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Shock-induced energy localization and reaction growth considering chemical-inclusions effects for crystalline explosives

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 278-294页

作者： Ruqin Liu Yanqing Wu Xinjie wang Fenglei Huang xiaona Huang Yushi Wen State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072HubeiChina Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics(CAEP)Mianyang621999SichuanChina

Chemical inclusions significantly alter shock responses of crystalline explosives in macroscale gap experiments but their microscale dynamics origin remains unclear.Herein shock-induced energy localization,overall physical responses,and reactions in a-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane(a-RDX)crystal entrained various chemical inclusions were investigated by the multi-scale shock technique implemented in the reactive molecular dynamics method.Results indicated that energy localization and shock reaction were affected by the intrinsic factors within chemical inclusions,i.e.,phase states,chemical compositions,and concentrations.The atomic origin of chemical-inclusions effects on energy localization is dependent on the dynamics mechanism of interfacial molecules with free space volume,which includes homogeneous intermolecular compression,interfacial impact and shear,and void collapse and jet.As introducing various chemical inclusions,the initiation of those dynamics mechanisms triggers diverse decay rates of bulk RDX molecules and hereby impacts on growth speeds of final reactions.Adding chemical inclusions can reduce the effectiveness of the void during the shock impacting.Under the shockwave velocity of 9 km/s,the parent RDX decay rate in RDX entrained amorphous carbon decreases the most and is about one fourth of that in RDX with a vacuum void,and solid HMX and TATB inclusions are more reactive than amorphous carbon but less reactive than dry air or acetone inclusions.The lessdense shocking system denotes the greater increases in local temperature and stress,the faster energy liberation,and the earlier final reaction into equilibrium,revealing more pronounced responses to the present intense shockwave.The quantitative models associated with the relative system density(RD_(sys))were proposed for indicating energy-localization mechanisms and evaluating initiation safety in the shocked crystalline explosive.RD_(sys)is defined by the density ratio of defective RDX to perfect crystal after dynamics relaxation and reveals

关键词： Shock responses Energy localization Crystalline explosives Chemical inclusions Reactive molecular dynamics

Thermal and mechanical characterization of under-2-μm-thick AlCrNbSiTi high-entropy thin film

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Energy Storage and Saving 2024年第1期3卷 52-59页

作者： Yibo wang xiaona Huang Yan Liu Xiangyu Zhang Bing Yang Yanan Yue School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China

High-entropy alloys(HEAs)exhibit extraordinary physical properties such as superior strength-to-weight ratios and enhanced corrosion and oxidation resistance,making them potentially useful in energy storage and gener-ation industries.However,thermal and mechanical properties of HEAs with various compositions vary signifi-cantly.Furthermore,these properties have rarely been investigated simultaneously owing to material or instru-mentation limitations.Herein,we synthesize an HEA(AlCrNbSiTi)coating with a thickness of less than 2μm.We customize a frequency-domain photothermal testing system to characterize the thermal and mechanical proper-ties of the proposed coating with high accuracy.Owing to the large mixing enthalpy of the Al-Ti,Nb-Si,and Ti-Si pairs in the coating,its hardness and elastic modulus are 15.2 and 254.7 GPa,respectively,which are higher than those of previously reported HEAs.The thermal conductivity of the AlCrNbSiTi coating is characterized to be 2.90 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1),within the expected range and well explained by the free-electron consistency diversity and phonon scattering from the amorphous structure.Additionally,the coating exhibits adequate wear performance,with a wear rate of 5.4×10^(−8) mm^(3)·N^(−1)·m^(−1).This relatively low thermal conductivity,combined with extraordi-nary mechanical properties,makes the proposed material an excellent candidate as a protective coating material for nuclear reactor components which require high strength,irradiation resistance,and thermal protection.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Thin coating Thermal conductivity Mechanical properties Noncontact photothermal technique

Textured Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells Achieving Over 30% Efficiency Promoted by 4-Fluorobenzylamine Hydroiodide

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 557-570页

作者： Jingjing Liu Biao Shi Qiaojing Xu Yucheng Li Yuxiang Li Pengfei Liu Zetong SunLi Xuejiao wang Cong Sun Wei Han Diannan Li Sanlong wang Dekun Zhang Guangwu Li xiaona Du Ying Zhao Xiaodan Zhang Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center Solar Energy Conversion CenterInstitute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and TechnologyNankai UniversityTianjin 300350People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Tianjin 300350People’s Republic of China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192People’s Republic of China Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Tianjin 300350People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300072People’s Republic of China Center of Single‑Molecule Sciences Institute of Modern OpticsTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‑Scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyCollege of Electronic Information and Optical EngineeringNankai University38 Tongyan RoadJinnan DistrictTianjin 300350People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University 16Th FloorYantian Science and Technology BuildingHaishan StreetYantian DistrictShenzhen 518083People’s Republic of China

Monolithic textured perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells(TSCs)are expected to achieve maximum light capture at the lowest cost,potentially exhibiting the best power conversion efficiency.However,it is challenging to fabricate high-quality perovskite films and preferred crystal orientation on commercially textured silicon substrates with micrometersize pyramids.Here,we introduced a bulky organic molecule(4-fluorobenzylamine hydroiodide(F-PMAI))as a perovskite additive.It is found that F-PMAI can retard the crystallization process of perovskite film through hydrogen bond interaction between F^(−)and FA^(+)and reduce(111)facet surface energy due to enhanced adsorption energy of F-PMAI on the(111)facet.Besides,the bulky molecular is extruded to the bottom and top of perovskite film after crystal growth,which can passivate interface defects through strong interaction between F-PMA+and undercoordinated Pb^(2+)/I^(−).As a result,the additive facilitates the formation of large perovskite grains and(111)preferred orientation with a reduced trap-state density,thereby promoting charge carrier transportation,and enhancing device performance and stability.The perovskite/silicon TSCs achieved a champion efficiency of 30.05%based on a silicon thin film tunneling junction.In addition,the devices exhibit excellent longterm thermal and light stability without encapsulation.This work provides an effective strategy for achieving efficient and stable TSCs.

关键词： Perovskite crystallization (111)preferred orientation Defect passivation Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells

Role of inflammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolic abnormalities induced by plastic additives exposure in childhood asthma

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 172-180页

作者： Zhiyu Chen Fang Li Lei Fu Yu Xia Ying Luo Ang Guo xiaona Zhu Huifang Zhong Qian Luo Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Rheumatology&Immunology Department of Shenzhen Children’s Hospital Shenzhen 518038China Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances Institute of Environment and HealthJianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China

Lipid metabolism play an essential role in occurrence and development of asthma,and it can be disturbed by phthalate esters(PAEs)and organophosphate fame retardants(OPFRs).As a chronic infammatory respiratory disease,the occurrence risk of childhood asthma is increased by PAEs and OPFRs exposure,but it remains not entirely clear how PAEs and OPFRs contribute the onset and progress of the disease.We have profiled the serum levels of PAEs and OPFRs congeners by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry,and its relationships with the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in asthmatic,bronchitic(acute infammation)and healthy(non-infammation)children.Eight PAEs and nine OPFRs congeners were found in the serum of children(1–5 years old)from Shenzhen,and their total median levels were 615.16 ng/m L and 17.06 ng/m L,respectively.Moreover,the serum levels of mono-methyl phthalate(MMP),tri-propyl phosphate(TPP)and tri-n-butyl phosphate(TNBP)were significant higher in asthmatic children than in healthy and bronchitic children as control.Thirty-one characteristic lipids and fatty acids of asthma were screened by machine-learning random forest model based on serum lipidome data,and the alterations of infammatory characteristic lipids and fatty acids including palmitic acids,12,13-Di HODE,14,21-Di HDHA,prostaglandin D2 and Lyso PA(18:2)showed significant correlated with high serum levels of MMP,TPP and TNBP.These results imply PAEs and OPFRs promote the occurrence of childhood asthma via disrupting infammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolism,and provide a novel sight for better understanding the effects of plastic additives on childhood asthma.

关键词： Phthalate esters Organophosphate fame retardants Childhood asthma Lipid and fatty acid metabolism Machine-learning random forest model Chronic airway infammation

The Growth-Promoting Mechanism of Brevibacillus laterosporus AMCC100017 on Apple Rootstock Malus robusta

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2022年第1期8卷 22-34页

作者： xiaona wang Jiucheng Zhang Xiaofei wang Jianping An Chunxiang You Bo Zhou Yujin Hao State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandong 271018China Department of Microbiology College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandong 271018China National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources Tai’anShandong 271018China

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR) located in rhizobacteria soil are beneficial to plant growth and development. A PGPR strain AMCC100017 of Brevibacillus laterosporus synthesizes the plant hormone IAA in a tryptophan-dependent manner. In this study, the AMCC100017 strain was used to treat Malus robusta, an excellent natural rootstock for apple production, and assess its ability to promote growth. The fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, and lateral root growth of M. robusta were significantly increased with treatment. The presence of the AMCC100017 strain increased IAA content in M. robusta and promoted root secretion of tryptophan. Colonization of the strain in the roots allowed continuous synthesis of IAA and promoted plant growth. In addition, the photosynthetic efficiency in leaves increased after microbial treatment, and the utilization of nitrogen, zinc, iron, copper and magnesium in leaves was increased, which was conducive to photosynthesis.Interestingly, the activities of CAT and SOD, as well as the contents of ROS in plants colonized by AMCC100017 were increased compared to control plants, but the activities of POD and MDA contents were decreased. AMCC100017 strain affected the antioxidant capacity and stress resistance of plants. AMCC100017 strain increased the content of soluble protein and soluble sugar in plants, improved plant metabolic activity and stress resistance. Therefore, AMCC100017 not only increased IAA content and photosynthetic efficiency to promote M. robusta growth, but also affected plant through multiple metabolic pathways.

关键词： Malus robusta PGPR phytohormone photosynthetic efficiency

Nitrogen rhizodeposition from corn and soybean,and its contribution to the subsequent wheat crops

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2446-2457页

作者： Sainan Geng Lantao Li Yuhong Miao Yinjie Zhang xiaona Yu Duo Zhang Qirui Yang Xiao Zhang Yilun wang College of Resources and Environment Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

Nitrogen(N)is a key factor in the positive response of cereal crops that follow leguminous crops when compared to gramineous crops in rotations,with the nonrecyclable rhizosphere-derived N playing an important role.However,quantitative assessments of differences in the N derived from rhizodeposition(NdfR)between legumes and gramineous crops are lacking,and comparative studies on their contributions to the subsequent cereals are scarce.In this study,we conducted a meta-analysis of NdfR from leguminous and gramineous crops based on 34 observations published worldwide.In addition,pot experiments were conducted to study the differences in the NdfR amounts,distributions and subsequent effects of two major wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-preceding crops,corn(Zea mays L.)and soybean(Glycine max L.),by the cotton wick-labelling method in the main wheat-producing areas of China.The meta-analysis results showed that the NdfR of legumes was significantly greater by 138.93%compared to gramineous crops.In our pot experiment,the NdfR values from corn and soybean were 502.32 and 944.12 mg/pot,respectively,and soybean was also significantly higher than corn,accounting for 76.91 and 84.15%of the total belowground nitrogen of the plants,respectively.Moreover,in different soil particle sizes,NdfR was mainly enriched in the large macro-aggregates(>2 mm),followed by the small macro-aggregates(2–0.25 mm).The amount and proportion of NdfR in the macro-aggregates(>0.25 mm)of soybean were 3.48 and 1.66 times higher than those of corn,respectively,indicating the high utilization potential of soybean NdfR.Regarding the N accumulation of subsequent wheat,the contribution of soybean NdfR to wheat was approximately 3 times that of corn,accounting for 8.37 and 4.04%of the total N uptake of wheat,respectively.In conclusion,soybean NdfR is superior to corn in terms of the quantity and distribution ratio of soil macro-aggregates.In future field production,legume NdfR should be included in the nitrogen pool that can be absorbed and utilized by subsequ

关键词： crop rotation nitrogen rhizodeposition meta-analysis soil aggregates nitrogen transfer

Enhancing capacitive deionization performance and cyclic stability of nitrogen-doped activated carbon by the electro-oxidation of anode materials

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第5期69卷 23-33页

作者： xiaona Liu Baohua Zhao Yanyun Hu Luyue Huang Jingxiang Ma Shuqiao Xu Zhonglin Xia Xiaoying Ma Shuangchen Ma School of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003China Huadian Zhengzhou Machinery Design and Research Institute Co. LtdZhengzhou 450002China Huadian Inner Mongolia Energy Co. Ltd.Baotou Power Generation BranchBaotou 014013China

Electrode materials with high desalination capacity and long-term cyclic stability are the focus of capacitive deionization(CDI) community. Understanding the causes of performance decay in traditional carbons is crucial to design a high-performance material. Based on this, here, nitrogen-doped activated carbon(NAC) was prepared by pyrolyzing the blend of activated carbon powder(ACP) and melamine for the positive electrode of asymmetric CDI. By comparing the indicators changes such as conductivity, salt adsorption capacity, pH, and charge efficiency of the symmetrical ACP-ACP device to the asymmetric ACP-NAC device under different CDI cycles, as well as the changes of the electrochemical properties of anode and cathode materials after long-term operation, the reasons for the decline of the stability of the CDI performance were revealed. It was found that the carboxyl functional groups generated by the electro-oxidation of anode carbon materials make the anode zero-charge potential(E_(pzc)) shift positively,which results in the uneven distribution of potential windows of CDI units and affects the adsorption capacity. Furthermore, by understanding the electron density on C atoms surrounding the N atoms, we attribute the increased cyclic stability to the enhanced negativity of the charge of carbon atoms adjacent to quaternary-N and pyridinic-oxide-N.

关键词： Anodic oxidation Capacitive deionization Cyclic stability N-doping

Nucleophilic amino acids as a renewable alternative to petrochemically-derived amines in glycerol epoxy resins

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 222-232页

作者： Yunyi Liang Yonghong Luo Yingji Wu xiaona Li Quyet Van Le Jianzhang Li Changlei Xia Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Green Manufacturing TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul 02841South Korea

The standard epoxy resin curing agents revealed are from unsustainable petroleum-based sources,which produce poisonous exhaust when cured.Amino acids,a bio-based epoxy curing agent with amino and carboxyl groups,are another potential curing agent.Water-soluble epoxy resins cured with lysine(Lys),glutamic acid(Glu),leucine(Leu),and serine(Ser)as amino acids were inves-tigated.The results showed that the water-soluble epoxy resin(glycerol epoxy resins,GER)was cured with Lys and Glu after reacting.Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopic analysis of the GER-Lys showed that the amino and carboxyl groups of Lys primarily reacted with the epoxy groups of GER.The elongation at break of Lys-cured GER(GER-Lys)cured at 70℃ with a molar ratio of 1꞉0.75 was 75.32%.The fact that elongations at break of GER-Lys(79.43%)were higher than those of GER-Glu(17.33%),respectively supports the decrease of crosslinking density by the amino acid-cured GER reaction.The potential of Lys and Glu alternatives for petrochemical amines is demonstrated and provides promising opportunities for industrial application.

关键词： Curing agent Amino acids Bio-based epoxy resins Lysine Glutamic acid

Dual-Ion Co-Regulation System Enabling High-Performance Electrochemical Artificial Yarn Muscles with Energy-Free Catch States

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第10期15卷 15-27页

作者： Ming Ren Lizhong Dong Xiaobo wang Yuxin Li Yueran Zhao Bo Cui Guang Yang Wei Li Xiaojie Yuan Tao Zhou Panpan Xu xiaona wang Jiangtao Di Qingwen Li Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Advanced Materials Division Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano‑BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China School of Nano‑Technology and Nano‑Bionics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China Division of Nanomaterials and Jiangxi Key Lab of Carbonene Materials Jiangxi Institute of NanotechnologyNanchang 330200People’s Republic of China

Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions and inefficient “rocking-chair” ion migration. To address these limitations, we present an electrochemical artificial yarn muscle design driven by a dual-ion co-regulation system. By utilizing two reaction channels, this system shortens ion migration pathways, leading to faster and more efficient actuation. During the charging/discharging process, PF_6~- ions react with carbon nanotube yarn, while Li~+ ions react with an Al foil. The intercalation reaction between PF_6~- and collapsed carbon nanotubes allows the yarn muscle to achieve an energy-free high-tension catch state. The dual-ion coordinated yarn muscles exhibit superior contractile stroke, maximum contractile rate, and maximum power densities, exceeding those of “rocking-chair” type ion migration yarn muscles. The dual-ion co-regulation system enhances the ion migration rate during actuation, resulting in improved performance. Moreover, the yarn muscles can withstand high levels of isometric stress, displaying a stress of 61 times that of skeletal muscles and 8 times that of “rocking-chair” type yarn muscles at higher frequencies. This technology holds significant potential for various applications, including prosthetics and robotics.

关键词： Artificial muscles Carbon nanotube yarns Electrochemical actuators Catch state Dual-ion co-regulation