE) compared to *** grain yield showed considerable positive correlations with total N uptake in leaf in U and 0.8 PCU,but negative correlations with that in PCU,indicating that PCU caused excessive maize absorption while 0.8 PCU could achieve a better yield response to N ***,PCU was able to maintain N fertilizer in the soil profile 0–20 cm away from the fertilization point,and higher N_(min)content was observed in the 0–20 cm soil layer at various growth stages,particularly at the middle and late growing stages,optimizing the temporal and spatial distributions of N_(min).Additionally,compared to that in U,the apparent N loss rate in PCU was reduced by 36.2%,and applying CRU (PCU and 0.8 PCU) increased net profit by 8.5% to 15.2% with less labor and fertilization *** was co

关键词： apparent N loss fertilization management green agriculture maize yield N balance N use efficiency

Combined application of biochar with fertilizer promotes nitrogen uptake in maize by increasing nitrogen retention in soil

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Biochar 2021年第3期3卷 367-379页

作者： Jing Peng xiaori han Na Li Kun Chen Jinfeng Yang Xiumei Zhan Peiyu Luo Ning Liu College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityNo.120 Dongling RoadShenhe DistrictShenyang 110866Liaoning ProvinceChina Monitoring and Experimental Station of Corn Nutrition and Fertilization in Northeast China Ministry of AgricultureShenyang 110866China Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province Shenyang 110866China

Combined application of biochar with fertilizers has been used to increase soil fertility and crop ***,the coupling mechanisms through which biochar improves crop yield at field scale and the time span over which biochar affects carbon and nitrogen transformation and crop yield are still little *** this study,a long-term field trial(2013-2019)was performed in brown soil planting *** treatments were designed:CK-control;NPK-application of chemical fertilizers;C1PK-low biochar without nitrogen fertilizer;C1NPK,C_(2)NPK and C_(3)NPK-biochar at 1.5,3 and 6 t ha^(−1),respectively,combined with chemical *** showed that theδ^(15)N value in the topsoil of 0-20 cm layer in the C_(3)NPK treat-ment reached a peak of 291‰at the third year(2018),and demonstrated a peak of 402‰in the NPK treatment in the initial isotope trial in ***,SOC was not affected until the third to fourth year after biochar addition,and resulted in a significant increase in total N of 2.4 kg N ha^(−1) in 2019 in C_(3)NPK *** the entire experiment,the ^(15)N recovery rates of 74-80%were observed highest in the C_(2)NPK and C_(3)NPK treatments,resulting in an annual increase in yields *** lowest subsoilδ^(15)N values ranged from 66‰to 107‰,and the ^(15)N residual rate would take 70 years for a complete decay to 0.001%in the C_(3)*** findings suggest that biochar compound fertilizers can increase C stability and N retention in soil and improve N uptake by maize,while the loss of N was ***,therefore,may have an important potential for improving the agroecosystem and ecological balance.

关键词： Maize straw-derived biochar ^(13)C isotope Nitrogen fertilizer 15N isotope Maize yields Soil organic matter

Responses of Soil Bacterial Diversity to Fertilization are Driven by Local Environmental Context Across China

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Engineering 2022年第5期8卷 164-170页

作者： Youzhi Feng Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo Yongguan Zhu Xiaozeng han xiaori han Xiuli Xin Wei Li Zhibing Guo Tinghui Dang Chenhua Li Bo Zhu Zejiang Cai Daming Li Jiabao Zhang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Physical Chemicaland Natural SystemsPablo de Olavide UniversitySevilla 41013Spain State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China National Observation Station of the Hailun Agroecology System Key Laboratory of Mollisols AgroecologyNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 130102China College of Land and Environment National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer ResourcesShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Crop Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230001China Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230001China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityChinese Academy of Science&Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Fukang Station of Desert Ecology Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert EnvironmentXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Qiyang Agroecosystem of the National Field Experimental Station Yongzhou 426199China National Engineering Laboratory for Improving the Quality of Arable Land Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil Nanchang 331717China

Soil microbial diversity is extremely vulnerable to fertilization,which is one of the main anthropogenic activities associated with global *** we know little about how and why soil microbial diversity responds to fertilization across contrasting local ecological *** knowledge is fundamental for predicting changes in soil microbial diversity in response to ongoing global *** analyzed soils from ten 20-year field fertilization(organic and/or inorganic)experiments across China and found that the national-scale responses of soil bacterial diversity to fertilization are dependent on ecological *** acidic soils from regions with high precipitation and soil fertility,inorganic fertilization can result in further acidification,resulting in negative impacts on soil bacterial *** comparison,organic fer-tilization causes a smaller disturbance to soil bacterial *** the overall role of environmental contexts in driving soil microbial diversity,a small group of bacterial taxa were found to respond to fer-tilization in a consistent way across contrasting regions throughout *** such as Nitrosospira and Nitrososphaera,which benefit from nitrogen fertilizer addition,as well as Chitinophagaceae,Bacilli,and phototrophic bacteria,which respond positively to organic fertilization,could be used as bioindicators for soil fertility in response to fertilization at the national ***,our work provides new insights into the importance of local environmental context in determining the responses of soil microbial diver-sity to fertilization,and identifies regions with acidic soils wherein soil microbial diversity is more vul-nerable to fertilization at the national scale.

关键词： Nutrient addition Anthropogenic activity Biodiversity Soil pH

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玉米碳代谢关键酶活性的遗传分析

核农学报 2015年第8期29卷 1455-1463页

作者：杨双韩晓日沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院辽宁沈阳110161 沈阳市农业科学院辽宁沈阳110034

为研究玉米碳代谢关键酶PEPC和SPS活性的遗传特性,应用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型理论和4世代联合分离分析方法,对沈3336×沈3265组合4个世代的灌浆期穗位叶PEPC和SPS活性进行遗传分析。结果表明,PEPC和SPS活性的遗传模型分别为B-1模型(... 详细信息

为研究玉米碳代谢关键酶PEPC和SPS活性的遗传特性,应用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型理论和4世代联合分离分析方法,对沈3336×沈3265组合4个世代的灌浆期穗位叶PEPC和SPS活性进行遗传分析。结果表明,PEPC和SPS活性的遗传模型分别为B-1模型(2对主基因的加性-显性-上位性模型)和E-1模型(2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合模型)。调控PEPC活性的主基因遗传率为36.5%,调控SPS活性的主基因遗传率为17.7%,多基因遗传率为35.9%。结果为玉米碳代谢相关性状的遗传改良提供理论依据,也为下一步开展QTL定位研究奠定基础。

关键词：玉米磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPC) 蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS) 遗传分析

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八氢番茄红素脱氢酶的研究进展

微生物学报 2016年第11期56卷 1680-1690页

作者：李春季李炳学韩晓日沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室辽宁沈阳110866

类胡萝卜素是一类超过700种的萜烯基团类不饱和化合物的总称,根据结构可分为胡萝卜素族和叶黄素族,具有较高的营养价值。八氢番茄红素脱氢酶是类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中的首要限速酶,它参与催化无色的八氢番茄红素转变成有色类胡萝卜素... 详细信息

类胡萝卜素是一类超过700种的萜烯基团类不饱和化合物的总称,根据结构可分为胡萝卜素族和叶黄素族,具有较高的营养价值。八氢番茄红素脱氢酶是类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中的首要限速酶,它参与催化无色的八氢番茄红素转变成有色类胡萝卜素,发挥着中心调控作用。不同生物源的八氢番茄红素脱氢酶在功能上呈现多样性,在大多数蓝细菌,藻类和高等植物的类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中,由Crt P,Crt Q和异构酶Crt H或PDS,ZDS和异构酶Z-ISO、Crt ISO共同参与番茄红素的形成,而在大多数微生物中只有Crt I-type一种酶来完成八氢番茄红素的脱氢反应,且根据脱氢步骤的不同分别可生成链孢红素、番茄红素或脱氢番茄红素。本文阐述了不同生物源八氢番茄红素脱氢酶的基因分离与鉴定,功能多样性及表达调控机制等最新研究进展,并进行了进化分析,为八氢番茄红素脱氢酶的深入研究及利用基因工程策略生产类胡萝卜素的应用提供重要信息。

关键词：类胡萝卜素八氢番茄红素脱氢酶功能多样性进化分析调控机制

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生物炭对棕壤团聚体空间分布及有机碳的影响

农业环境科学学报 2022年第11期41卷 2515-2524页

作者：孙强杨旭孟军兰宇韩晓日农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室沈阳110866 沈阳农业大学国家生物炭研究院沈阳110866 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院农业资源与环境博士后流动站沈阳110866

为研究一次性施入玉米秸秆生物炭对棕壤团聚体的空间分布和有机碳含量的影响,于2013年在辽宁沈阳棕壤区建立长期定位试验,试验共设置4个处理,分别为C0(不施炭),C1(一次性施入玉米秸秆生物炭15.75 t·hm^(-2)),C2(一次性施入玉米秸秆生物... 详细信息

为研究一次性施入玉米秸秆生物炭对棕壤团聚体的空间分布和有机碳含量的影响,于2013年在辽宁沈阳棕壤区建立长期定位试验,试验共设置4个处理,分别为C0(不施炭),C1(一次性施入玉米秸秆生物炭15.75 t·hm^(-2)),C2(一次性施入玉米秸秆生物炭31.50 t·hm^(-2)),C3(一次性施入玉米秸秆生物炭47.25 t·hm^(-2)),分析土壤团聚体的空间分布及有机碳含量变化情况。结果表明:与C0相比,生物炭显著提高了耕层(0~20 cm)土壤有机碳含量,随着生物炭施用量的增加,C1、C2和C3处理耕层有机碳含量分别提高了6.81%、11.06%和41.62%。耕层土壤团聚体稳定性随着生物炭施用量的增加,呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,但C3处理仍然显著高于C0处理。20~40 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量随生物炭施用的增加而显著提高,与C0相比较,C1、C2和C3处理分别提高了92.36%、111.63%和123.25%,该土层微团聚体含量随着生物炭施用量的增加而显著降低,C3处理的粉黏粒含量也显著降低,大团聚体含量随着生物炭施用量的增加而显著提高。C3处理平均质量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)均显著高于其他处理。40~60 cm土层中仅C3处理显著提高了土壤有机碳含量,与C0相比较,其提高幅度为4.67%,C3处理也相应地提高了大团聚体含量和GMD。研究表明,一次性施用生物炭不仅提高了耕层土壤有机碳含量、大团聚体含量和团聚体稳定性,也会相应地提高耕层以下土层有机碳含量和团聚体稳定性。对土壤耕层而言,生物炭作为土壤改良剂有其最适宜施用量,在本研究中,最适宜的施用量为31.50 t·hm^(-2)(C2处理)。生物炭对耕层以下土壤有机碳含量和团聚体稳定性的提高受生物炭施用量的影响,生物炭施用量越高,其对耕层以下土层的影响越大。

关键词：生物炭施用量土壤团聚体团聚体稳定性土壤有机碳

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