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The photosynthetic oxygen evolution does not exclude the important role and contribution of bicarbonate photolysis

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 174-179页

作者： Yanyou Wu Shaogang guo State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Photosynthesis is the most important biochemical reaction on Earth. It has co-evolved and developed with the Earth, driving the biogeochemical cycle of all elements on the planet and serving as the only chemical process in nature that can convert light energy into chemical energy. Some heavy oxygen isotopic(^(18)O) labeling experiments have"conclusively" demonstrated that the oxygen released by photosynthesis comes only from water and are written into textbooks. However, it is not difficult to find that bicarbonate has never been excluded from the direct substrate of photosynthesis from beginning to end during the history of photosynthesis research. No convincing mechanism can be used to explain photosynthetic oxygen evolution solely from water photolysis. The bicarbonate effect, the Dole effect, the thermodynamic convenience of bicarbonate photolysis, the crystal structure characteristics of photosystem Ⅱ, and the reinterpretation of heavy oxygen isotopic labeling(^(18)O)experiments all indicate that the photosynthetic oxygen evolution does not exclude the important role and contribution of bicarbonate photolysis. The recently proposed view that bicarbonate photolysis is the premise of water photolysis, bicarbonate photolysis and water photolysis work together with a 1:1(mol/mol) stoichiometric relationship, and the stoichiometric relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide released during photosynthetic oxygen evolution is also 1:1, has excellent applicability and objectivity, which can logically and reasonably explain the precise coordination between light and dark reactions during photosynthesis, the bicarbonate effect, the Dole effect, the Kok cycle and the neutrality of water and carbon in nature.This is of great significance for constructing the bionic artificial photosynthetic reactors and scientifically answering the question of the source of elemental stoichiometric relationships in nature.

关键词： Bicarbonate effect Dole effect Kok cycle Heavy oxygen isotope Artificial photosynthetic reactor

Evaluation of water management on arsenic methylation and volatilization in arsenic-contaminated soils strengthened by bioaugmentation and biostimulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 515-526页

作者： Peng Chen Yi Liu guo-Xin Sun State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Arsenic(As) fate in paddy fields has been one of the most significant current issues due to the strong As accumulation potential of rice plants under fooded conditions. However,no attempt was done to explore As methylation and volatilization under non-fooded conditions. Herein, we investigated the effects of water management on As methylation and volatilization in three arsenic-contaminated soils enhanced by biostimulation with strawderived organic matter and bioaugmentation with genetic engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440(GE P. putida). Under fooded conditions, the application of biochar(BC), rice straw(RS)and their combination(BC+RS) increased total As in porewater. However, these effects were greatly attenuated under non-fooded conditions. Compared with RS amendment alone, the combination of GE P. putida and RS further promoted the As methylation and volatilization,and the promotion percentage under non-fooded conditions were significantly higher than that under fooded conditions. The combined GE P. putida and RS showed the highest efficiency in As methylation(88 μg/L) and volatilization(415.4 μg/(kg·year)) in the non-fooded soil with moderate As contamination. Finally, stepwise multiple linear regression analysis presented that methylated As, DOC and p H in porewater were the most important factors contributing to As volatilization. Overall, our findings suggest that combination of bioaugmentation with GE P. putida and biostimulation with RS/BC+RS is a potential strategy for bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated soils by enhancing As methylation and volatilization under non-fooded conditions.

关键词： Arsenic methylation Arsenic volatilization Water management Straw incorporation Bioaugmentation

A Deep Learning Method for Computing Eigenvalues of the Fractional Schrödinger Operator

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第2期37卷 391-412页

作者： guo Yixiao MING Pingbing LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering ComputingAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The authors present a novel deep learning method for computing eigenvalues of the fractional Schrödinger operator.The proposed approach combines a newly developed loss function with an innovative neural network architecture that incorporates prior knowledge of the problem.These improvements enable the proposed method to handle both high-dimensional problems and problems posed on irregular bounded domains.The authors successfully compute up to the first 30 eigenvalues for various fractional Schrödinger operators.As an application,the authors share a conjecture to the fractional order isospectral problem that has not yet been studied.

关键词： Eigenvalue problem deep learning fractional Schrödinger operator isospectral problem

Thermodynamic and experimental study of high-temperature roasting of blast furnace gas ash for recovery of metallic zinc and iron

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第1期31卷 108-120页

作者： Zi-han Wang Jing guo Han-jie guo Bin Li School of Metallurgical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055ShaanxiChina

A high-temperature reduction roasting method was used to achieve metallic iron and zinc recovery from blast furnace gas ash(BFA).The reduction processes for Zn-containing and Fe-containing oxides were analyzed in detail by using ther-modynamic equilibrium calculation and the principle of minimum free energy.The results showed that the main reaction in the system is the reduction of ZnFe_(2)_(4)and iron oxides.Over the full temperature range,iron oxides were more easily reduced than zinc oxides.Regardless of the amount of CO contained in the system,the reduction of ZnO to Zn was difficult to proceed below the boiling point(906℃)of Zn.When the reduction temperature is below 906℃,the reduction process of zinc ferrate was ZnFe_(2)_(4)→ZnO;when the reduction temperature is above 906℃,its reduction process becomed ZnFe_(2)_(4)→ZnO→Zn(g).The metallization and dezincification rates of the BFA gradually increased with increasing reaction temperature.As the C/O ratio increased,the metallization and dezincification rates first increased and then decreased.The effect of reduction time on BFA reduction was similar to that of reaction temperature.

关键词： Blast furnace gas ash Thermodynamics Zinc removal Iron reduction High-temperature reduction roasting Integrated utilization

Thermogravimetric characteristics of corn straw and bituminous coal copyrolysis based the ilmenite oxygen carriers

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 8-15页

作者： Pengxing Yuan Xiude Hu Jingjing Ma Tuo guo Qingjie guo College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao 266042China State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Herein,the co-pyrolysis reaction characteristics of corn straw(CS)and bituminous coal in the presence of ilmenite oxygen carriers(OCs)are investigated via thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry.The results reveal that the participation of OCs weakens the devolatilization intensity of co-pyrolysis.When the CS blending ratio is<50%,the mixed fuel exhibits positive synergistic effects.The fitting results according to the Coats-Redfern integral method show that the solidesolid interaction between OCs and coke changes the reaction kinetics,enhancing the co-pyrolysis reactivity at the high-temperature zone(750e950C).The synergistic effect is most prominent at a 30%CS blending ratio,with copyrolysis activation energy in the range of 26.35-40.57 kJ·mol^(-1).

关键词： Oxygen carrier Co-pyrolysis Biomass Coal

Proof of Two Supercongruences of Truncated Hypergeometric Series_(4)F_(3)

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第4期40卷 1015-1028页

作者： guo Shuai MAO Department of Mathematics Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044P.R.China

In this paper,we prove two supercongruences conjectured by Z.-W.Sun via the Wilf-Zeilberger method.One of them is,for any prime p>3,4F3[7/6 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/6 1 1]-1/8]-1/2≡p(-2/p)+p^(3)/4(2/p)Ep-3 (mod p^(4))where(·/p... 详细信息

关键词： Supercongruence truncated hypergeometric series Wilf–Zeilberger method Euler numbers Legendre symbol

Impacts of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency on gut microbiota

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第4期25卷 271-279页

作者： Yulin guo Feng CAO Fei LI Department of General Surgery Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Acute Pancreatitis Clinical Center of Capital Medical University Beijing 100053China

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be induced by various kinds of diseases,including chronic pancreatitis,acute pancreatitis,and post-pancreatectomy.The main pathogenetic mechanism of PEI involves the decline of trypsin synthesis,disorder of pancreatic fluid flow,and imbalance of secretion feedback.Animal studies have shown that PEI could induce gut bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis,with the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increasing the most,which could be partially reversed by pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy.Clinical studies have also confirmed the association between PEI and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota.Pancreatic exocrine secretions and changes in duodenal p H as well as bile salt malabsorption brought about by PEI may affect and shape the abundance and composition of gut microbiota.In turn,the gut microbiota may impact the pancreatic exocrine acinus through potential bidirectional crosstalk.Going forward,more and higher-quality studies are needed that focus on the mechanism underlying the impact of PEI on the gut microbiota.

关键词： Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Gut microbiota Gut microbiome Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy

Endoscopic intramural cystogastrostomy for treatment of peripancreatic fluid collection: A viewpoint from a surgeon

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 610-613页

作者： Chen-guo Ker Department of General Surgery E-Da HospitalI-Shou UniversityKaohsiung 824Taiwan

Percutaneous or endoscopic drainage is the initial choice for the treatment of peripancreatic fluid collection in symptomatic patients.Endoscopic transgastric fenestration(ETGF)was first reported for the management of pancreatic pseu-docysts of 20 patients in 2008.From a surgeon’s viewpoint,ETGF is a similar procedure to cystogastrostomy in that they both produce a wide outlet orifice for the drainage of fluid and necrotic debris.ETGF can be performed at least 4 wk after the initial onset of acute pancreatitis and it has a high priority over the surgical approach.However,the surgical approach usually has a better success rate because surgical cystogastrostomy has a wider outlet(>6 cm vs 2 cm)than ETGF.However,percutaneous or endoscopic drainage,ETGF,and surgical approach offer various treatment options for peripancreatic fluid collection patients based on their conditions.

关键词： Pancreatitis Pancreatic pseudocyst Endoscopic cystogastrostomy Surgical cystogastrostomy Peripancreatic fluid collection Fenestration for pancreatic cyst

Impact of Alcian blue and periodic acid Schiff expression on the prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 687-698页

作者： Juan Lin Zhu-Feng Chen guo-Dong guo Xin Chen Shengli Clinical Medical College Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine Fujian Provincial HospitalFuzhou 350001Fujian ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The Alcian blue(AB)and periodic acid Schiff(PAS)stains are representative mucus markers in gastric signet ring cell carcinoma(SRCC).They are low-cost special staining methods used to detect acidic mucus and neutral mucus,respectively.However,the clinical importance of the special combined AB and PAS stain is unclear.AIM To investigate AB expression,PAS expression and the AB-to-PAS(A/P)ratio in gastric SRCC patients and to assess patient prognosis.METHODS Paraffin-embedded sections from 83 patients with gastric SRCC were stained with AB and PAS,and signet ring cell positivity was assessed quantitatively.Immuno-histochemical staining for Ki67,protein 53(P53)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)was performed simultaneously.The cancer-specific survival(CSS)rate was estimated via Kaplan-Meier analysis.Cox proportional hazards models were used for univariate and multivariate survival analyses.RESULTS Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the 3-year CSS rate was significantly greater in the high-PAS-expression subgroup than in the low-PAS-expression subgroup(P0.5 group(P=0.042).Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the factors affecting prognosis included tumor diameter,lymph node metastasis,vessel carcinoma embolus,tumor stage,the A/P ratio and the expression of Ki67,P53 and the PAS.Cox multivariate regression analysis confirmed that low PAS expression[hazard ratio(HR)=3.809,95%confidence interval(CI):1.563-9.283,P=0.003]and large tumor diameter(HR=2.761,95%CI:1.086-7.020,P=0.033)were independent risk factors for poor prognosis.CONCLUSION A/P>0.5 is potentially a risk factor for prognosis,and low PAS expression is an independent risk factor in the prognosis of gastric SRCC.PAS expression and the A/P ratio could help in predicting the clinical prognosis of patients with SRCC.

关键词： Alcian blue Periodic acid-Schiff Prognosis Gastric Signet ring cell carcinoma