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Chemical and rheological analysis of unaged and aged bio-extended binders containing lignin

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第6期10卷 947-963页

作者： Elena Gaudenzi Fabrizio Cardone xiaohu lu Francesco Canestrari Department of Civil and Building Engineering and Architecture UniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheAncona 60131Italy Nynas AB Nynäshamn 14982Sweden

The use of alternative renewable sources to totally or partially replace bitumen is one of the most current challenges in the road pavement sector.The growing energy cost and environmental concerns lead to the necessity to find alternative solutions,by supporting at the same time sustainability and circular economy principles.Within this framework,this paper presents the application of a powder lignin,a natural bio-polymer deriving from byproducts of wood pulp and paper industry,to replace part of bitumen.The bituminous blend consisting in 70%of bitumen and 30%of powder lignin(by weight)was made in laboratory through the use of a high shear stirring mixer,and a reference plain bitumen characterized by a similar consistency(i.e.,same penetration grade)was used as comparison.Then,an extensive investigation on chemical and rheological properties of the bio-binder is presented.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),saturates,aromatics,resins and asphaltenes(SARA),bending beam rheometer(BBR),frequency sweep tests and multiple stress creep recovery tests(MSCR)with a dynamic shear rheometer(DSR)were performed.Moreover,unaged,short-and long-term aging conditions were considered.Results indicated that powder lignin dominates the rheological behavior of the bio-binder and,from chemical analysis,it seems that it partially acts as a filler and partially as a binder.This would result in improved performances at both low and high temperatures,leading to a wider temperature range of performance grade(PG).Moreover,despite a stiffening effect is recognized,lignin also offers an antioxidant potentiality,reducing the aging susceptibility of the investigated bio-binder.

关键词： Bio-binders Asphalt binders Lignin Aging Sustainability

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Influence of morphology on high-temperature rheological properties of bitumen modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)copolymer

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 806-819页

作者： Jiqing ZHU xiaohu lu Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute(VTI) Linköping SE-58195Sweden Nynas AB Nynäshamn SE-14982Sweden

Different microstructures of the same polymer-modified bitumen(PMB)were obtained by subjecting the bitumen modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)copolymer to isothermal annealing at various temperatures.The effects of the morphology on the rheological properties of SBS-modified bitumen were investigated within the hightemperature range.The PMB microstructures were quantitatively evaluated using image analysis.A dynamic shear rheometer was used to measure the rheological parameters of the PMB samples and perform the multiple stress creep and recovery(MSCR)test.A quantitative basis could be established on which to discuss the relationship between the PMB morphology and rheology.The image analysis indicated that conditioning by isothermal annealing evidently led to a difference in the microstructure of the samples.Variation of the thermal history is demonstrated to be a practical way to vary the morphology of the PMB with the same raw materials and formulation.Compared with the two-phase morphology,the single-phase microstructure tended to have a narrower linear viscoelastic(LVE)region of the PMB.Within the LVE region,especially at low frequencies,the homogenous PMB can store more energy when experiencing loadings and is more elastic.Outside the LVE region,based on the MSCR test results,the homogenous morphology could assist in reaching a higher percentage of strain recovery after the creep period.

关键词： polymer bitumen microstructure rheology viscoelasticity

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Chemical,morphological and rheological characterization of bitumen partially replaced with wood bio-oil:Towards more sustainable materials in road pavements

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第2期7卷 192-204页

作者： Lorenzo Paolo Ingrassia xiaohu lu Gilda Ferrotti Francesco Canestrari Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile Edile e Architettura(DICEA)Universita Politecnica delle MarcheAncona 60131Italy Nynas AB Nynashamn SE-14982Sweden

Nowadays,sustainability and circular economy are two principles to be pursued in all fields.In road pavement engineering,they can be put into practice through the partial substitution of bitumen with industrial residues and by-products deriving from renewable materials.Within this framework,this paper presents an extensive investigation of the chemical,morphological and rheological properties of bio-binders obtained by mixing a conventional 50/70 bitumen with different percentages by weight(0,5%,10%and 15%)of a renewable bio-oil,generated as a residue in the processing of wood into pulp and paper.Results show that overall the bio-oil provides a softening effect,which,in terms of performance,leads to an improvement of the low-temperature behaviour and fatigue resistance with respect to the control bitumen,in spite of an increased tendency to permanent deformation.Although no chemical reaction appears to occur after blending,the peculiarities of the bio-oil affect the chemistry of the resulting bio-binders,whereas no phase separation is observed from the microscopic analysis.In addition,a Newtonian behaviour,an unchanged temperature susceptibility and a good fitting of 1 S2 P1 D model to the rheological data are found,regardless of the bio-oil percentage considered.These promising outcomes suggest that such bio-binders can be favourably employed for several applications in road pavements.

关键词： Road materials Bio-binders FTIR SARA 1S2P1D Sustainability

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Improved methodology for efficient establishment of the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model in pigs through the median thoracic incision

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2023年第4期37卷 302-312页

作者： Liuhua Zhou Jiateng Sun Tongtong Yang Sibo Wang Tiankai Shan Lingfeng Gu Jiawen Chen Tianwen Wei Di Zhao Chong Du Yulin Bao Hao Wang xiaohu lu Haoliang Sun Meng Lv Di Yang Liansheng Wang Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Cardiac Surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Medical Experimental Animal Center Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China

To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of establishing porcine ischemia-reperfusion models by ligating the left anterior descending(LAD)coronary artery,we first randomly divided 16 male Bama pigs into a sham group and a model group.After anesthesia,we separated the arteries and veins.Subsequently,we rapidly located the LAD coronary artery at the beginning of its first diagonal branch through a mid-chest incision.Then,we loosened and released the ligation line after five minutes of pre-occlusion.Finally,we ligated the LAD coronary artery in situ two minutes later and loosened the ligature 60 min after ischemia.Compared with the sham group,electrocardiogram showed multiple continuous lead ST-segment elevations,and ultrasound cardiogram showed significantly lower ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening at one hour and seven days post-operation in the model group.Twenty-four hours after the operation,cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels significantly increased in the model group,compared with the sham group.Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed the presence of many inflammatory cells infiltrating the interstitium of the myocardium in the model group but not in the sham group.Masson staining revealed a significant increase in infarct size in the ischemia/reperfusion group.All eight pigs in the model group recovered with normal sinus heart rates,and the survival rate was 100%.In conclusion,the method can provide an accurate and stable large animal model for preclinical research on ischemia/reperfusion with a high success rate and homogeneity of the myocardial infarction area.

关键词： coronary artery ligation myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury Bama pig animal model

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Biomechanical characterization of a novel ring connector for sutureless aortic anastomosis

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2018年第6期32卷 454-460页

作者： Huan Liu Shijiang Zhang Yongfeng Shao xiaohu lu Weidong Gu Buqing Ni Qun Gu Junjie Du Department of Cardiovascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital Nanjing Medical University

The surgical treatment for aortic diseases remains a challenge for any cardiac surgeon. The use of sutureless ring connector in aortic anastomosis can simplify the procedure and shorten anastomosis time. Therefore, we developed a novel device for sutureless aortic anastomosis. A series of experiments were carried out for tensile and leakproofcapacity assessments to verify the feasibility of the ring connector by using fresh swine aorta samples. In in vivo test,the ring connector was implanted in 6 swine with follow-up of 6 months. Radiographic and pathological studies of the aorta were performed. In the tensile tests, the strength was 32.7±5.9 Newton(N) in the sutureless anastomosis group,compared with 73.3±12.5 N in the control group by traditional manual suture. In the leakproof-capacity assessment,no sign of either leakage or bursting was evident at 280 mmHg of internal pressure in the aorta samples. In in vivo tests,it took 9.47±0.3 minutes for the sutureless anastomosis, compared with 15.58± 1.39 minutes for hand-sewn suturing. Insertion was easy and rapid. Radiographic and pathological studies were performed at first month, third month and sixth month after surgery, each time obtained from the two swine, showed patency of the anastomosis and no signs of stenosis, blood leakage, migration or pseudoaneurysm formation, except one paralyzed swine developed of thrombo-occlusion at the site of the sutureless anastomosis. The result indicates that this novel ring connector offers considerable promise for sutureless aortic anastomosis.

关键词： aortic diseases sutureless device aortic anastomosis swine

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地下综合交通枢纽绿色设计对于运行碳排放的影响研究——以雄安城际站为例

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建筑节能（中英文） 2024年第5期52卷 89-93,123页

作者：孙永强李晋秋贾康阔郝光卢晓虎中国铁路设计集团有限公司天津300308 北京清华同衡规划设计研究院有限公司北京100085 清华大学生态规划与绿色建筑教育部重点实验室北京100084 中国铁路建设管理有限公司北京100844

大型铁路客站作为典型公共交通类建筑,其绿色化设计及相关技术的应用对降低运行碳排放具有重要意义。以地下综合交通枢纽雄安城际站为例,基于项目实际情况,采用碳排放软件模拟计算的方法,对铁路客站的碳排放进行量化分析,探究绿色设计... 详细信息

大型铁路客站作为典型公共交通类建筑,其绿色化设计及相关技术的应用对降低运行碳排放具有重要意义。以地下综合交通枢纽雄安城际站为例,基于项目实际情况,采用碳排放软件模拟计算的方法,对铁路客站的碳排放进行量化分析,探究绿色设计和不同技术措施,如提升建筑围护结构参数、采用高性能冷源用于空调制冷、降低供暖及空调系统水泵耗电输冷(热)比EC(H)R、降低空调风机单位风量耗功率Ws、提高排风热回收效率、降低照明功率密度、利用可再生能源等,对其运行碳排放的影响。研究结果对今后大型铁路客站的绿色设计及节能降碳具有借鉴意义。

关键词：大型铁路客站综合交通枢纽碳排放节能绿色建筑绿色设计

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High-performance formaldehyde prediction for indoor air quality assessment using time series deep learning

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 415-429页

作者： Liu lu Xinyu Huang Xiaojun Zhou Junfei Guo xiaohu Yang Jinyue Yan School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina Future Energy Profile School of BusinessSocietyand EngineeringMälardalen UniversityVästeråsSweden

Indoor air pollution resulting from volatile organic compounds(VOCs),especially formaldehyde,is a significant health concern needed to predict indoor formaldehyde concentration(Cf)in green intelligent building design.This study develops a thermal and wet coupling calculation model of porous fabric to account for the migration of formaldehyde molecules in indoor air and cotton,silk,and polyester fabric with heat flux in Harbin,Beijing,Xi’an,Shanghai,Guangzhou,and Kunming,China.The time-by-time indoor dry-bulb temperature(T),relative humidity(RH),and Cf,obtained from verified simulations,were collated and used as input data for the long short-term memory(LSTM)of the deep learning model that predicts indoor multivariate time series Cf from the secondary source effects of indoor fabrics(adsorption and release of formaldehyde).The trained LSTM model can be used to predict multivariate time series Cf at other emission times and locations.The LSTM-based model also predicted Cf with mean absolute percentage error(MAPE),symmetric mean absolute percentage error(SMAPE),mean absolute error(MAE),mean square error(MSE),and root mean square error(RMSE)that fell within 10%,10%,0.5,0.5,and 0.8,respectively.In addition,the characteristics of the input dataset,model parameters,the prediction accuracy of different indoor fabrics,and the uncertainty of the data set are analyzed.The results show that the prediction accuracy of single data set input is higher than that of temperature and humidity input,and the prediction accuracy of LSTM is better than recurrent neural network(RNN).The method’s feasibility was established,and the study provides theoretical support for guiding indoor air pollution control measures and ensuring human health and safety.

关键词： multivariate time series formaldehyde concentration deep learning heat-humidity coupling mass transfer secondary source effect

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Aging of Bituminous Films under Ambient Conditions Compared to Accelerated Aging in the Pressure Aging Vessel

Aging of Bituminous Films under Ambient Conditions Compared ...

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ISAP2012重载沥青路面和桥面铺装专题会议

作者： Hilde Soenen Serge Heyrman xiaohu lu Per Redelius Nynas Belgium AB Nynas AB

＜正＞As binder aging plays a significant role in the durability and performance of asphalt pavements,it is important to understand and quantify the effects of aging.A first objective of this study is to compare accelerated aging versus aging under more realistic conditions.Bituminous binders were aged using various procedures,in a first procedure,binders were aged outdoors in such a way that a maximum exposure to direct sun radiation was obtained.In a second procedure,samples were also outdoor aged,but without direct exposure to sun radiation.In a third experiment binders were aged indoors at ambient conditions initially with exposure to sun

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区块链技术在会计与审计中的应用研究

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市场周刊 2022年第2期35卷 116-118页

作者：陆小虎苏州市职业大学商学院江苏苏州215100

区块链技术是一种基于互联网的加密点对点网络技术,是近年来一项全新的网络信息技术,正在引领全球新一轮产业革命。该技术的使用始于加密货币,现已扩展到社会生产与管理的很多其他产业领域。文章研究了现有环境下区块链对会计和审计行... 详细信息

区块链技术是一种基于互联网的加密点对点网络技术,是近年来一项全新的网络信息技术,正在引领全球新一轮产业革命。该技术的使用始于加密货币,现已扩展到社会生产与管理的很多其他产业领域。文章研究了现有环境下区块链对会计和审计行业的影响,以及其未来有可能为会计与审计行业带来的诸如信息透明、持续审计以及智能合约等技术革新。

关键词：区块链会计审计

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具有随机分布的全/半开孔隙的多孔泡沫吸声分形模型

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 89-102页

作者：肖田卢溜于晨磊舒高杨肖虎卢天健 State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures School of AerospaceXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Institute of the Building Environment&Sustainability Technology School of Human Settlements and Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Strctures Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China MIIT Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures(MLMS) Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China

具有随机孔隙的多孔泡沫在声音管理应用中得到越来越多的利用,其吸声系数通常作为性能评估和设计优化的关键声学参数.根据不同的加工方法,泡沫中的孔隙可以是全开或半开的,并且通常表现为分形分布特征.为了便于工程应用,有必要对这些泡... 详细信息

具有随机孔隙的多孔泡沫在声音管理应用中得到越来越多的利用,其吸声系数通常作为性能评估和设计优化的关键声学参数.根据不同的加工方法,泡沫中的孔隙可以是全开或半开的,并且通常表现为分形分布特征.为了便于工程应用,有必要对这些泡沫的吸声系数进行分析预测.然而,分析预测泡沫的吸声系数是一个挑战.因此,本研究提出了半开孔和全开孔的简化代表结构来微观分析泡沫内部的流动特性,并应用分形理论来描述随机分布的孔隙.引入一个叫“开孔度”的参数来表征孔隙的开放程度,可以解析地获得代表结构的粘性和热特征长度.随后,在经典吸声系数Johnson-Champoux-Allard模型的基础上,建立了一种将代表结构与分形理论统一起来的解析模型,从而可以将吸声系数作为具有全开/半开孔泡沫的关键形态参数的函数进行预测.与已有的实验测量和数值模拟结果相比,本文提出的分析模型可以较好地预测了半开孔和全开孔泡沫的关键流动特性和吸声系数.在0到4500 Hz的频率范围内,半开孔泡沫相对于具有相同孔隙率的全开孔泡沫可以更好地衰减声波.在孔隙率为0.95的条件下,半开孔泡沫的总体吸声系数分别提高了21.2%、57.7%和75.8%,此时开孔度由0.75到0.50降低了0.25.

关键词：吸声系数随机分布分形理论特征长度形态参数声学参数分形模型频率范围

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