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How the surface Cu layer affected the activity of Ni foil for alkaline hydrogen evolution

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 11-18页

作者： Qingfeng Hu Yuan Liu Xuerong Zheng Jinfeng Zhang Jiajun Wang xiaopeng han Yida Deng Wenbin Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea School of Materials Science and EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou 350207China

Synthesizing bimetallic nanomaterials,with noble metals as the surface layers and inert metals as the substrates,has been proven to be an effective way to reduce the use of noble metals with maintained catalytic activity.However,an atomic diffusion from the inert substrate to the surface during the long-term operation has been reported to significantly decrease the activity.In this work,a series of catalysis-inert Cu-coated Ni foil were fabricated through electrodeposition and their activities for alkaline hydrogen evolution were investigated.Notably,the Ni/Cu-60 sample showed a similar catalytic property with pure Ni foil and only a slight decrease in HER activity was observed.The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results indicated a decreased electron concentration of Cu in Ni/Cu-60,and theoretical calculations further demonstrated the electron transfer between the Ni substrate and Cu layer.Our results reveal that a specific composition or structure of an inert metal layer might not significantly decrease the electrocatalytic activity of active metals.Moreover,there are more possibilities for the rational design of metal-based catalysts for electrocatalysis.

关键词： Bimetallic heterostructure Charge redistribution Water splitting Alkaline hydrogen evolution

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Correlating the crystal structure and facet of indium oxides with their activities for CO_(2)electroreduction

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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 635-641页

作者： Jiajun Wang Guangjin Wang han Wu Fei Liu Xixi Ren Yidu Wang Yanhui Cao Qi Lu Xuerong Zheng xiaopeng han Yida Deng Wenbin Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea School of Materials Science and EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityBinhai New CityFuzhou 350207China

Constructing structure-function relationships is critical for the rational design and development of efficient catalysts for CO2 electroreduction reaction(CO2RR).In2O3 is well-known for its specific ability to produce formic acid.However,how the crystal phase and surface affect the CO_(2)RR activity is still unclear,making it difficult to further improve the intrinsic activity and screen for the most active structure.In this work,cubic and hexagonal In_(2)O_(3) with different stable surfaces((111)and(110)for cubic,(120)and(104)for hexagonal)are investigated for CO_(2)RR.Theoretical results demonstrate that the adsorption of reactants on cubic In_(2)O_(3) is stronger than that on hexagonal In_(2)O_(3),with the cubic(111)surface being the most active for CO_(2)RR.In experiments,synthesized cubic In_(2)O_(3) nanosheets with predominantly exposed(111)surfaces exhibited a high HCOO^(-)Faradaic efficiency(87.5%)and HCOO^(–)current density(–16.7 mA cm^(-2))at–0.9 V vs RHE.In addition,an aqueous Zn-CO_(2) battery based on a cubic In2O3 cathode was assembled.Our work correlates the phases and surfaces with the CO_(2)RR activity,and provides a fundamental understanding of the structure-function relationship of In_(2)O_(3),thereby contributing to further improvements in its CO_(2)RR activity.Moreover,the results provide a principle for the directional preparation of materials with optimal phases and surfaces for efficient electrocatalysis.

关键词： Structure-function relationship CO_(2)electroreduction Indium oxide Reactionmechanism Catalyst design

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Automatic modulation recognition of radiation source signals based on two-dimensional data matrix and improved residual neural network

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 364-373页

作者： Guanghua Yi Xinhong Hao xiaopeng Yan Jian Dai Yangtian Liu Yanwen han Science and Technology on Electromechanical Dynamic Control Laboratory School of Mechatronical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China BIT Tangshan Research Institute Beijing 100081China

Automatic modulation recognition(AMR)of radiation source signals is a research focus in the field of cognitive radio.However,the AMR of radiation source signals at low SNRs still faces a great challenge.Therefore,the AMR method of radiation source signals based on two-dimensional data matrix and improved residual neural network is proposed in this paper.First,the time series of the radiation source signals are reconstructed into two-dimensional data matrix,which greatly simplifies the signal preprocessing process.Second,the depthwise convolution and large-size convolutional kernels based residual neural network(DLRNet)is proposed to improve the feature extraction capability of the AMR model.Finally,the model performs feature extraction and classification on the two-dimensional data matrix to obtain the recognition vector that represents the signal modulation type.Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the AMR method based on two-dimensional data matrix and improved residual network can significantly improve the accuracy of the AMR method.The recognition accuracy of the proposed method maintains a high level greater than 90% even at -14 dB SNR.

关键词： Automatic modulation recognition Radiation source signals Two-dimensional data matrix Residual neural network Depthwise convolution

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Reversible Zn stripping/plating achieved by surface thin Sn layer for high-performance aqueous zinc metal batteries

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第22期117卷 72-78页

作者： Bingfeng Cui Yu Gao xiaopeng han Wenbin Hu Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education)School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Aqueous zinc metal batteries (ZMBs) are considered as the most promising candidate for large-scale energy storage system due to their abundant reserves and high safety. To achieve highly stable zinc metalbatteries, it is imperative to inhibit the unavoidable dendrite growth, which leads to the non-uniformzinc deposition and even makes the battery short circuit. Herein, Sn coating is loaded on copper foil(SCF) by a simple electrodeposition to guide the uniform zinc deposition, which not only lowers the zincnucleation overpotential but also promotes the uniform zinc deposition/dissolution. As a result, the Znplated SCF (Zn@SCF) anode presents a low voltage hysteresis of ∼40 mV and a superior stability over270 h in symmetric cells at a current density of 1 mA cm^(−2). Furthermore, the Zn@SCF anode can realizethe improved performance for full cells paired with α-MnO_(2) cathode. This work provides a simple andeffective approach to modify the Zn anode for improved electrochemical performance of ZMBs.

关键词： Tin coatings Uniform zinc deposition Zinc anode Zinc metal batteries

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Selective electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2) to formate via carbon-shell-encapsulated In_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles/graphene nanohybrids

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第26期121卷 220-226页

作者： Yidu Wang Jingnan Ding Jun Zhao Jiajun Wang xiaopeng han Yida Deng Wenbin Hu Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education) Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea School of Materials Science and EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhouBinhai New City 350207China

Constructing nanohybrids with a synergistic effect using multi-components and specific micro/nanostructures can significantly enhance their electrocatalytic activity.In this work,we fabricated an In_(2)O_(3)■NC@GO nanohybrid,in which In_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles(NPs)were encapsulated by an N-doped carbon(NC)shell and supported on graphene.The multi-components in In_(2)O_(3)■NC@GO synergistically optimize the structural and electronic properties of the material.The particle size and dispersion of In_(2)O_(3)NPs were optimized owing to the separation effect of the amorphous NC shell and graphene support.This separation effect exposes more number of active sites for the electrochemical reaction.Abundant oxygen vacancies exist in In_(2)O_(3),leading to a stronger ability for the adsorption and activation of CO.The NC shell inhibits the direct contact between the electrolyte and In_(2)O_(3),which significantly suppresses competitive Hevolution.The charge transfer during the electrocatalysis process is also effectively enhanced due to the carbon components.The synergistic effect of multi-components in the In_(2)O_(3)■NC@GO sample results in a significantly improved COreduction reaction performance with a high HCOOFaradic efficiency(FE)of 91.2%and a current density of 40.38 m A cmat–0.8 V obtained using a flow cell.The present work demonstrates that rationally designing nanohybrids with multifunctional components is an effective strategy for optimizing the structural and electrocatalytic properties of materials for energy conversion.

关键词： In_(2)O_(3) CO_(2)reduction electrocatalyst Oxygen vacancies N-doped carbon Nanohybrids

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Dynamic stretching–electroplating metal-coated textile for a flexible and stretchable zinc–air battery

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Carbon Energy 2022年第5期4卷 867-877页

作者： Shengxiang Qu Jie Liu xiaopeng han Yida Deng Cheng Zhong Wenbin Hu Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhouFujianChina

A metal electrode is a significant component of a zinc–air battery(ZAB),but the metal material is usually not elastic,which severely restricts the application of flexible and stretchable ZABs in the field of wearable electronic devices.Herein,we report a flexible and stretchable metal-coated textile prepared by a dynamic stretching–electroplating based on a wavy spandex textile substrate.Benefiting from the unique woven and wavy structure,the metal-coated textile shows a high stretchability of 100%and stable conductivity.In situ scanning electron microscope observation during stretching showed that the tensile strain of the metal-coated textile is mainly attributed to the deformation of the microfiber network at the bottom position of the wave structure.In addition,a sodium carboxymethyl cellulose–polyacrylic acid–potassium hydroxide composite hydrogel has been used as the electrolyte.This hydrogel shows excellent ionic conductivity,mechanical properties,and water retention properties,which makes it suitable for the semi-open system of ZAB.Furthermore,a flexible and stretchable sandwich-structure ZAB,assembled using the above-mentioned electrodes and electrolyte,operates stably even under rapid stretching/releasing cycle deformation.Because of its facile preparation and low cost,this flexible and stretchable ZAB is suitable for fabrication of large-area batteries to obtain higher output current and power to drive wearable electronic devices.

关键词： dynamic stretching–electroplating hydrogel electrolyte metal-coated textile prestrain–load–recovery zinc–air battery

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Engineering cobalt sulfide/oxide heterostructure with atomically mixed interfaces for synergistic electrocatalytic water splitting

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1246-1253页

作者： Xiaoyang Wang Yu He xiaopeng han Jun Zhao Lanlan Li Jinfeng Zhang Cheng Zhong Yida Deng Wenbin Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsKey Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of EducationTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China

It remains challenging to develop economical and bifunctional electrocatalysts toward oxygen/hydrogen evolution reactions(OER/HER).Herein,we construct Co_(9)S_(8) nanoflakes decorated Co_(3)O_(4) nanoarrays with enriched heterogeneous interface zones on Ni foam(Co_(9)S_(8)@CO_(3)O_(4)/NF)via a novel step-wise approach.The Co_(9)S_(8)@Co_(3)O_(4)/NF hybrid manifests excellent performance with low overpotentials of 130 mV for HER(10 mA·cm^(-2))and 331 mV for OER(100 mA·cm^(-2)),delivering a small voltage of 1.52 V for water splitting at 10 mA·cm^(-2) as well as outstanding catalytic durability,which surpasses precious metals and previously reported earth-abundant nanocatalysts.Further experimental and theoretical investigations demonstrate that the excellent performance is attributed to the followings:(i)Highly conductive Ni facilitates the efficient charge transfer;(ii)porous core-shell nanoarchitecture benefits the infiltration and transportation of gases/ions;(iii)heterogeneous interface zones synergistically lower the chemisorption energy of hydrogen/oxygen intermediates.This work will shed light on the controllable synthesis and engineering of heterostructure nanomaterials for clean energy storage and conversion technologies.

关键词： nanocomposite heterointerface electrocatalysis oxygen evolution reaction hydrogen evolution reaction

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Snow and ice thicknesses derived from Fast Ice Prediction System Version 2.0(FIPS V2.0)in Prydz Bay,East Antarctica:comparison with in-situ observations

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Big Earth Data 2022年第4期6卷 492-503页

作者： Jiechen Zhao Jingjing Cheng Zhongxiang Tian xiaopeng han Hui Shen Guanghua Hao Honglin Guo Qi Shu Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting Centre(NMEFC)Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijingChina Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)QingdaoChina Department of Professional Publications China Ocean PressBeijingChina Department of Physical Oceanography First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdaoChina

In this paper,snow and ice thickness products derived from an updated Fast Ice Prediction System Version 2.0(FIPS V2.0)in Prydz Bay,East Antarctica,are introduced and compared with in-situ obser-vations.FIPS V2.0 is comprised of a newly-developed snowdrift parameterization compared to the original FIPS V1.0.The simulation domain covers the entire fast ice region in Prydz Bay and is config-ured to 720 grid cells,with a spatial resolution of 0.125°.The ERAInterim reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting(ECMWF)were used as the atmospheric forcing.The in-situ observations were obtained near Zhongshan Station by the wintering team,and the measurement frequency of the snow and ice thicknesses was around one week.Both the FIPS V2.0 pro-ducts and in-situ observations introduced in this paper cover the time periods from 2012 to 2016.The primary assessments based on the in-situ observations show that FIPS V2.0 has mean biases of 0.01±0.07 m and 0.23±0.09 m for snow and ice thickness simula-tions,respectively.The results indicate that the updated FIPS V2.0 produces a reasonable snow thickness due to the newly-developed snowdrift parameterization,but it overestimates the ice thickness due to the cold bias in the air temperature forcing.These 2-D snow and ice thickness distributions provide important references for sea ice thermodynamic studies,remote sensing validations,and ice-breaker navigation assessments in this region.The dataset is avail-able at http://***/10.11922/sciencedb.j00076.00066.

关键词： Snow thickness ice thickness FIPS V2.0 Prydz Bay East Antarctica

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Integrated Fabry–Perot interferometer based on Er/Yb co-doped fiber for all-optical phase modulation

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第4期22卷 95-100页

作者：汪凡林思雨曲彦臣韩晓鹏掌蕴东 National Key Laboratory of Tunable Laser Technology.Institute of Opto-Electronics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China

Fast and stable phase control is essential for many applications in optics. Here, we propose an all-fiber all-optical phase modulation scheme based on a Fabry–Perot interferometer(FPI) and an Er/Yb co-doped fiber(EYDF). By using the EYDF as an F-P cavity via rational design, a phase shift with a modulation sensitivity of 0.0312π/mW is introduced to the modulator.The phase shifts in the EYDF consist of a thermal phase shift and a nonlinear phase shift with a ratio of 19:1, and the corresponding temporal responses of the modulation are 204 ms and 2.5 ms, respectively. In addition, the compact FPI is encapsulated to provide excellent stability for the modulator.

关键词： in-line Fabry-Perot interferometer nonlinear phase shift all-optical phase modulation

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Semi-volatile organic compounds in a museum in China:A non-targeted screening approach

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年

作者： SONG ZiDong NIAN LuYing SHI Meng REN xiaopeng TANG Ming SHI AnMei han Ying LIU Min WANG LuYang ZhanG YinPing XU Ying FENG XiaoMeng Department of Building Science Tsinghua University Beijing Key Laboratory of Indoor Air Quality Evaluation and Control National Museum of China Department of Endocrinology Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Capital Medical University

Non-targeted analysis(NTA) was conducted to identify semi-volatile organic compounds(SVOCs) in a museum in China using the gas chromatography(GC)-Orbitrap-mass spectrometer(MS). Approximately 160 SVOCs were detected, of which 93 had not been reported in previous studies of museum environments. Many of the detected SVOCs were found to be associated with the chemical agents applied in conservation treatment and the materials used in furnishings. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) indicated a spatial variation of SVOCs in the indoor air in the museum, but there were no obvious temporal differences of SVOCs observed in indoor dust. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that several classes of SVOCs were well correlated, suggesting their common sources. Fragrances and plasticizers were found to be the primary sources of SVOC pollution detected in the museum. Compared with compounds in outdoor air, indoor SVOCs had a lower level of unsaturation and more portions of chemically reduced compounds. This study is the first of its kind to comprehensively characterize SVOCs in a museum using an automated NTA approach with GC-Orbitrap-MS. The SVOCs identified in the current study are likely to be present in other similar museums; therefore, further examination of their potential impacts on cultural heritage artifacts,museum personnel, and visitors may be warranted.

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