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SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance Through China Influenza Surveillance Information System—China,December 1,2022 to February 12,2023

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China CDC weekly 2023年第7期5卷 152-158页

作者： Xiaoxu Zeng Yiran Xie xiaokun yang Zhibin Peng Jing Tang Lei yang Shuxia Lin Jun Han Yanping Zhang Dayan Wang National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on InfluenzaBeijing MunicipalityChina Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing MunicipalityChina Key Laboratory for Medical Virology National Health CommissionBeijing MunicipalityChina

Introduction:The World Health Organization(WHO)proposed using influenza surveillance systems to carry out coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)surveillance due to the similarity between the two diseases in some respiratory symptoms.To assess the prevalence of COVID-19,we analyzed the influenzalike illness(ILI)and positive rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)detections in ILI patients reported to the influenza Surveillance Information System(CNISIS)since late 2022.Methods:Data related to ILI were reported by national surveillance sentinel hospitals.Positive testing for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses was conducted using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(rRT-PCR)detection by the national influenza surveillance network laboratories.Surveillance data were reported to CNISIS.Results:Beginning on December 12,2022(Week 50),the ILI percentage increased dramatically,peaking in Week 51 at 12.1%.Subsequently,the ILI percentage began to decline rapidly from Week 52,2022,and by Week 6,2023(February 6-12),the ILI and ILI percentage had returned to the levels observed at the beginning of December 2022.From December 1,2022 to February 12,2023,115,844 specimens were tested for both SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus.Of these,30,381(26.2%)were positive for SARSCoV-2 and 1,763(1.5%)were positive for influenza virus.The positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 tests peaked at 74.1%around December 23 and 25.Conclusions:Sentinel-based surveillance,previously established for influenza,is an effective way to track the circulation trend of SARS-CoV-2 during community-level epidemics.There was no coprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus during the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2,even during the winter influenza season.However,it is important to remain vigilant for the potential rise of influenza activities following the COVID-19 epidemic.

关键词： winter December surveillance

Remote Learning in Higher Education During the Pandemic: A Study of the Experiences of Chinese International Students at United Kingdom and United States Universities in 2020/21

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2023年第5期7卷 53-67页

作者： xiaokun yang University of Sheffield Sheffield S102TNUnited Kingdom

During the COVID-19 pandemic crisis,many universities around the world made a drastic change by transferring most of their offline classes to emergency remote learning(ERL).The aim of this study was to explore how Chinese students,who studied in United Kingdom(UK)and United States(US)universities during the 2020/21 academic year,perceive their experiences of remote learning.As the UK and the US have two relatively advanced education systems,the arrangements of their universities for ERL and their support for international students are worth exploring.Moreover,during the ERL,a portion of Chinese students had online classes in their home countries instead of the country in which their universities are located.Therefore,semi-structured interviews were carried out to explore the academic experiences and social interaction of students who studied in UK and US universities,while remaining in China.The data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method.The findings showed that ERL was perceived negatively by students despite its flexibility in areas of academic learning experiences and social interaction.

关键词： COVID-19 Emergency remote learning(ERL) Chinese students Academic experiences Social interaction

基于中医体质的老年人动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病预测模型的开发研究

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中国全科医学 2024年第15期27卷 1878-1885页

作者：高颖许欣宜刘洋杨晓琨天津中医药大学第一附属医院天津市300381 国家中医针灸临床医学研究中心天津市300381

背景动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)最有效的预防策略是实施基层管理,其核心措施是进行风险评估,现有老年人ASCVD预测模型不能很好地指导中医基层管理,因此,需将中医元素融入预测模型的开发,以指导ASCVD中西医结合基层管理。目的构建... 详细信息

背景动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)最有效的预防策略是实施基层管理,其核心措施是进行风险评估,现有老年人ASCVD预测模型不能很好地指导中医基层管理,因此,需将中医元素融入预测模型的开发,以指导ASCVD中西医结合基层管理。目的构建并验证基于中医体质的老年人ASCVD预测模型。方法纳入2017年在华苑街社区卫生服务中心、陈塘庄街社区卫生服务中心、向阳路街社区卫生服务中心、大邱庄镇中心卫生院进行健康查体的1418名老年人(≥65岁)为研究对象,收集研究对象一般资料,对研究对象进行体质辨识。于2017—2022年随访研究对象ASCVD发病情况(临床结局),随访截止于2022-11-30。将研究对象数据按照8∶2随机拆分为训练集和验证集,在训练集中,采用向前逐步法构建老年人ASCVD常规预测模型(模型1)和老年人ASCVD常规+体质预测模型(模型2)。绘制基于中医体质的老年人ASCVD预测模型列线图。绘制校准曲线及进行Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验判定模型的校准度。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线并计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC)判定模型的区分度。使用AUC、净重分类改善度(NRI)、综合判别指数(IDI)、临床决策曲线(DCA)对模型2与模型1进行比较,评估改善效能。结果训练集(n=1127)与验证集(n=291)研究对象一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic分析结果显示,模型1包含性别、年龄、腰围、收缩压、三酰甘油、BMI、收缩压×高血压用药史,共计7种预测变量;模型2包含性别、年龄、腰围、收缩压、三酰甘油、BMI、收缩压×高血压用药史、体质类型,共计8种预测变量。Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验结果示模型2拟合度良好,Delong检验结果显示,模型2的AUC高于模型1(Z=2.741,P=0.006),NRI=0.511(95%CI=0.359~0.663,P<0.001),IDI=0.038(95%CI=0.024~0.051,P<0.001),提示添加体质预测变量可提高模型预测的准确度。临床效用对比结果示,在5%~74%阈值概率下,使用模型2预测严重老年人ASCVD事件的净收益率优于模型1。结论本研究构建了一个包含性别、年龄、腰围、收缩压、三酰甘油、BMI、收缩压×高血压用药史、体质类型8个预测变量的老年人ASCVD预测模型,经检验,区分度、校准度表现良好,较传统常规预测模型表现更为优秀,可以应用于老年人ASCVD个体化风险评估,指导ASCVD中西医结合基层管理。

关键词：冠心病动脉粥样硬化中医体质类型老年人风险预测模型

Higher Education Admission Policy and Social Class of Ethnic Minority:The Case of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China

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Macro Management & Public Policies 2023年第3期5卷 1-15页

作者： Lijun Ti xiaokun yang Wang Zhou School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100080China Center for Studies of Ethnic Minorities in Northwest China Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu730030China Zhou Enlai School of Government Nankai UniversityTianjin300350China

Gaokao has been considered as the gatekeeper of intergenerational class reproduction in today’s slowing social mobility in China.In order to bolster the fairness of Gaokao,the Policy of Bonus Scores for Ethnic Minority Candidates(PBSEMC)has been issued,whose,however,effectiveness in promoting upward social class has not been adequately empirically explored.The difference-in-differences(DID)analysis based on cross-sectional data,which is distinct from the traditional DID analysis paradigm,was implemented to assess the Reform of PBSEMC in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 1988.The results showed that PBSEMC had a significant and positive impact on the social classes of ethnic minorities,and gender,residence type and occupation type were also relevant to social class,aligning with the previous literature.The PBSEMC is effective in improving the social classes of ethnic minorities.However,the PBSEMC policy should be made more precise,in order to benefit the candidates who are in genuine need of assistance.

关键词： Gaokao Policy of bonus scores Ethnic minority Social class Difference-in-differences analysis Higher education

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职业教育支撑风电发展的关键策略研究

中国职业技术教育 2024年第19期 85-95页

作者：雷莱杨小琨徐纯毅杨华郑州电力高等专科学校能源学院全国电力职业教育教学指导委员会新能源发电专业委员会全国电力职业教育教学指导委员会中国电力企业联合会人才评价与教育培训中心金风创培文化发展公司全国电力职业教育教学指导委员会国际合作与交流专门委员会全国电力职业教育教学指导委员会国际合作与交流专门委员会新能源专委会

“积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和”是推进绿色转型发展的重要目标。风电作为碳排放最低、最具经济性的发电技术,实现了突破性增长,中国风电进入里程碑式的全新发展阶段。服务“双碳”战略、培养优质风电人员是推动绿色发展,建设美丽中国不... 详细信息

“积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和”是推进绿色转型发展的重要目标。风电作为碳排放最低、最具经济性的发电技术,实现了突破性增长,中国风电进入里程碑式的全新发展阶段。服务“双碳”战略、培养优质风电人员是推动绿色发展,建设美丽中国不可或缺的一环。基于目前风电行业业态发展及行业人才岗位、能力及结构需求现状分析,提出职业教育产教融合支撑风电发展的内在逻辑与实践路径,发挥企业参与人才培养的积极性主动性,精准对接培养行业企业所需的风电高素质技术技能人才,助力风电行业高质量发展。

关键词：职业教育风电行业产教融合校企合作新质生产力

法国生态代表项目的运行逻辑、实施路径与启示

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比较教育学报 2024年第1期 112-123页

作者：张婧杨晓坤张雨洁苑大勇北京教育科学研究院终身学习与可持续发展教育研究所北京100036 北京外国语大学国际教育学院北京100089 浙江师范大学教育学院金华321004

在法国,面向可持续发展的环境教育有着悠久的历史。2019年法国教育部提出选举生态代表,环境教育的发展进入新阶段。法国的生态代表项目具有清晰的运行逻辑,生态代表的选拔遵循全员参与、层次递进的原则。当选的生态代表以实践为导向,有... 详细信息

在法国,面向可持续发展的环境教育有着悠久的历史。2019年法国教育部提出选举生态代表,环境教育的发展进入新阶段。法国的生态代表项目具有清晰的运行逻辑,生态代表的选拔遵循全员参与、层次递进的原则。当选的生态代表以实践为导向,有着四重身份:信息传递者、项目行动者、会议发言人和行动评估者,围绕可持续发展的五大主题开展活动。法国生态代表项目通过研发指南、搭建多元参与的全学校支持模式、构建多维活动平台与保障机制等实施路径促进生态代表行动的可持续发展。虽然目前生态代表的教育实践在监督评估机制、安全保障设施等方面还有待完善,但仍在提升法国学生生态素养、促进学校可持续发展等方面发挥了积极作用,可以为我国开展生态文明教育提供有益启示。

关键词：法国生态代表可持续发展教育生态文明教育

Low-Dimensional Halide Perovskites and Their Advanced Optoelectronic Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第3期9卷 118-143页

作者： Jian Zhang xiaokun yang Hui Deng Keke Qiao Umar Farooq Muhammad Ishaq Fei Yi Huan Liu Jiang Tang Haisheng Song Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO) Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan 430074HubeiPeople’s Republic of China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan 430074HubeiPeople’s Republic of China

Metal halide perovskites are crystalline materials originally developed out of scientific curiosity. They have shown great potential as active materials in optoelectronic applications. In the last 6 years, their certified photovoltaic efficiencies have reached 22.1%. Compared to bulk halide perovskites, low-dimensional ones exhibited novel physical properties. The photoluminescence quantum yields of perovskite quantum dots are close to 100%. The external quantum efficiencies and current efficiencies of perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes have reached 8% and 43 cd A^(-1),respectively, and their nanowire lasers show ultralow-threshold room-temperature lasing with emission tunability and ease of synthesis. Perovskite nanowire photodetectors reached a responsivity of 10 A W^(-1)and a specific normalized detectivity of the order of 10^(12 )Jones. Different from most reported reviews focusing on photovoltaic applications, we summarize the rapid progress in the study of low-dimensional perovskite materials, as well as their promising applications in optoelectronic devices. In particular, we review the wide tunability of fabrication methods and the state-of-the-art research outputs of low-dimensional perovskite optoelectronic devices. Finally, the anticipated challenges and potential for this exciting research are proposed.

关键词： Metal halide perovskites Low-dimensional effect Synthesis Optoelectronic devices Versatility

Hydroiodic Acid Additive Enhanced the Performance and Stability of PbS-QDs Solar Cells via Suppressing Hydroxyl Ligand

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纳微快报：英文版 2020年第3期12卷 117-128页

作者： xiaokun yang Ji yang Jahangeer Khan Hui Deng Shengjie Yuan Jian Zhang Yong Xia Feng Deng Xue Zhou Farooq Umar Zhixin Jin Haisheng Song Chun Cheng Mohamed Sabry Jiang Tang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyLuoyu Road 1037Wuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanoimprint Technology South University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Shenzhen R&D Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology1037 Luoyu RoadWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071People’s Republic of China Physics Department College of Applied ScienceUmm Al-Qura UniversityMeccaKingdom of Saudi Arabia Solar Physics Lab National Research Institute of Astronomy and GeophysicsCairoEgypt

The recent emerging progress of quantum dot ink(QD-ink)has overcome the complexity of multiple-step colloidal QD(CQD)film preparation and pronouncedly promoted the device performance.However,the detrimental hydroxyl(OH)ligands induced from synthesis procedure have not been completely removed.Here,a halide ligand additive strategy was devised to optimize QD-ink process.It simultaneously reduced sub-bandgap states and converted them into iodide-passivated surface,which increase carrier mobility of the QDs films and achieve thicker absorber with improved performances.The corresponding power conversion efficiency of this optimized device reached 10.78%.(The control device was 9.56%.)Therefore,this stratege can support as a candidate strategy to solve the QD original limitation caused by hydroxyl ligands,which is also compatible with other CQD-based optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Hydroxyl ligand HI additive Surface passivation Quantum dots ink Solar cells

Improving the Performance of PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells by Optimizing ZnO Window Layer

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第2期9卷 156-165页

作者： xiaokun yang Long Hu Hui Deng Keke Qiao Chao Hu Zhiyong Liu Shengjie Yuan Jahangeer Khan Dengbing Li Jiang Tang Haisheng Song Chun Cheng Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(WNLO)and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanoimprint Technology South University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China

Comparing with hot researches in absorber layer,window layer has attracted less attention in PbS quantum dot solar cells(QD SCs). Actually, the window layer plays a key role in exciton separation, charge drifting, and so on.Herein, ZnO window layer was systematically investigated for its roles in QD SCs performance. The physical mechanism of improved performance was also explored. It was found that the optimized ZnO films with appropriate thickness and doping concentration can balance the optical and electrical properties, and its energy band align well with the absorber layer for efficient charge extraction. Further characterizations demonstrated that the window layer optimization can help to reduce the surface defects, improve the heterojunction quality, as well as extend the depletion width. Compared with the control devices, the optimized devices have obtained an efficiency of 6.7% with an enhanced V_(oc) of 18%, J_(sc) of 21%, FF of 10%, and power conversion efficiency of 58%. The present work suggests a useful strategy to improve the device performance by optimizing the window layer besides the absorber layer.

关键词： ZnO Window layer Thin film solar cells PbS quantum dots Physical mechanism