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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第1期45卷 22-32页

作者： Yongran Yi Dixian Zhao Jiajun Zhang Peng Gu Chenyu Xu Yuan Chai Huiqi Liu xiaohu you National Mobile Communication Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111China Chengdu Xphased Technology Company Ltd. Chengdu 610041China

This article presents an 8-element dual-polarized phased-array transceiver(TRX)front-end IC for millimeter-wave(mm-Wave)5G new radio(NR).Power enhancement technologies for power amplifiers(PA)in mm-Wave 5G phased-array TRX are discussed.A four-stage wideband high-power class-AB PA with distributed-active-transformer(DAT)power combining and multi-stage second-harmonic traps is proposed,ensuring the mitigated amplitude-to-phase(AM-PM)distortions across wide carrier frequencies without degrading transmitting(TX)power,gain and efficiency.TX and receiving(RX)switching is achieved by a matching network co-designed on-chip T/R switch.In each TRX element,6-bit 360°phase shifting and 6-bit 31.5-dB gain tuning are respectively achieved by the digital-controlled vector-modulated phase shifter(VMPS)and differential attenuator(ATT).Fabricated in 65-nm bulk complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS),the proposed TRX demonstrates the measured peak TX/RX gains of 25.5/21.3 dB,covering the 24−29.5 GHz band.The measured peak TX OP1dB and power-added efficiency(PAE)are 20.8 dBm and 21.1%,respectively.The measured minimum RX NF is 4.1 dB.The TRX achieves an output power of 11.0−12.4 dBm and error vector magnitude(EVM)of 5%with 400-MHz 5G NR FR2 OFDM 64-QAM signals across 24−29.5 GHz,covering 3GPP 5G NR FR2 operating bands of n257,n258,and n261.

关键词： fifth-generation(5G) power amplifier millimeter-wave transceiver phased-array

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6G extreme connectivity via exploring spatiotemporal exchangeability

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第3期66卷 94-96页

作者： xiaohu you National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Purple Mountain Laboratories

MIMO channel capacity collapse effect. The blocklength of channel coding is a critical factor that affects the communication latency over wireless channels. In the fifth-generation(5G) wireless communication network, a new structure of mini-slot has been introduced to support the requirement of communication latency no larger than 1 ms. Towards the next-generation wireless communication network, i.e.,

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An E-band CMOS frequency quadrupler with 1.7-dBm output power and 45-dB fundamental suppression

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Journal of Semiconductors 2022年第9期43卷 46-52页

作者： Xiaofei Liao Dixian Zhao xiaohu you National Mobile Communication Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111China

This paper presents an E-band frequency quadrupler in 40-nm CMOS technology.The circuit employs two push-push frequency doublers and two single-stage neutralized amplifiers.The pseudo-differential class-B biased cascode topo-logy is adopted for the frequency doubler,which improves the reverse isolation and the conversion gain.Neutralization tech-nique is applied to increase the stability and the power gain of the amplifiers simultaneously.The stacked transformers are used for single-ended-to-differential transformation as well as output bandpass filtering.The output bandpass filter enhances the 4th-harmonic output power,while rejecting the undesired harmonics,especially the 2nd harmonic.The core chip is 0.23 mm^(2)in size and consumes 34 mW.The measured 4th harmonic achieves a maximum output power of 1.7 dBm with a peak conversion gain of 3.4 dB at 76 GHz.The fundamental and 2nd-harmonic suppressions of over 45 and 20 dB are achieved for the spectrum from 74 to 82 GHz,respectively.

关键词： capacitor neutralization CMOS E-band frequency doubler frequency quadrupler push-push

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Performance analysis of legitimate UAV surveillance system with suspicious relay and anti-surveillance technology

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第5期8卷 853-863页

作者： Yi Shen Zhiwen Pan Nan Liu xiaohu you School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu210096China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories NanjingJiangsu211100China

We propose a legal Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)surveillance system to perform passive surveillance or active jamming while in the presence of a suspicious relay or source,where a UAV works in half-duplex mode and the relay/source deploys artificial noise to prevent monitoring.Three schemes are considered for a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)UAV:surveilling followed by jamming;jamming followed by surveilling;and two-stage surveilling.For each scheme,a closed-form expression of surveilling non-outage probability is derived,and surveilling performance under different system configurations is analyzed.Monte Carlo(MC)simulation validates derivation correctness.

关键词： UAV legitimate Surveillance Proactive surveilling Suspicious relay network Half-duplex

A 24.25–27.5 GHz 128-element dual-polarized 5G integrated phased array with 5.6%-EVM 400-MHz 64-QAM and 50-dBm EIRP

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第11期65卷 296-298页

作者： Huiqi LIU Dixian ZHAO Yongran YI xiaohu you School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Chengdu Xphased Technology Co. Ltd. 3. Purple Mountain Laboratories

With the rapid evolution of mobile communication technology, the data volume of new mobile services is growing exponentially, resulting in an explosive demand for increased data throughput [1, 2]. The 5G millimeter-wave(mm-Wave)frequency bands offer massive spectrum resources, which can greatly improve the communication rate and provide numerous possibilities for ultra-high-speed communication services [3–6].

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Joint optimization of spectral efficiency and energy efficiency with low-precision ADCs in cell-free massive MIMO systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 169-183页

作者： Han WANG Chang SUN Jiamin LI Pengcheng ZHU Dongming WANG xiaohu you National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Purple Mountain Laboratories

In cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems, it is beneficial to apply low-precision analog-to-digital converters(ADCs) to reduce power consumption, hardware cost, and the load on backhaul link. However, low-precision ADCs will result in serious degradation in spectral efficiency(SE). It is important to achieve a good tradeoff between SE and energy efficiency(EE) for cell-free massive MIMO systems with low-precision ADCs. In this paper, we first derive the closed-form expressions of uplink achievable rates with maximal ratio combining(MRC) receiver and zero-forcing(ZF) receiver in cell-free massive MIMO systems. Then we analyze the EE model of cell-free massive MIMO systems. Based on the above analysis, the tradeoff between SE and EE is studied. Moreover, we propose two quantization bit allocation algorithms to optimize the SE and EE jointly from the perspective of multi-objective optimization.One algorithm is based on the deep Q-network(DQN) and the other one is based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ). The proposed algorithms provide more feasible solutions and achieve better system performance than equal quantization bit allocation algorithm. Numerical results verify the accuracy of the derived closed-form expressions and the effectiveness of the proposed optimization algorithms.

关键词： cell-free massive MIMO low-precision ADC spectral efficiency energy efficiency multi-objective optimization

Parity-check and G-matrix based intelligent early stopping criterion for belief propagation decoder for polar codes

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第5期9卷 1148-1156页

作者： Qasim Jan Shahid Hussain Zhiwen Pan Nan Liu Zakir Ali Zechen Liu xiaohu you National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories NanjingJiangsu211100China Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAttock CampusAttock43600Pakistan School of Medicine Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayH91 TK33GalwayIreland Department of Computer Sciences Bahria University Lahore Campus54600Pakistan

The error correction performance of Belief Propagation(BP)decoding for polar codes is satisfactory compared with the Successive Cancellation(SC)decoding.Nevertheless,it has to complete a fixed number of iterations,which results in high computational complexity.This necessitates an intelligent identification of successful BP decoding for early termination of the decoding process to avoid unnecessary iterations and minimize the computational complexity of BP decoding.This paper proposes a hybrid technique that combines the“paritycheck”with the“G-matrix”to reduce the computational complexity of BP decoder for polar codes.The proposed hybrid technique takes advantage of the parity-check to intelligently identify the valid codeword at an early stage and terminate the BP decoding process,which minimizes the overhead of the G-matrix and reduces the computational complexity of BP decoding.We explore a detailed mechanism incorporating the parity bits as outer code and prove that the proposed hybrid technique minimizes the computational complexity while preserving the BP error correction performance.Moreover,mathematical formulation for the proposed hybrid technique that minimizes the computation cost of the G-matrix is elaborated.The performance of the proposed hybrid technique is validated by comparing it with the state-of-the-art early stopping criteria for BP decoding.Simulation results show that the proposed hybrid technique reduces the iterations by about 90%of BP decoding in a high Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)(i.e.,3.5~4 dB),and approaches the error correction performance of G-matrix and conventional BP decoder for polar codes.

关键词： Belief propagation Early termination G-matrix Parity-check Polar codes

A new 5G radio evolution towards 5G-Advanced

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第9期65卷 5-49页

作者： Jiyong PANG Shaobo WANG Zhenfei TANG Yanmin QIN Xiaofeng TAO xiaohu you Jinkang ZHU Research Department Wireless Network Huawei Technologies National Engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University Purple Mountain Laboratories School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China

The evolution of the fifth-generation(5G) new radio(NR) has progressed swiftly since the third generation partnership project(3GPP) standardized the first NR version(Release 15) in mid-2018. Nowadays, the world’s leading carriers are competing to provide various commercial services over 5G networks.Looking ahead to 2025 and beyond, it is expected that over 6.5 million 5G base stations will be installed to offer services to over 58% of the world’s population via over 100 billion 5G connections. Following the rapid development of 5G, an increasing number of commercialization use cases will drive the 5G network to continuously improve performance and expand capabilities. Hence, it is the right time to consider a welldefined framework and standardization for 5G NR evolution(5G-Advanced) to support commercialization between 2025 and 2030. First, this study addresses the key driving forces, requirements, usage scenarios,and capabilities of 5G-Advanced; then, it highlights the main technological challenges and introduces the top 10 promising technological directions in detail. Finally, other fascinating technological directions in5G-Advanced are shortly mentioned.

关键词： 3GPP 5G NR 5G-Advanced

Demonstration of record-high 352-Gbps terahertz wired transmission over hollow-core fiber at 325 GHz

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第2期65卷 241-242页

作者： Min ZHU Jiao ZHANG Jianjun YU xiaohu you National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University School of Information Science and Technology Fudan University

Terahertz (THz) waves,extending from 0.1 to 10 THz,are attracting extensive attention in the interdisciplinary fields of electronics and photonics.The THz band offers a larger available bandwidth,which can meet the Tbps transmission capacity for 6G wireless communication.Moreover,it could enable high-resolution sensing and imaging to implement Internet of Things (Io T) for trillion communicating devices,owing to the short wavelength compared to the microwave system[1].

关键词： THz communication THz hollow-core fiber optical-THz-optical communication advanced multi-dimension multiplexing techniques THz in-depth coverage

Blockchain-enabled wireless communications: a new paradigm towards 6G

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National Science Review 2021年第9期8卷 167-191页

作者： Jiaheng Wang Xintong Ling Yuwei Le Yongming Huang xiaohu you National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Purple Mountain Laboratories

With the deployment of fifth-generation(5 G) wireless networks worldwide, research on sixth-generation(6 G) wireless communications has commenced. It is expected that 6 G networks can accommodate numerous heterogeneous devices and infrastructures with enhanced efficiency and security over diverse,e.g. spectrum, computing and storage, resources. However, this goal is impeded by a number of trust-related issues that are often neglected in network designs. Blockchain, as an innovative and revolutionary technology that has arisen in the recent decade, provides a promising solution. Building on its nature of decentralization, transparency, anonymity, immutability, traceability and resiliency, blockchain can establish cooperative trust among separate network entities and facilitate, e.g. efficient resource sharing,trusted data interaction, secure access control, privacy protection, and tracing, certification and supervision functionalities for wireless networks, thus presenting a new paradigm towards 6 G. This paper is dedicated to blockchain-enabled wireless communication technologies. We first provide a brief introduction to the fundamentals of blockchain, and then we conduct a comprehensive investigation of the most recent efforts in incorporating blockchain into wireless communications from several aspects. Importantly, we further propose a unified framework of the blockchain radio access network(B-RAN) as a trustworthy and secure paradigm for 6 G networking by utilizing blockchain technologies with enhanced efficiency and security.The critical elements of B-RAN, such as consensus mechanisms, smart contract, trustworthy access,mathematical modeling, cross-network sharing, data tracking and auditing and intelligent networking, are elaborated. We also provide the prototype design of B-RAN along with the latest experimental results.

关键词： blockchain wireless communication 6G