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Elevational patterns of warming effects on plant community and topsoil properties: focus on subalpine meadows ecosystem

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 146-159页

作者： HAO Aihua LUO Zhengming CHEN xiaojiang Department of Geography Xinzhou Normal UniversityXinzhou 034000China Department of Biological Sciences Xinzhou Normal UniversityXinzhou 034000China

Climate warming profoundly affects plant biodiversity, community productivity, and soil properties in alpine and subalpine grassland ecosystems. However, these effects are poorly understood across elevational gradients in subalpine meadow ecosystems. To reveal the elevational patterns of warming effects on plant biodiversity, community structure, productivity, and soil properties, we conducted a warming experiment using open-top chambers from August 2019 to August 2022 at high(2764 m a. s. l.), medium(2631 m a. s. l.), and low(2544 m a. s. l.) elevational gradients on a subalpine meadow slope of Mount Wutai, Northern China. Our results showed that three years of warming significantly increased topsoil temperature but significantly decreased topsoil moisture at all elevations(Pdually raised with elevation lifting. Warming-induced decreasing proportions of soil organic carbon(SOC, by 19.24%), and total nitrogen(TN, by 24.56%) were the greatest at high elevational gradients. Experimental warming did not affect topsoil C: N, p H, NO_(3)^(-)-N, or NH_(4)^(+)-N at the three elevational gradients. Warming significantly increased species richness(P<0.01) and Shannon-Weiner index(P<0.05) at low elevational gradients but significantly decreased belowground biomass(P<0.05) at a depth of 0–10 cm at three elevational gradients. Warming caused significant increases in the aboveground biomass in the three elevational plots. Warming significantly increased the aboveground biomass of graminoids in medium(by 92.47%) and low(by 98.25%) elevational gradients, that of sedges in high(by 72.44%) and medium(by 57.16%) elevational plots, and that of forbs in high(by 75.88%), medium(by 34.38%), and low(by 74.95%) elevational plots. Species richness had significant linear correlations with SOC, TN, and C: N(P<0.05), but significant nonlinear responses to soil temperature and soil moisture in the warmed treatm

关键词： Warming effect Plant diversity pattern Community structure change Elevation gradient Alpine meadow ecosystem Mount Wutai

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Identification of pathological characteristics in pulmonary tuberculosis using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第6期17卷 97-106页

作者： Yun Ding Zhuoqun Yuan xiaojiang Zhao Guozheng Gao Xin Li Yanmei Liang Clinical School of Thoracic Tianjin Medical University TianjinP.R.China Department of Thoracic Surgery Fujian Provincial Hospital FujianP.R.China Institute of Modern Optics Nankai University Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology Tianjin 300350P.R.China School of Medicine Tianjin University TianjinP.R.China Department of Pathology Tianjin Chest Hospital No.261Taierzhuang South Road Jinnan District Tianjin 300222P.R.China Department of Thoracic Surgery Tianjin Chest Hospital TianjinP.R.China

The low detection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical practice leads to a high rate of missed diagnosis for pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB).As a noninvasive,high-resolution,real-time imaging technology,polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography(PS-OCT)may be feasible for the rapid identification of pathological *** study aimed to explore the feasibility of using PS-OCT to identify pathological features of *** the experiments,PTB samples containing some surrounding lung tissues were imaged using *** is demonstrated that PS-OCT images showed good consistency with the corresponding pathological images and were able to identify PTB-related characteristic pathological *** think PS-OCT can serve as an effective supplement for the diagnosis of PTB,enabling rapid and accurate diagnosis,and aiding in the understanding of the pathological characteristics and pathophysiological processes of PTB.

关键词： Pulmonary tuberculosis PS-OCT pathological features.

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Spatiotemporal variations of parameters of internal solitary waves in the northern South China Sea

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 421-438页

作者： Yu’ang LIU Yifei JIANG xiaojiang ZHANG Zhiyuan WANG Yu CAO Huizan WANG College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410000China

The dynamic parameters for internal solitary waves(ISWs)derived from the extended Korteweg-de Vries(eKdV)equation play an important role in the understanding and prediction of *** spatiotemporal variations of the dynamic parameters of the ISWs in the northern South China Sea(SCS)were studied based on the reanalysis of long-term temperature and salinity *** results for spectrum analysis show that there are definite geographical differences for the periodic variation of the parameters:in shallow water,all parameters vary with a wave period of one year,while in deep water wave components of the parameters at other frequencies *** wavelet analysis,the wavelet power spectral densities in deep water exhibited an inter-annual variation *** example,the wave component of the dispersion coefficient with a wave period of about half a year reached its power peak once every two *** on previous work,this inter-annual variation pattern was deduced to be caused by dynamic *** further work on the regulatory mechanisms,empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition was *** was found that the modes of the dispersion coefficient have different geographical distributions,explaining the reason why the wave components in different frequencies appeared in different *** numerical simulation results confirm that the variations in the parameters of the ISWs derived from the eKdV equation could affect the waveforms significantly because of changes in the polarity of the ***,the periodic variations of the dynamic parameters are related to the geographical location because of dynamic processes operating.

关键词： internal solitary waves(ISWs) dynamic parameters eKdV equation spatiotemporal variation polarity empirical orthogonal function(EOF)decomposition

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Review on dietary supplements as an effective improvement of Alzheimer's disease:focus on structures and mechanisms

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1787-1805页

作者： Sheng Li Yinling Wei Zhenzhen Liang Lingli Guo xiaojiang Hao Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the major form of neurodegenerative diseases that can severely impede normal cognitive function,makes it one of the most common fatal *** are currently over 50 million AD patients *** neuropathology of AD is perplexing and there is a scarcity of disease-modifying ***,early diagnosis of AD has been made possible with the discovery of biological markers associated with pathology,providing strong support for the improvement of the disease *** search for inhibitors of AD markers from dietary supplements(DSs)has become a major hot *** with the widespread use of DSs,DSs containing polyphenols,alkaloids,terpenes,polysaccharides and other bioactive components can prevent AD by reducing Aβdeposition,inhibiting tau protein hyperphosphorylation,reconstructing synaptic dysfunction,weakening cholinesterase activity,regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress,neuronal inflammation and *** review summarizes the anti-AD effects of the main DSs and their bioactive constituents,as well as the potential molecular mechanisms covers from 2017 to ***,we discussed the opportunities and challenges faced by DSs in the process of AD prevention and treatment,aiming to further provide new perspectives for functional food development.

关键词： Dietary supplements Bioactive ingredients Alzheimer’s disease Mechanism of action

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Structural basis for polyuridine tract recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15

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Protein & Cell 2024年第7期15卷 547-552页

作者： Fumiaki Ito Hanjing Yang Z.Hong Zhou xiaojiang S.Chen Molecular and Computational Biology Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095United States California NanoSystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095United States Genetic Molecular and Cellular Biology ProgramKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Center of Excellence in NanoBiophysics University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States

Dear Editor,Coronaviruses have evolved a wide array of tactics to evade host antiviral *** host cells detect invading foreign nucleic acids including viral genome and viral replication intermediates,they activate interferon(IFN)signaling via cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors(Kang et al.,2002;Kato et al.,2006).Remarkable stealth activities exhibited by coronaviruses are facilitated by a series of non-structural proteins(Nsps),such as Nsp15(Deng and Baker,2018;Deng et al.,2019;Hackbart et al.,2020),which is a uridine-specific endoribonuclease that mediates evasion of host detection of viral double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)(Bhardwaj et al.,2004;Deng et al.,2017;Frazier et al.,2021;Ivanov et al.,2004).Nsp15 targets a polyuridine[poly(U)]tract on the coronavirus negative strand RNA(Hackbart et al.,2020).Nsp15 limits the abundance and length of poly(U)within the negative strand RNA 5ʹ-extension by trimming down the initially synthesized poly(U)lead sequence to the optimal length that can suppress dsRNA formation but still serves as a template for poly(A)tail of the positive strand genome of the coronaviruses(Hofmann and Brian,1991).

关键词： p15 interferon template

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Squeeze and Excitation Convolution with Shortcut for Complex Plasma Image Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2221-2236页

作者： Baoxia Li Wenzhuo Chen xiaojiang Tang Shaohuang Bian Yang Liu Junwei Guo Dan Zhang Feng Huang College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China College of Science China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China

Complex plasma widely exists in thin film deposition,material surface modification,and waste gas treatment in industrial plasma *** complex plasma discharge,the configuration,distribution,and size of particles,as well as the discharge glow,strongly depend on discharge ***,traditional manual diagnosis methods for recognizing discharge parameters from discharge images are complicated to operate with low accuracy,time-consuming and high requirement of *** solve these problems,by combining the two mechanisms of attention mechanism(strengthening the extraction of the channel feature)and shortcut connection(enabling the input information to be directly transmitted to deep networks and avoiding the disappearance or explosion of gradients),the network of squeeze and excitation convolution with shortcut(SECS)for complex plasma image recognition is proposed to effectively improve the model *** results show that the accuracy,precision,recall and F1-Score of our model are superior to other models in complex plasma image recognition,and the recognition accuracy reaches 97.38%.Moreover,the recognition accuracy for the Flowers and Chest X-ray publicly available data sets reaches 97.85%and 98.65%,respectively,and our model has *** study shows that the proposed model provides a new method for the diagnosis of complex plasma images and also provides technical support for the application of plasma in industrial production.

关键词： Image recognition complex plasmas deep learning

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Nutritional values,bioactive compounds and health benefits of purslane(Portulaca oleracea L.):a comprehensive review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2480-2501页

作者： Yanxi Li Longgao Xiao Huan Yan Mingyi Wu xiaojiang Hao Haiyang Liu State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Kunming 650106China

Portulaca oleracea L.,commonly known as purslane,is a worldwide weed species belonging to the family Portulacaceae and has been known as“Global Panacea”.As one of the most widely consumed green vegetables and medicinal plants around the world,it has recently been re-evaluated as a potential“new crop”due to the properties that differentiate it as one of the best vegetable sources of omega-3 fatty acid(α-linolenic acid),as well as a variety of nutrients and ***,emerging research has found that purslane exhibits health-promoting properties like anti-inflammatory,anti-hyperglycemic,antioxidant,neuroprotective,and *** findings suggest that this species possesses a potential using as a dietary supplement beyond potherb and traditional *** review systematically summarizes the up-to-date research carried out on purslane,including the nutritional compositions,bioactive compounds,and health benefits it exerts as well as limitations,challenges,and future directions of ***,we hope that this review would provide purslane with a comprehensive reference and future scope as functional and health-promoting food for disease prevention and treatment.

关键词： Purslane Nutritional compositions Bioactive compounds Polysaccharides Functional foods

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Low-Volatile Binder Enables Thermal Shock-Resistant Thin-Film Cathodes for Thermal Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 126-134页

作者： Yong Xie Yong Cao Xu Zhang Liangping Dong xiaojiang Liu Yixiu Cui Chao Wang Yanhua Cui Xuyong Feng Hongfa Xiang Long Qie Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Institute of Electronic Engineering China Academy of Engineering Physics School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mold Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Manufacturing thin-film components is crucial for achieving high-efficiency and high-power thermal batteries (TBs).However,developing binders with low-gas production at the operating temperature range of TBs (400-550℃)has proven to be a significant ***,we report the use of acrylic acid derivative terpolymer (LA136D) as a low-volatile binder for thin-film cathode fabrication and studied the chain scission and chemical bondbreaking mechanisms in pyrolysis.

关键词： gas production high-power low-volatile binder thermal battery thin-film cathode

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Three rare anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactones from Magnolia grandiflora

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第3期22卷 265-272页

作者： XU Shuangyu ZHANG Feng TAO Linlan JIANG Yangming HUANG Tao LI Yanan HU Zhanxing YANG Jue HAO xiaojiang YUAN Chunmao State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550014China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550025China Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550014China State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China

Four new sesquiterpene lactones(SLs)(1–4),along with a biosynthetically related SL(5),have been isolated from the leaves of Magnolia *** A(1)is notable as the first C18 homogemarane type SL,featuring a unique 1,7-dioxaspiro[4.4]nonan-6-one *** 2 and 3,representing the first instances of chlorine-substituted gemarane-type SL analogs in natural products,were also *** structures of these isolates were elucidated through a combination of spectroscopic data analysis,electronic circular dichroism calculations,and X-ray single-crystal diffraction *** isolates demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 ***,3–5 showed a significant inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production,with IC50 values ranging from 0.79 to 4.73μmol·L^(−1).Additionally,4 and 5 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against three cancer cell lines,with IC50 values between 3.09 and 11.23μmol·L^(−1).

关键词： Magnolia grandiflora Sesquiterpene lactones Isolation and identification Anti-inflammatory activity

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Research progress on the role of adipocyte exosomes in cancer progression

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Oncology Research 2024年第10期32卷 1649-1660页

作者： YUN WANG xiaojiang LI DALONG LIU ZHIFENG WANG JICHEN XIA LIJUN WANG XUDONG ZHANG Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChangchun130021China Department of Orthopaedics Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChangchun130021China Department of Internal Medicine Changchun Chaoyang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineChangchun130061China Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Jilin Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Jilin ProvinceJilin132012China Department of Oncology Liaoyuan Second People’s HospitalLiaoyuan136299China Department of Brain Surgery Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChangchun130021China

Exosomes,minute vesicles ubiquitously released by diverse cell types,serve as critical mediators in intercellular *** pathophysiological relevance,especially in malignancies,has garnered significant attention.A meticulous exploration of the exosomal impact on cancer development has unveiled avenues for innovative and clinically valuable *** cargo conveyed by exosomes exerts transformative effects on both local and distant microenvironments,thereby influencing a broad spectrum of biological responses in recipient *** membranebound extracellular vesicles(EVs)play a pivotal role in delivering bioactive molecules among cells and *** and biological processes in recipient cells,ranging from stromal cell reprogramming to immunological responses,extracellular matrix formation,and modulation of cancer cell activation,expansion,and metastasis,are subject to exosome-mediated cell-to-cell ***,exosomes have been implicated in endowing cancer cells with resistance to *** research has explored the potential of exosomes as therapeutic targets and diagnostic *** comprehensive review seeks to provide an in-depth understanding of the pivotal components and roles of exosomes in tumorigenesis,growth,progression,and therapeutic *** insights into the multifaceted involvement of exosomes in malignant cancers are essential for the scientific community,fostering the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies in the relentless pursuit of cancer.

关键词： Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Adipose tissue Tumor microenvironment Obesity

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