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Lipopolysaccharide induced intestinal epithelial injury:a novel organoids-based model for sepsis in vitro

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第18期135卷 2232-2239页

作者： Sisi Huang Sheng Zhang Limin Chen xiaojun pan Zhenliang Wen Yizhu Chen Lidi Zhang Jiao Liu Dechang Chen Department of Critical Care Medicine Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200020China Department of Critical Care Medicine Ruijin Hospital NorthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 201801China

Background: Advances in organoid culture technology have provided a greater understanding of disease pathogenesis, which has been rarely studied in sepsis before. We aim to establish a suitable organoids-based intestinal injury model for sepsis.Methods: Stable passaged organoids were constructed and pre-treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic sepsis-induced intestinal injury. The LPS-induced sepsis model was used as a reference. We used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the RNA levels of inflammatory factors and antimicrobial peptides. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the protein levels, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate the pathology of the small intestine of mice, and immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the intestinal epithelial barrier function. Perkin Elmer OperettaTM was used to obtain high-resolution images of three-dimensional organoids.Results: An LPS concentration >150 μg/mL after 24 h was identified to cause organoid growth restriction. The fluorescence intensity of zonula occludens-1 and occludins at LPS concentrations >100 μg/mL decreased significantly after 24 h. After LPS stimulation for 8 h, the RNA expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, tumor necrosis factor alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-6, and regenerating islet-derived protein 3 alpha, beta, and gamma increased. These results resembled those of intestinal epithelial layer alterations in a mouse sepsis model. For IL-10, the RNA expression level increased only when the LPS level >200 μg/mL for 24 h.Conclusions: This study provides the primary intestinalin vitro model to study the effects of LPS-induced intestinal injury resembling sepsis. This model provides a platform for immune associated mechanism exploration and effective drug screening.

关键词： Organoids Sepsis Lipopolysaccharide Barrier function Inflammatory factors

Mitochondrial and nuclear changes in hippocampal neurons in a lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rat model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第3期4卷 200-204页

作者： Shuhai Tang Li Zhang Jianying Sun xiaojun pan Department of Anesthesiology Qilu Hospital Shandong University Jinan 250012 Shandong Province China Department of Neurology Qianfoshan Hospital Jinan 250014 Shandong Province China

BACKGROUND： Mitochondrial damage plays a key role in neuronal damage. OBJECTIVE： To observe ultrastructural damage to mitochondria and nuclei, as well as caspase-3 expression, in hippocampal CA3 neurons of lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The neuropathological, randomized, controlled study was performed at the Animal Experimental Center, Shandong University, China in May 2008. MATERIALS： A total of 75 healthy, adult, male, Wistar rats were randomly assigned into model （n = 45） and control （n = 30） groups. Lithium-pilocarpine （Sigma, USA） was used in this study. METHODS： Rats in the model group were intraperitoneally injected with lithium chloride （3 mEq/kg）, and 24 hours later with pilocarpine （45 mg/kg）, to induce seizures for 2 hours. Rats in the control group were intraperitoneally infused with the same volume of saline. Rat hippocampal CA3 tissue was obtained at 3, 12, and 24 hours following status epilepticus. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Neuronal changes were observed under an optical microscope. Ultrastructural changes in mitochondria and nuclei were observed using an electron microscope. caspase-3 mRNA levels were quantified by semiquantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS： After 3 hours of status epilepticus, mitochondria with swollen cristae and ruptured membranes were observed by electron microscopy. Nuclei with marginated chromatin were observed after 24 hours status epilepticus. RT-PCR results demonstrated increased caspase-3 expression at 12 hours, and significantly increased expression at 24 hours following termination of status epilepticus. This was in accordance with acidophilia occurrence, as indicated by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and time of ultrastructural damage to nuclei. CONCLUSION： In lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rat models, ultrastructural damage to mitochondria in hippocampal neurons occurred during early stages, followed by increased caspase-3 expression and nuclear changes. These results suggested that mitochondrial damage plays a key role

关键词： status epilepticus mitochondrion nucleus caspase-3

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中性果冻质构影响因素及配方工艺

食品工业 2024年第4期45卷 30-33页

作者：潘晓军上海潮旺科技有限公司上海201103

以中性果冻为研究对象,通过物性测定仪测定凝胶硬度、咀嚼度、脆度,分别考察刺槐豆胶、氯化钾、溶胶温度对凝胶果冻质构的影响。中性果冻最佳配方为刺槐豆胶添加量0.20%、氯化钾添加量0.10%、溶胶温度80℃。试制产品软硬适中,口感滑爽。

关键词：刺槐豆胶质构氯化钾溶胶温度中性果冻

Injury of mitochondria and the expressions of fas and bax mRNA in the hippocampus of epileptic rats of different latency

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Neural Regeneration Research 2006年第1期1卷 18-21页

作者： Shuhai Tang Jianying Sun xiaojun pan Li Zhang Department of Anesthesiology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012 Shandong Province China Department of Neurology Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012 Shandong Province China

BACKGROUND： It has been confirmed that Fas and Bax respectively mediate the exogenous and endogenous pathways of neuronal apoptosis, and then mediate the neuronal injury after status epilepticus. OBJECTIVE： To comparatively observe the injury of mitochondrial ultrastructure and the expressions of fas and bax in hippocampal tissue of rats with status epilepticus of different latency.DESIGN： A randomized control study.SETTING ： Department of Anesthesiology and Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. MATERIALS： Totally 110 male adult SD rats of 260-300 g were used. Kainic acid was purchased from American Sigma Company. METHODS： The experiment was carried out in the Pathological Laboratory of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences between March and July 2005.① Totally 100 SD rats were divided into. two groups according to the random number table method： intraperitoneal injection group and caudal venous injection group. The rats were given kainic acid injected intraperitoneally （12 mg/kg） and through caudal vein （10 mg/kg） respectively. Each group was observed at 3, 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours after status epilepticus respectively. Ten rats were selected for each time point, including 2 for examination of electron microscope and 8 for the diction of the fas and bax mRNA expressions. The time and manifestations of seizure were observed, and the seizure was lasted for 2 hours, and then it was terminated by intraperitoneal injection of diazepam （10 mg/kg）. Another 10 rats were used as the normal control group, and the materials were taken at 24 hours after status epilepticus, 2 of rats for the examination of electron microscope and 8 of them for the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）.② The ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons and its mitochondria were observed with transmission electron microscope. ③ The fas and bax mRNA expressions were detected with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The complete form of hippocampal neurons

关键词： mRNA Figure

Identifying Honeypots from ICS Devices Using Lightweight Fuzzy Testing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1723-1737页

作者： Yanbin Sun xiaojun pan Chao Xu Penggang Sun Quanlong Guan Mohan Li Men Han Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Guangzhou Information Technology Security Evaluation Center Guangzhou510006China Jinan University Guangzhou510006China Kennesaw State University 1100 South Marietta Pkwy MariettaGeorgia30060USA

The security issues of industrial control systems(ICSs)have become increasingly prevalent.As an important part of ICS security,honeypots and anti-honeypots have become the focus of offensive and defensive confrontation.However,research on ICS honeypots still lacks breakthroughs,and it is difficult to simulate real ICS devices perfectly.In this paper,we studied ICS honeypots to identify and address their weaknesses.First,an intelligent honeypot identification framework is proposed,based on which feature data type requirements and feature data acquisition for honeypot identification is studied.Inspired by vulnerability mining,we propose a feature acquisition approach based on lightweight fuzz testing,which utilizes the differences in error handling between the ICS device and the ICS honeypot.By combining the proposed method with common feature acquisition approaches,the integrated feature data can be obtained.The experimental results show that the feature data acquired is effective for honeypot identification.

关键词： ICS device honeypot identification

Particulate aggregation through a modulated annular one-dimensional acoustic field at resonant frequencies

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Particuology 2021年第4期19卷 82-94页

作者： Zhenghui Qiao xiaojun pan Shaohua Liang Xiaolong Bi Juan Wang Wei Xie Kang Wang Yanwen Wang Jun Fang Xuefei Zhu Shaoxin Sun Shaohui Li College of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211167China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

The visualization and analysis of a novel acoustic-particulate system is the objective of this study. The system is composed of rice-husk fired smoke particulates (36.7 nm-840 μm) and one annular resonant circular-tube waveguide contrarily coupled with two sound sources. The collective interaction behavior process of smoke particulates in an inhomogeneous acoustic field is displayed during an experiment and a simulation. The result shows that the aggregation and fragmentation of particles under a change in resonant frequencies and sound pressure amplitude is extremely complex. This complex process consists of dynamically tuning the particle characteristics to attain stripes shaped like thin-films/umbrellas and clusters with volume-change/fragmentation. The balanced modulation of the acoustic radiation force and secondary radiation force to alter the particle characteristics (size and stack density) is verified to be the control mechanism of the particle system. The intermediate variable of the process control is the acoustic contrast factor (Φ) related to the physical characteristics of the growing particulates. The value plus-minus alternation of Φ results in different particulate processes. This study can enhance the application of aerodynamic acoustic-particulate-fluid systems for environment protection, energy fuel conversion, and industrial production.

关键词： Acoustic aggregation Porous particulates Secondary radiation force Acoustic radiation force Stripe pattern Inhomogeneous field

Review of PLC Security Issues in Industrial Control System

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Journal of Cyber Security 2020年第2期2卷 69-83页

作者： xiaojun pan Zhuoran Wang Yanbin Sun Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China

Programmable Logic Controllers(PLC),core of industrial control systems,is widely used in industrial control systems.The security of PLC is the key to the security of industrial control systems.Nowadays,a large number of industrial control systems are connected to the Internet which exposes the PLC equipment to the Internet,and thus raising security concerns.First of all,we introduce the basic principle of PLC in this paper.Then we analyze the PLC code security,firmware security,network security,virus vulnerability and Modbus communication protocol by reviewing the previous related work.Finally,we make a summary of the current security protection methods.

关键词： Industrial control system PLC security issues PLC safety protection

PS-Fuzz:Efficient Graybox Firmware Fuzzing Based on Protocol State

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Journal on Artificial Intelligence 2021年第1期3卷 21-31页

作者： Xiaoyi Li xiaojun pan Yanbin Sun Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510000China

The rise of the Internet of Things(IoT)exposes more and more important embedded devices to the network,which poses a serious threat to people’s lives and property.Therefore,ensuring the safety of embedded devices is a very important task.Fuzzing is currently the most effective technique for discovering vulnerabilities.In this work,we proposed PS-Fuzz(Protocol State Fuzz),a gray-box fuzzing technique based on protocol state orientation.By instrumenting the program that handles protocol fields in the firmware,the problem of lack of guidance information in common protocol fuzzing is solved.By recording and comparing state transition paths,the program can be quickly booted,thereby greatly improving the efficiency of fuzzing.More importantly,the tool utilizes the synchronous execution of the firmware simulator and the firmware program,which can collect and record system information in the event of a crash from multiple dimensions,providing assistance for further research.Our evaluation results show that for the same vulnerability,the efficiency of PS-Fuzz is about 8 times that of boofuzz under ideal conditions.Even rough instrumentation efficiency can reach 2 times that of boofuzz.In addition,PS-Fuzz can provide at least 6 items more information than boofuzz under the same circumstances.

关键词： Firmware vulnerability mining fuzzing

低影响开发设施组合下的城市雨洪调控情景模拟研究

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水利水电技术（中英文） 2024年第4期55卷 22-35页

作者：黄若琳王锣洋潘骁骏张雯轩李丹彤王品胡潭高杭州师范大学遥感与地球科学研究院浙江杭州311121 浙江省城市湿地与区域变化研究重点实验室浙江杭州311121 浙江省测绘科学技术研究院浙江杭州311100

【目的】低影响开发(Low Impact Development,LID)作为一种新型雨洪管理方法,包括绿色屋顶、雨水花园、透水铺装等典型措施,对降雨径流有明显的控制作用,能够有效降低城市内涝隐患。【方法】以浙江省海宁市为例,基于暴雨洪水管理模型(St... 详细信息

【目的】低影响开发(Low Impact Development,LID)作为一种新型雨洪管理方法,包括绿色屋顶、雨水花园、透水铺装等典型措施,对降雨径流有明显的控制作用,能够有效降低城市内涝隐患。【方法】以浙江省海宁市为例,基于暴雨洪水管理模型(Storm Water Management Model,SWMM),模拟不同重现期(1 a、5 a、10 a、30 a、50 a)、不同布设比例(20%,50%,100%)LID组合措施情景下的城市内涝过程,分析海宁市溢流分布情况、程度及其原因,探讨溢流区域LID组合措施对节点溢流、地表径流以及管网负载的影响。【结果】结果表明:在不同设计降雨情景下联合路、海昌路、水月亭西路、西山路以及隆兴港等地管网溢流较为严重;LID组合措施布设比例相同时,随着重现期的增加,LID组合措施对地表径流和节点溢流的削弱作用呈下降趋势,LID措施的作用趋于饱和状态;重现期为30 a和50 a、布设比例为50%时,地表径流的削减为45.92%和44.09%。【结论】LID组合措施对雨洪的控制作用有限,降雨强度对节点溢流、地表径流起主导作用。海宁市部分老旧小区管道年份较长,管径较短,管网溢流情况严峻,建议重点关注区域管网改造和LID措施空间布局。研究成果对于海绵城市建设规划、缓解城市内涝灾害具有一定参考价值。

关键词： SWMM LID 节点溢流地表径流管网负荷降水海绵城市洪水