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Do nocturnal birds use acoustic and visual cues to avoid predation by bats?

Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 524-537页

作者： Lixin GONG Huan wu Zhiqiang WANG Hui wu Jiang FENG Tinglei JIANG Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of Education Ministry Institute of Grassland ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina College of Life Science Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchunChina

Anti-predation strategies are critical to animal survival and are fundamental to deciphering predator–prey interactions.As an important defense strategy,sensory predator detection(such as through acoustic and visual cues)enables animals to assess predation risk and execute predator-avoidance behavior;however,there are limited studies on the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.The prey of bats provides an excellent representative system for examining the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.Here,we broadcasted different types of echolocation calls of the bird-eating bat Ia io to two wild passerine birds,namely,Zosterops japonicus and Sinosuthora webbiana,that are preyed upon by I.io,and presented the birds with individual bats under different light intensities.The results showed that both bird species were able to perceive the low-frequency audible portion of the bats’echolocation calls;however,they did not exhibit escape responses to the acoustic stimuli.In the dark and under moonlit conditions,both bird species were unable to respond to active bats at close range and the birds only exhibited evasive flight behavior when bats approached or touched them.These results suggest that nocturnal passerine birds may not be able to use acoustic or visual cues to detect bats and adopt evasive maneuvers to avoid predation.This work suggests that bat predation pressure may not elicit primary predator-avoidance responses in nocturnal passerine birds.The results provide new insights into the anti-predation behavior of nocturnal animals.

关键词： anti-predation behavior nocturnal animals sensory cues sensory defenses

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Enhancing performance of low-temperature processed CsPbI2Br all-inorganic perovskite solar cells using polyethylene oxide-modified TiO_(2)

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 786-794页

作者： Xu Zhao Naitao Gao Shengcheng wu Shaozhen Li Sujuan wu School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan 430023China Institute for Advanced Materials and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials South China Academy of Advanced OptoelectronicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

CsPbX_(3)-based(X=I,Br,Cl)inorganic perovskite solar cells(PSCs)prepared by low-temperature process have attracted much attention because of their low cost and excellent thermal stability.However,the high trap state density and serious charge recombination between low-temperature processed TiO_(2)film and inorganic perovskite layer interface seriously restrict the performance of all-inorganic PSCs.Here a thin polyethylene oxide(PEO)layer is employed to modify TiO_(2)film to passivate traps and promote carrier collection.The impacts of PEO layer on microstructure and photoelectric characteristics of TiO_(2)film and related devices are systematically studied.Characterization results suggest that PEO modification can reduce the surface roughness of TiO_(2)film,decrease its average surface potential,and passivate trap states.At optimal conditions,the champion efficiency of CsPbI_(2)Br PSCs with PEO-modified TiO_(2)(PEO-PSCs)has been improved to 11.24%from 9.03%of reference PSCs.Moreover,the hysteresis behavior and charge recombination have been suppressed in PEO-PSCs.

关键词： polyethylene oxide-modified TiO_(2) film low-temperature process CsPbI_(2)Br-based all-inorganic perovskite solar cells photo-voltaic performance

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Towards adaptive graph neural networks via solving prior-data conflicts

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第3期25卷 369-383页

作者： Xugang wu Huijun wu Ruibo WANG Xu ZHOU Kai LU College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Graph neural networks(GNNs)have achieved remarkable performance in a variety of graph-related tasks.Recent evidence in the GNN community shows that such good performance can be attributed to the homophily prior;i.e.,connected nodes tend to have similar features and labels.However,in heterophilic settings where the features of connected nodes may vary significantly,GNN models exhibit notable performance deterioration.In this work,we formulate this problem as prior-data confict and propose a model called the mixture-prior graph neural network(MPGNN).First,to address the mismatch of homophily prior on heterophilic graphs,we introduce the non-informative prior,which makes no assumptions about the relationship between connected nodes and learns such relationship from the data.Second,to avoid performance degradation on homophilic graphs,we implement a soft switch to balance the effects of homophily prior and non-informative prior by learnable weights.We evaluate the performance of MPGNN on both synthetic and real-world graphs.Results show that MPGNN can effectively capture the relationship between connected nodes,while the soft switch helps select a suitable prior according to the graph characteristics.With these two designs,MPGNN outperforms state-of-the-art methods on heterophilic graphs without sacrificing performance on homophilic graphs.

关键词： Graph neural networks Heterophily Prior-data conflict

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Effects and mechanisms of acupuncture on women related health

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 46-67页

作者： Huichao Qin Jiaxing Feng Xiaoke wu Department of Reproductive Medicine Heilongjiang Provincial HospitalHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150036China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology First Affiliated HospitalHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin150040China

Globally,public health interventions have resulted in a 30-year increase in women’s life expectancy.However,women’s health has not increased when socioeconomic status is ignored.Women’s health has become a major public health concern,for those women from developing countries are still struggling with infectious and labor-related diseases,and their counterparts in developed countries are suffering from physical and psychological disorders.In recent years,complementary and alternative medicine has attracted wide attentions with regards to maintaining women’s health.Acupuncture,a crucial component of traditional Chinese medicine,has been used to treat many obstetric and gynecological diseases for thousands of years due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and its effects on stimulating the sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system.To fully understand the mechanism through which acupuncture exerts its effects in these diseases would significantly extend the list of available interventions and would allow for more reasonable advice to be given to general practitioners.Therefore,by searching PubMed and CNKI regarding the use of acupuncture in treating obstetric and gynecological diseases,we aimed to summarize the proven evidence of using acupuncture in maintaining women’s health by considering both its effectiveness and the underlying mechanisms behind its effects.

关键词： acupuncture women health clinical efficacy mechanism

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A GNSS Anti-Spoofing Technique Based on the Spatial Distribution Characteristic of the Residual Vectors

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 457-468页

作者： Qi'an wu Xiaowei Cui Mingquan Lu Pengxiang Yang Peng wu Department of Electronic Enginnering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Xi’an Modern Control Technology Research Institute Xi’an 710065China

Anti-spoofing is becoming a crucial technique for applications with high navigation accuracy and reliability requirements.Anti-spoofing technique based on Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring(RAIM)is a good choice for most Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receivers because it does not require any change to the hardware of the receiver.However,the conventional RAIM method can only detect and mitigate a single spoofing signal.Some improved RAIM methods can deal with more spoofing signals,but the computational complexity increases dramatically when the number of satellites in view increase or need additional information.This paper proposes a new RAIM method,called the SRV-RAIM method,which has a very low computation complexity regardless of the number of satellites in view and can deal with any number of spoofing signals.The key to the new method is the spatial distribution characteristic of the Satellites'Residual Vectors(SRV).In replay or generative spoofing scenarios,the pseudorange measurements of spoofing signals are consistent,the residual vectors of real satellites and those of spoofing satellites have good separation characteristics in spatial distribution.Based on this characteristic,the SRV-RAIM method is proposed,and the simulation results show that the method can separate the real signals and the spoofing signals with an average probability of 86.55%in the case of 12 visible satellites,regardless of the number of spoofing signals.Compared to the conventional traversal-RAIM method,the performance is only reduced by 3.59%,but the computational cost is reduced by 98.3%,so most of the GNSS receivers can run the SRV-RAIM algorithm in time.

关键词： Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) anti-spoofing Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring(RAIM) Satellites'Residual Vectors(SRV)

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A buffer overflow detection and defense method based on RiSC-V instruction set extension

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 28-43页

作者： Chang Liu Yan-Jun wu Jing-Zheng wu Chen Zhao Intelligent Software Research Center Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Buffer overflow poses a serious threat to the memory security of modern operating systems.It overwrites the con-tents of other memory areas by breaking through the buffer capacity limit,destroys the system execution environ-ment,and provides implementation space for various system attacks such as program control flow hijacking.That makes it a wide range of harms.A variety of security technologies have been proposed to deal with system security problems including buffer overflow.For example,No eXecute(NX for short)is a memory management technology commonly used in Harvard architecture.It can refuse the execution of code which residing in a specific memory,and can effectively suppress the abnormal impact of buffer overflow on control flow.Therefore,in recent years,it has also been used in the field of system security,deriving a series of solutions based on NX technology,such as ExecShield,DEP,StackGuard,etc.However,these security solutions often rely too much on the processor archi-tecture so that the protection coverage is insufficient and the accuracy is limited.Especially in the emerging system architecture field represented by RiSC-V,there is still a lack of effective solutions for buffer overflow vulnerabilities.With the continuous rapid development of the system architecture,it is urgent to develop defense methods that are applicable to different system application environments and oriented to all executable memory spaces to meet the needs of system security development.Therefore,we propose BOP,A new system memory security design method based on RISC-V extended instructions,to build a RISC-V buffer overflow detection and defense system and deal with the buffer overflow threat in RIsC-V.According to this method,NX technology can be combined with program control flow analysis,and Nx bit mechanism can be used to manage the executability of memory space,so as to achieve a more granular detection and defense of buffer overflow attacks that may occur in RISC-V system environment.In addition,The memory management an

关键词： RISc-V Operating system security Buffer overflow Control flow hijacking Nx bit Xibop

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Talcum-doped composite separator with superior wettability and heatproof properties for high-rate lithium metal batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第1期34卷 139-144页

作者： Mengqiu Yang Yuanpeng Ji Yunfa Dong Botao Yuan Liwei Dong Yuanpeng Liu Sue Hao Chunhui Yang xiaoqiang wu Qingquan Kong Jiecai Han Weidong He MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments and Center for Composite Materials and StructuresHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China Chongqing Research Institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyChongqing 401151China

Separator is supposed to own outstanding thermal stability,superior wettability and electrolyte uptake,which is essential for developing high-rate and safe lithium metal batteries(LMBs).However,commercial polyolefin separators possess poor wettability and limited electrolyte uptake.For addressing this issue,we put forward a composite separator to implement above functions by doping layered-silicate(talcum)into polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF).With significant improvement of electrolyte absorption benefiting from the strong adsorption energy values(-1.64-1.70 eV)between talcum and the electrolyte in lithium metal batteries,PVDF/Talcum(PVDF/TM)composite separator owns a small contact angle and superior electrolyte uptake.PVDF/TM composite separator with 10 wt%talcum(T-10)owns a tiny contact angle of 8°,while those of polypropylene(PP)and PVDF are 48°and 20°with commercial electrolyte.Moreover,the addition of thermotolerant talcum endows the T-10 composite separator with great thermostability,whose thermal shrinkage is only 5.39%at 150°C for 0.5 h.The cell with LiFeO4cathode and the T-10 composite separator reaches 91.7 m Ah/g in discharge capacity at 4.8 m A/cm^(2)(10 C),far superior to that with pure PVDF separator(56.3 m Ah/g)and PP(51.4 m Ah/g).

关键词： Lithium metal batteries Composite separator PVDF Talcum Wettability Thermal stability

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Design and Implementation of Nonlinear Precoding for MIMO-SDMA Toward 6G Wireless

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China Communications 2024年第1期21卷 69-87页

作者： Chaowu wu Yue Xiao Shu Fang Gang wu National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

In this paper,we present a novel and robust nonlinear precoding(NLP)design and detection structure specifically tailored for multiple-input multipleoutput space division multiple access(MIMO-SDMA)systems toward 6G wireless.Our approach aims to effectively mitigate the impact of imperfect channel estimation by leveraging the channel fluctuation mean square error(MSE)for reconstructing a highly accurate precoding matrix at the transmitter.Furthermore,we introduce a simplified receiver structure that eliminates the need for equalization,resulting in reduced interference and notable enhancements in overall system performance.We conduct both computer simulations and experimental tests to validate the efficacy of our proposed approach.The results reveals that the proposed NLP scheme offers significant performance improvements,making it particularly well-suited for the forthcoming 6G wireless.

关键词： MIMO-SDMA nonlinear precoding Tomlinson-Harashima precoding(THP) vector perturbation(VP)

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TGF-β-regulated different iron metabolism processes in the development and cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第2期32卷 373-391页

作者： JIANFA wu QIANYI LIAO LI ZHANG SUQIN wu ZHOU LIU Department of Gynecology Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghaiChina Department of Gynecology Shanghai University of Medicine&Health SciencesShanghaiChina Department of Gynecology Gongshan People’s HospitalNujiang Lisu Autonomous PrefectureChina

The impact of different iron metabolism processes(DIMP)on ovarian cancer remains unclear.In this study,we employed various gene chips and databases to investigate the role of DIMP in the initiation and development of ovarian cancer.cBioPortal was used to determine mutations in DIMP-associated genes in ovarian cancer.Kaplan-Meier plotter was used to examine the influence of DIMP on the prognosis of ovarian cancer.By analyzing 1669 serous ovarian cancer cases,we identified a range of mutations in iron metabolism genes,notably in those coding for the transferrin receptor(19%),melanotransferrin(19%),and ceruloplasmin(10%)in the iron import process,and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase(9%),hepcidin antimicrobial peptide(9%),metal regulatory transcription factor 1(8%),and bone morphogenetic protein 6(8%)in the iron regulation process.Compared to the unaltered group,the group with gene alterations exhibited a higher tumor mutation burden count(43 vs.54)and more advanced histologic grade(78.19%vs.87.90%).Compared to the normal ovarian counterparts,a reduction in expression was observed in 9 out of the 14 genes involved in iron utilization and 4 out of the 5 genes involved in iron export in ovarian cancer;in contrast,an increase in expression was observed in 2 out of the 3 genes involved in iron storage in ovarian cancer.Furthermore,in cisplatin-resistant cells compared to cisplatin-sensitive ones,the expression of all genes in iron storage and 13 out of 14 genes in iron import was decreased,while that of 8 out of the 10 genes in iron utilization was increased.In addition,survival curve analysis indicated that a higher expression in the majority of genes in the iron import process(12/21),or a reduced expression in most genes in the iron export process(4/5)correlated with poor progression-free survival.Additionally,TGF-βcould regulate the expression of most iron metabolism-associated genes;particularly,expression of genes involved in the iron storage process(2/2)was inhibited after TGF-β1 or TGF-β2 treatment.In conclusion,DIMP

关键词： Chemoresistance Cisplatin Iron Ovarian neoplasms TGF-β

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基于改进萤火虫算法的配电网故障恢复策略

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现代电力 2024年第2期41卷 287-294页

作者：杨奕刘青吴毅吴晓强新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学) 河北省保定市071003 国网江苏省电力有限公司盐城供电分公司江苏省盐城市224000

为提高含高比例新能源主动配电网的故障恢复可靠性,提出一种基于改进萤火虫算法的两阶段故障恢复策略。首先构建了风光储系统模型,减少了风光发电的不确定性对故障恢复的影响;第一阶段采用先广度后深度的组合算法对故障后的配电网进行... 详细信息

为提高含高比例新能源主动配电网的故障恢复可靠性,提出一种基于改进萤火虫算法的两阶段故障恢复策略。首先构建了风光储系统模型,减少了风光发电的不确定性对故障恢复的影响;第一阶段采用先广度后深度的组合算法对故障后的配电网进行孤岛划分,该组合算法充分考虑了负荷时变性及用户侧需求,保证了重要负荷被优先恢复;第二阶段采用改进萤火虫算法对配电网重构进行求解,最大限度地保证恢复供电,同时尽可能地减少网络损耗;最后以IEEE33节点配电网作为算例仿真,结果表明所提故障恢复策略能够得到配电网故障恢复最优方案,同时满足负荷用户侧需求,保证重要负荷不断电,提高供电恢复率,降低配电网故障后网损,验证了所述方法的有效性和优越性。

关键词：配电网分布式电源孤岛划分故障恢复改进萤火虫算法

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