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A novel Effective Panicle Number per Plant 4 haplotype enhances grain yield by coordinating panicle number and grain number in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 202-212页

作者： Yun wang xiaoqian wang Laiyuan Zhai Sundus Zafar Congcong Shen Shuangbing Zhu Kai Chen Yun wang Jianlong Xu State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120GuangdongChina Rice Research Institute Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866LiaoningChina National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya) Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSanya 572024HainanChina

Increasing effective panicle number per plant(EPN)is one approach to increase yield potential in rice.However,molecular mechanisms underlying EPN remain unclear.In this study,we integrated mapbased cloning and genome-wide association analysis to identify the EPN4 gene,which is allelic to NARROW LEAF1(NAL1).Overexpression lines containing the Teqing allele(TQ)of EPN4 had significantly increased EPN.NIL-EPN4^(TQ) in japonica(geng)cultivar Lemont(LT)exhibited significantly improved EPN but decreased grain number and flag leaf size relative to LT.Haplotype analysis indicated that accessions with EPN4-1 had medium EPN,medium grain number,and medium grain weight,but had the highest grain yield among seven haplotypes,indicating that EPN4-1 is an elite haplotype of EPN4 for positive coordination of the three components of grain yield.Furthermore,accessions carrying the combination of EPN4-1 and haplotype GNP1-6 of GNP1 for grain number per panicle showed higher grain yield than those with other allele combinations.Therefore,pyramiding of EPN4-1 and GNP1-6 could be a preferred approach to obtain high yield potential in breeding.

关键词： Rice Effective panicle number per plant Grain number per panicle Haplotype Grain yield potential

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Function-reversible facets enabling SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals for improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 101-109页

作者： Bin wang Bei AN xiaoqian LI Shaohua SHEN School of Physics Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter(Ministry of Education)Key Laboratory of Shaanxi for Advanced Materials and Mesoscopic PhysicsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

It has been widely reported that,for faceted nanocrystals,the two adjacent facets with different band levels contribute to promoted charge separation,and provide active sites for photocatalytic reduction and oxidation reaction,respectively.In such cases,only one family of facets can be used for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.Herein,by using SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals enclosed by{023}and{001}facets as a model photocatalyst,this paper proposed a strategy to achieve the full-facets-utilization of the nanocrystals for photocatalytic hydrogen via chemically depositing Pt nanoparticles on all facets.The photo-deposition experiment of CdS provided direct evidence to demonstrate that the{023}facets which were responsible for photooxidation reaction can be function-reversed for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution after depositing Pt nanoparticles,together with the{001}facets.Thus,the full-facets-utilization led to a much-improved activity for photocatalytic hydrogen,in contrast to those SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals with only{001}facets deposited by Pt nanoparticles via a photo-deposition method.

关键词： SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals crystal facets photocatalysis hydrogen evolution

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Chiral transmission by an open evolution trajectory in a non-Hermitian system

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 628-636页

作者： xiaoqian Shu Qi Zhong Kai Hong Oubo You Jian wang Guangwei Hu Andrea Alù Shuang Zhang Demetrios N.Christodoulides Lin Chen Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China. Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou 311121China. CREOL College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFlorida 32816USA. Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNY 10031USA. Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen 518063China

Exceptional points(EPs),at which two or more eigenvalues and eigenstates of a resonant system coalesce,are associated with non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with gain and/or loss elements.Dynamic encircling of EPs has received significant interest in recent years,as it has been shown to lead to highly nontrivial phenomena,such as chiral transmission in which the final state of the system depends on the encircling handedness.Previously,chiral transmission for a pair of eigenmodes has been realized by establishing a closed dynamical trajectory in parity-time-(PT-)or anti-PT-symmetric systems.Although chiral transmission of symmetry-broken modes,more accessible in practical photonic integrated circuits,has been realized by establishing a closed trajectory encircling EPs in anti-PTsymmetric systems,the demonstrated transmission efficiency is very low due to path-dependent losses.Here,we demonstrate chiral dynamics in a coupled waveguide system that does not require a closed trajectory.Specifically,we explore an open trajectory linking two infinite points having the same asymptotic eigenmodes(not modes in PT-and anti-PT-symmetric systems),demonstrating that this platform enables high-efficiency chiral transmission,with each eigenmode localized in a single waveguide.This concept is experimentally implemented in a coupled silicon waveguide system at telecommunication wavelengths.Our work provides a new evolution strategy for chiral dynamics with superior performance,laying the foundation for the development of practical chiral-transmission devices.

关键词： chiral system symmetric

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Rice gene OsUGT75A regulates seedling emergence under deep-sowing conditions

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 133-141页

作者： Jia Zhao Siyu Liu xiaoqian Zhao Zhibo Huang Shan Sun Zixuan Zeng Yongqi He Zhoufei wang The Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular BreedingNational Engineering Research Center of Plant Space BreedingSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina

Poor seedling emergence is a challenge for direct seeding of rice under deep-sowing field conditions.Here we reveal that UDP-glucosyltransferase OsUGT75A promotes rice seedling emergence under deepsowing conditions by increasing shoot length.Expression of OsUGT75A was higher in the middle regions of the shoot and in shoots under deep-sowing conditions.Levels of free abscisic acid(ABA)and jasmonates(JA)were higher in shoots of OsUGT75A mutants than in those of wild-type plants,and OsUGT75A mutants were more sensitive to ABA and JA treatments.Reduced shoot length was attributed to higher ABA INSENSITIVE 3(OsABI3)expression and lower JASMONATE-ZIM domain protein(OsJAZ)expression in shoots.Shoot extension by OsUGT75A is achieved mainly by promotion of cell elongation.An elite haplotype of OsUGT75A associated with increased shoot length was identified among indica rice accessions.OsUGT75A acts to increase seedling emergence under deep-sowing conditions.

关键词： Abscisic acid Deep-sowing Jasmonic acid Rice Shoot length

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Plasma induced grain boundaries to boost electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 636-643页

作者： Guan wang Shengtao Zhong xiaoqian Xiong Jing Li Fangyuan wang Li Huo Daoxiong Wu Xingqi Han Zhitong wang Qi Chen Xinlong Tian Peilin Deng School of Marine Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan University

Bismuth-based catalysts are highly promising for the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction（eCO2RR） to formate product.However,achieving high activity and selectivity towards formate and ensuring long-term stability remains challenging.This work reports the oxygen plasma inducing strategy to construct the abundant grain boundaries of Bi/BiOxon ultrathin two-dimensional Bi nanosheets.The oxygen plasma-treated Bi nanosheet（OP-Bi） exhibits over 90% Faradaic efficiency（FE） for formate at a wide potential range from-0.5 to-1.1 V,and maintains a great stability catalytic performance without significant decay over 30 h in flow cell.Moreover,membrane electrode assembly（MEA） device with OPBi as catalyst sustains the robust current density of 100 mA cm-2over 50 h,maintaining a formate FE above 90%.In addition,rechargeable Zn-CO2battery presents the peak power density of1.22 mW cm-2with OP-Bi as bifunctional catalyst.The mechanism experiments demonstrate that the high-density grain boundaries of OP-Bi provide more exposed active sites,faster electron transfer capacity,and the stronger intrinsic activity of Bi atoms.In situ spectroscopy and theo retical calculations further elucidate that the unsaturated Bi coordination atoms between the grain boundaries can effectively activate CO2molecules through elongating the C-O bond,and reducing the formation energy barrier of the key intermediate（*OCOH）,thereby enhancing the catalytic performance of eCO2RR to formate product.

关键词： Bi nanosheet CO2 electroreduction Grain boundary MEA device Unsaturation Bi atoms

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A single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of primate liver aging uncovers the pro-senescence role of SREBP2 in hepatocytes

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Protein & Cell 2024年第2期15卷 98-120页

作者： Shanshan Yang Chengyu Liu Mengmeng Jiang xiaoqian Liu Lingling Geng Yiyuan Zhang Shuhui Sun Kang wang jian Yin Shuai Ma Si wang Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte Weiqi Zhang Jing Qu Guang-Hui Liu Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100053China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Aging Biomarker Consortium Beijing 100101China Altos Labs Inc.San DiegoCA 94022USA

Aging increases the risk ofliver diseases and systemic susceptibility to aging-related diseases.However,cell type-specific changes and the underlying mechanism of liver aging in higher vertebrates remain incompletely characterized.Here,we constructed the first single-nucleus transcriptomic landscape of primate liver aging,in which we resolved cell type-specific gene expression fluctuation in hepatocytes across three liver zonations and detected aberrant cell-cell interactions between hepatocytes and niche cells.Upon in-depth dissection of this rich dataset,we identifed impaired lipid metabolism and upregulation of chronic inflammation-related genes prominently associated with declined liver functions during aging.In particular,hyperactivated sterol regulatory element-binding protein(SREBP)signaling was a hallmark of the aged liver,and consequently,forced activation of SREBP2 in human primary hepatocytes recapitulated in vivo aging phenotypes,manifesting as impaired detoxification and accelerated cellular senescence.This study expands our knowledge of primate liver aging and informs the development of diagnostics and therapeutic interventions for liver aging and associated diseases.

关键词： single-nucleus RNA sequencing liver hepatocytes aging senescence SREBP2

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Electron-deficient ZnO induced by heterointerface engineering as the dominant active component to boost CO_(2)-to-formate conversion

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 127-136页

作者： Qing Qin Zijian Li Yingzheng Zhang Haeseong Jang Li Zhai Liqiang Hou xiaoqian Wei Zhe wang Min Gyu Kim Shangguo Liu Xien Liu College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Chung-Ang UniversityAnseong-siGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Beamline Research Division Pohang Accelerator Laboratory(PAL)PohangRepublic of Korea

Electrocatalytic CO_(2)-to-formate conversion is considered an economically viable process.In general,Zn-based nanomaterials are well-known to be highly efficient electrocatalysts for the conversion of CO_(2) to CO,but seldom do they exhibit excellent selectivity toward formate.In this article,we demonstrate that a heterointerface catalyst ZnO/ZnSnO3 with nanosheet morphology shows enhanced selectivity with a maximum Faradaic efficiency(FE)of 86%at−0.9 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode and larger current density for the conversion of CO_(2) to formate than pristine ZnO and ZnSnO3.In particular,the FEs of the C1 products(CO+HCOO−)exceed 98%over the potential window.The experimental measurements combined with theoretical calculations revealed that the ZnO in ZnO/ZnSnO3 heterojunction delivers the valence electron depletion and accordingly optimizes Zn d-band center,which results in moderate Zn-O hybridization of HCOO*and weakened Zn-C hybridization of competing COOH*,thus greatly boosting the HCOOH generation.Our study highlights the importance of charge redistribution in catalysts on the selectivity of electrochemical CO_(2) reduction.

关键词： charge redistribution CO_(2)reduction reaction electrocatalyst heterointerfaces selectivity

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Genetic mechanisms in generalized epilepsies

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Acta Epileptologica 2023年第1期6卷 1-13页

作者： xiaoqian wang Xueyi Rao Jia Zhang Jing Gan Department of Pediatrics West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityNo.20Section ThreeSouth Renmin RoadChengdu 610041China Key Laboratory of Obstetrics&Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education Sichuan UniversityNo.20Section ThreeSouth Renmin RoadChengdu 610041SichuanChina

The genetic generalized epilepsies(GGEs)have been proved to generate from genetic impact by twin studies and family studies.The genetic mechanisms of generalized epilepsies are always updating over time.Although the genetics of GGE is complex,there are always new susceptibility genes coming up as well as copy number variations which can lead to important breakthroughs in exploring the problem.At the same time,the development of ClinGen fades out some of the candidate genes.This means we have to fgure out what accounts for a reliable gene for GGE,in another word,which gene has sufcient evidence for GGE.This will improve our understanding of the genetic mechanisms of GGE.In this review,important up-to-date genetic mechanisms of GGE were discussed.

关键词： Genetic generalized epilepsies Genetic mechanism Susceptibility gene Copy number variations

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人工智能技术在脓毒症早期辅助诊断中应用的研究进展

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中华危重病急救医学 2024年第1期36卷 98-101页

作者：王孝乾齐文杰首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院感染内科北京100050

脓毒症是一种由感染引发,最终可导致全身多器官功能障碍甚至危及生命的疾病。早期识别、早期干预是治疗脓毒症的关键,可显著改善患者的预后。然而,目前采用单一生物标志物对脓毒症进行早期诊断的效果仍不理想。近年来,研究者将早期诊断... 详细信息

脓毒症是一种由感染引发,最终可导致全身多器官功能障碍甚至危及生命的疾病。早期识别、早期干预是治疗脓毒症的关键,可显著改善患者的预后。然而,目前采用单一生物标志物对脓毒症进行早期诊断的效果仍不理想。近年来,研究者将早期诊断脓毒症的目光投向了人工智能技术。本文简要介绍了脓毒症相关炎症指标、生物标志物及危重症评分系统早期识别脓毒症的优劣势,并着重对人工智能技术用于脓毒症早期诊断的研究进展及局限进行综述,以寻求脓毒症早期诊断的新办法、新思路。

关键词：脓毒症早期诊断生物标志物机器学习人工智能

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Signal Clipping at Transmitter and Receiver of O-OFDM for VLC under Optical Power Constraint

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China Communications 2022年第6期19卷 154-168页

作者： Liang Xia xiaoqian wang Zhiwen Sun Zhitian Cheng Jing Jin Yifei Yuan Guangyi Liu Tao Jiang Yuhong Huang Future Mobile Technology Lab China Mobile Research InstituteBeijing 100053China

Visible light communications(VLC)is considered as an effective supplement technology for next-generation(6G)communications due to its abundant spectrum,high power efficiency and easy deployment.Optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(O-OFDM)is a common technology to obtain further promotion.In this paper,two typical O-OFDM schemes direct current biased O-OFDM(DCO-OFDM)and asymmetrically clipped O-OFDM(ACO-OFDM)are analyzed in terms of signal clipping at both transmitter and receiver under the constraints of maximum optical power and non-negative optical power.And effective electrical SNR models after signal clipping are proposed and verified by link simulation.Then a noise cancellation scheme is proposed based on received signal clipping and is proved to bring a significant gain for ACO-OFDM.By system simulation,we find that under a certain optical power limitation,most users can achieve above 4 Gbps in indoor scenario when modulation bandwidth of the light emit diode(LED)or laser diode(LD)is 1 GHz.Therefore,it can be expected that the throughput could reach tens Gbps when the LED/LD modulation bandwidth is increased and multiple LEDs/LDs are deployed.

关键词： 6G visible light communications optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing clipping bit error rate throughput

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